Meta-analyzing the effect of online learning on academic achievement in higher education during COVID-19 pandemic

Investigating the influence of the emergency transition to online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic can significantly enhance our understanding of the benefits and limitations of technology in higher education. We aim to assess the effect of online learning on college students' academic ach...

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Published inInteractive learning environments Vol. 33; no. 2; pp. 1712 - 1734
Main Authors Xiong, Yanqing, Fang, Shixin, Shen, Menghan
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Abingdon Routledge 07.02.2025
Taylor & Francis Ltd
Subjects
Academic achievement
Colleges & universities
Control Groups
COVID-19
Distance learning
Education
Electronic Learning
Experimental Groups
Higher education
In Person Learning
Meta Analysis
Online learning
Pandemics
Students
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN1049-4820
1744-5191
DOI10.1080/10494820.2024.2375347

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Abstract Investigating the influence of the emergency transition to online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic can significantly enhance our understanding of the benefits and limitations of technology in higher education. We aim to assess the effect of online learning on college students' academic achievement compared to face-to-face learning during the Covid-19 crisis. This study utilizes a meta-analysis approach, examining 35 research studies conducted in 17 different countries and regions from 2020 to 2023, through an extensive database search encompassing the Web of Science Core Collection, EBSCO Host, JSTOR, Springerlink, and SCOPUS. The sample size comprised 8079 students, with 4160 assigned to the experimental group (online) and 3919 to the control group (face-to-face). We found that online learning yields a modest and positive effect (g = 0.336, 95% CI [0.139-0.534]) on students' academic achievement. The effect was consistent across class years and exam types but varied by subject, benefiting students in medicine, engineering, and natural sciences, while negatively affecting social sciences. Additionally, the effect of online learning shows a stronger positive impact on the academic achievement of students from lower-income level nations. Our research indicates that online learning could be a viable and potentially equalizing force in higher education.
AbstractList Investigating the influence of the emergency transition to online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic can significantly enhance our understanding of the benefits and limitations of technology in higher education. We aim to assess the effect of online learning on college students' academic achievement compared to face-to-face learning during the Covid-19 crisis. This study utilizes a meta-analysis approach, examining 35 research studies conducted in 17 different countries and regions from 2020 to 2023, through an extensive database search encompassing the Web of Science Core Collection, EBSCO Host, JSTOR, Springerlink, and SCOPUS. The sample size comprised 8079 students, with 4160 assigned to the experimental group (online) and 3919 to the control group (face-to-face). We found that online learning yields a modest and positive effect (g = 0.336, 95% CI [0.139–0.534]) on students' academic achievement. The effect was consistent across class years and exam types but varied by subject, benefiting students in medicine, engineering, and natural sciences, while negatively affecting social sciences. Additionally, the effect of online learning shows a stronger positive impact on the academic achievement of students from lower-income level nations. Our research indicates that online learning could be a viable and potentially equalizing force in higher education.
Author Shen, Menghan
Xiong, Yanqing
Fang, Shixin
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Snippet Investigating the influence of the emergency transition to online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic can significantly enhance our understanding of the...
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SubjectTerms Academic achievement
Colleges & universities
Control Groups
COVID-19
Distance learning
Education
Electronic Learning
Experimental Groups
Higher education
In Person Learning
Meta Analysis
Online learning
Pandemics
Students
Title Meta-analyzing the effect of online learning on academic achievement in higher education during COVID-19 pandemic
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https://www.proquest.com/docview/3181124048
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