Vasculitis and infectious risk in a patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A case report

• Published in: Experimental and therapeutic medicine Vol. 27; no. 5; p. 234
• Main Authors: Mitroi, Roxana Mădălina, Roșu, Maria Magdalena, Clenciu, Diana, Pădureanu, Vlad, Mitrea, Adina, Grigore, Maria Andreea, Mazilu, Emilia Roxana, Rădulescu, Dumitru, Vladu, Ionela Mihaela
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Greece Spandidos Publications 01.05.2024; Spandidos Publications UK Ltd; D.A. Spandidos
• Subjects: Amputation; Cardiovascular disease; Case Report; Case reports; Case studies; Chronic illnesses; Complications and side effects; Diabetes; Diabetic foot; Diabetic neuropathy; Hospitalization; Hyperglycemia; Inflammation; Nervous system; Risk factors; Staphylococcus aureus infections; Type 2 diabetes; Vasculitis; Romania; amputation; methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; vasculitis; diabetic foot infection
• ISSN: 1792-0981; 1792-1015
• DOI: 10.3892/etm.2024.12522

The connection between vasculitis and infection is complex. The present study described a typical situation for a patient with unbalanced type 2 diabetes and chronic complications, in which a lack of adherence to the protection and care measures ultimately led to the appearance of some of the worst consequences of the condition, namely, ulceration, gangrene and amputation. In the context of an unstable condition with significant metabolic imbalance there was an impaired response to infections in the present patient, and the amputation resulted in wound persistence and ulcer development, followed by superinfection with methicillin-resistant according to the antibiogram performed. In this case, an episode of vasculitis was triggered without evidence of bacteraemia. The present case report highlighted the importance of proper hygiene and good metabolic control in patients with diabetes that suffer from amputations and conditions that expose them to certain complications, including vasculitis.