Comprehending the Qing Empire: Building Multilingual Competence in an Age of Imperial Rivalry, 1792-1820

• Published in: International history review Vol. 41; no. 5; pp. 1057 - 1075
• Main Author: Mosca, Matthew W.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Toronto Routledge 03.09.2019; Taylor & Francis Ltd
• Subjects: Access; Ambition; Bilingualism; Competence; Diplomacy; European history; French Revolution; French Revolutionary and Napoleonic War Era; imperialism; multilingual scholarship; Multilingualism; Qing Dynasty; Qing Empire; translation; Ventures; War; China

European knowledge of the four dominant languages of the Qing Empire, Chinese, Manchu, Mongolian, and Tibetan, was transformed between 1792 and 1820 as a consequence of the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. Although these conflicts did not dramatically alter European political relations with...