Adventures in “belief”: Hearing an old concept in a new key
The well‐worn critique of “belief” as inadequate for understanding ritual motivation and practice has become a truism in need of reevaluation. For groups who foreground the establishment of truth in ritual practice, “belief” is a useful analytic term that brings together propositions and commitment...
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Published in | American anthropologist Vol. 125; no. 2; pp. 322 - 333 |
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Main Author | |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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Oxford
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
01.06.2023
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Abstract | The well‐worn critique of “belief” as inadequate for understanding ritual motivation and practice has become a truism in need of reevaluation. For groups who foreground the establishment of truth in ritual practice, “belief” is a useful analytic term that brings together propositions and commitment to the relationships and systems articulating those propositions. Spiritualism is a religious movement in which mediums attempt to communicate between the spirits of deceased people and their loved ones. As Spiritualist mediums see it, their main job is to provide “proof of survival”—evidence that they are really in touch with the spirit world. In doing so, they “serve Spirit,” working on behalf of those in the spirit world. Drawing on Bakhtin's treatment of dialogism and architectonics, I urge a rethinking of “belief” as a never‐completed project worked on intersubjectively. This approach to belief not only makes sense for analysis of groups who insist on the importance of truth claims but also liberates the term for use outside of Christian and self‐consciously modern contexts, as Bakhtinian dialogism is grounded in a model of the utterance and interactivity in general and not in any specific utterance or pattern of interaction.
Resumen
La desgastada crítica de la “creencia” como inadecuada para entender la motivación y la práctica ritual se ha convertido en una obviedad necesaria de ser reevaluada. Para los grupos que ponen de relieve el establecimiento de la verdad en la práctica ritual, la “creencia” es un térmico analítico útil que articula proposiciones y compromiso con las relaciones y sistemas que articulan esas proposiciones. El espiritismo es un movimiento religioso en el cual los médiums intentan comunicar los espíritus de las personas fallecidas y sus seres queridos. Como los médiums espiritistas lo ven, su trabajo principal es dar una “prueba de supervivencia” –evidencia de que ellos están realmente en contacto con el mundo espiritual‐. Al hacerlo, ellos “sirven al espíritu,” trabajando en nombre de aquellos en el mundo espiritual. Basados en el tratamiento de Bakhtin de dialogismo y la arquitectura insto a repensar la “creencia” como un proyecto nunca completado trabajado intersubjetivamente. Esta aproximación a la creencia no sólo tiene sentido para los análisis de grupos que insisten en la importancia de afirmaciones de la verdad, sino también libera el término para su uso por fuera de contextos cristianos y autoconscientemente modernos, en la medida que el dialogismo Bakhtiniano está sustentado en un modelo de expresión e interactividad en general, y no en una expresión o patrón de interacción específica. [creencia, religión, ritual, espiritismo, Australia]
Résumé
La critique éculée voulant que les “croyances” (foi, conviction) soient inadéquates pour comprendre les motivations et pratiques rituelles est devenu un cliché qui se doit d’être réévalué. Dans les groupes où il est convenu que les paroles dites lors des rituels sont empreintes de vérité, les “croyances” représentent un cadre analytique adéquat permettant de mettre en relation les propositions avec le dévouement envers les relations et les systèmes articulant ces propositions. Le spiritualisme est un mouvement religieux dans lequel les médiums tentent d’établir la communication entre avec les esprits des morts et leurs proches. Pour les médiums spiritualistes, la tâche principale consiste à démontrer qu'ils sont réellement en contact avec le monde des esprits et qu'ils peuvent fournir une “preuve de survie.” Se faisant, ils “servent les Esprits,” c'est‐à‐dire qu'ils travaillent pour le compte du monde des esprits. En me basant sur les notions de dialogisme et d'architectonique telles que définies par Bakhtin, je suggère de réinventer la notion de “croyance” et de la conceptualiser plutôt comme un projet intersubjectif inachevé. Comme le dialogisme Bakhtinien tire ses racines dans les paroles et l'interactivité en général, et non pas dans les paroles spécifiques ou les modèles d'interaction, cette approche de la croyance est appropriée non seulement pour l'analyse des groupes insistant sur l'importance d'identifier ce qui est vrai, mais la rend aussi applicable pour des groupes à l'extérieur de contextes sciemment modernes et Chrétiens. [Croyances, religion, rituel, Spiritualisme, Australie] |
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AbstractList | The well‐worn critique of “belief” as inadequate for understanding ritual motivation and practice has become a truism in need of reevaluation. For groups who foreground the establishment of truth in ritual practice, “belief” is a useful analytic term that brings together propositions and commitment to the relationships and systems articulating those propositions. Spiritualism is a religious movement in which mediums attempt to communicate between the spirits of deceased people and their loved ones. As Spiritualist mediums see it, their main job is to provide “proof of survival”—evidence that they are really in touch with the spirit world. In doing so, they “serve Spirit,” working on behalf of those in the spirit world. Drawing on Bakhtin's treatment of dialogism and architectonics, I urge a rethinking of “belief” as a never‐completed project worked on intersubjectively. This approach to belief not only makes sense for analysis of groups who insist on the importance of truth claims but also liberates the term for use outside of Christian and self‐consciously modern contexts, as Bakhtinian dialogism is grounded in a model of the utterance and interactivity in general and not in any specific utterance or pattern of interaction. The well‐worn critique of “belief” as inadequate for understanding ritual motivation and practice has become a truism in need of reevaluation. For groups who foreground the establishment of truth in ritual practice, “belief” is a useful analytic term that brings together propositions and commitment to the relationships and systems articulating those propositions. Spiritualism is a religious movement in which mediums attempt to communicate between the spirits of deceased people and their loved ones. As Spiritualist mediums see it, their main job is to provide “proof of survival”—evidence that they are really in touch with the spirit world. In doing so, they “serve Spirit,” working on behalf of those in the spirit world. Drawing on Bakhtin's treatment of dialogism and architectonics, I urge a rethinking of “belief” as a never‐completed project worked on intersubjectively. This approach to belief not only makes sense for analysis of groups who insist on the importance of truth claims but also liberates the term for use outside of Christian and self‐consciously modern contexts, as Bakhtinian dialogism is grounded in a model of the utterance and interactivity in general and not in any specific utterance or pattern of interaction. Resumen La desgastada crítica de la “creencia” como inadecuada para entender la motivación y la práctica ritual se ha convertido en una obviedad necesaria de ser reevaluada. Para los grupos que ponen de relieve el establecimiento de la verdad en la práctica ritual, la “creencia” es un térmico analítico útil que articula proposiciones y compromiso con las relaciones y sistemas que articulan esas proposiciones. El espiritismo es un movimiento religioso en el cual los médiums intentan comunicar los espíritus de las personas fallecidas y sus seres queridos. Como los médiums espiritistas lo ven, su trabajo principal es dar una “prueba de supervivencia” –evidencia de que ellos están realmente en contacto con el mundo espiritual‐. Al hacerlo, ellos “sirven al espíritu,” trabajando en nombre de aquellos en el mundo espiritual. Basados en el tratamiento de Bakhtin de dialogismo y la arquitectura insto a repensar la “creencia” como un proyecto nunca completado trabajado intersubjetivamente. Esta aproximación a la creencia no sólo tiene sentido para los análisis de grupos que insisten en la importancia de afirmaciones de la verdad, sino también libera el término para su uso por fuera de contextos cristianos y autoconscientemente modernos, en la medida que el dialogismo Bakhtiniano está sustentado en un modelo de expresión e interactividad en general, y no en una expresión o patrón de interacción específica. [creencia, religión, ritual, espiritismo, Australia] Résumé La critique éculée voulant que les “croyances” (foi, conviction) soient inadéquates pour comprendre les motivations et pratiques rituelles est devenu un cliché qui se doit d’être réévalué. Dans les groupes où il est convenu que les paroles dites lors des rituels sont empreintes de vérité, les “croyances” représentent un cadre analytique adéquat permettant de mettre en relation les propositions avec le dévouement envers les relations et les systèmes articulant ces propositions. Le spiritualisme est un mouvement religieux dans lequel les médiums tentent d’établir la communication entre avec les esprits des morts et leurs proches. Pour les médiums spiritualistes, la tâche principale consiste à démontrer qu'ils sont réellement en contact avec le monde des esprits et qu'ils peuvent fournir une “preuve de survie.” Se faisant, ils “servent les Esprits,” c'est‐à‐dire qu'ils travaillent pour le compte du monde des esprits. En me basant sur les notions de dialogisme et d'architectonique telles que définies par Bakhtin, je suggère de réinventer la notion de “croyance” et de la conceptualiser plutôt comme un projet intersubjectif inachevé. Comme le dialogisme Bakhtinien tire ses racines dans les paroles et l'interactivité en général, et non pas dans les paroles spécifiques ou les modèles d'interaction, cette approche de la croyance est appropriée non seulement pour l'analyse des groupes insistant sur l'importance d'identifier ce qui est vrai, mais la rend aussi applicable pour des groupes à l'extérieur de contextes sciemment modernes et Chrétiens. [Croyances, religion, rituel, Spiritualisme, Australie] Abstract The well‐worn critique of “belief” as inadequate for understanding ritual motivation and practice has become a truism in need of reevaluation. For groups who foreground the establishment of truth in ritual practice, “belief” is a useful analytic term that brings together propositions and commitment to the relationships and systems articulating those propositions. Spiritualism is a religious movement in which mediums attempt to communicate between the spirits of deceased people and their loved ones. As Spiritualist mediums see it, their main job is to provide “proof of survival”—evidence that they are really in touch with the spirit world. In doing so, they “serve Spirit,” working on behalf of those in the spirit world. Drawing on Bakhtin's treatment of dialogism and architectonics, I urge a rethinking of “belief” as a never‐completed project worked on intersubjectively. This approach to belief not only makes sense for analysis of groups who insist on the importance of truth claims but also liberates the term for use outside of Christian and self‐consciously modern contexts, as Bakhtinian dialogism is grounded in a model of the utterance and interactivity in general and not in any specific utterance or pattern of interaction. Resumen La desgastada crítica de la “creencia” como inadecuada para entender la motivación y la práctica ritual se ha convertido en una obviedad necesaria de ser reevaluada. Para los grupos que ponen de relieve el establecimiento de la verdad en la práctica ritual, la “creencia” es un térmico analítico útil que articula proposiciones y compromiso con las relaciones y sistemas que articulan esas proposiciones. El espiritismo es un movimiento religioso en el cual los médiums intentan comunicar los espíritus de las personas fallecidas y sus seres queridos. Como los médiums espiritistas lo ven, su trabajo principal es dar una “prueba de supervivencia” –evidencia de que ellos están realmente en contacto con el mundo espiritual‐. Al hacerlo, ellos “sirven al espíritu,” trabajando en nombre de aquellos en el mundo espiritual. Basados en el tratamiento de Bakhtin de dialogismo y la arquitectura insto a repensar la “creencia” como un proyecto nunca completado trabajado intersubjetivamente. Esta aproximación a la creencia no sólo tiene sentido para los análisis de grupos que insisten en la importancia de afirmaciones de la verdad, sino también libera el término para su uso por fuera de contextos cristianos y autoconscientemente modernos, en la medida que el dialogismo Bakhtiniano está sustentado en un modelo de expresión e interactividad en general, y no en una expresión o patrón de interacción específica. [creencia, religión, ritual, espiritismo, Australia] Résumé La critique éculée voulant que les “croyances” (foi, conviction) soient inadéquates pour comprendre les motivations et pratiques rituelles est devenu un cliché qui se doit d’être réévalué. Dans les groupes où il est convenu que les paroles dites lors des rituels sont empreintes de vérité, les “croyances” représentent un cadre analytique adéquat permettant de mettre en relation les propositions avec le dévouement envers les relations et les systèmes articulant ces propositions. Le spiritualisme est un mouvement religieux dans lequel les médiums tentent d’établir la communication entre avec les esprits des morts et leurs proches. Pour les médiums spiritualistes, la tâche principale consiste à démontrer qu'ils sont réellement en contact avec le monde des esprits et qu'ils peuvent fournir une “preuve de survie.” Se faisant, ils “servent les Esprits,” c'est‐à‐dire qu'ils travaillent pour le compte du monde des esprits. En me basant sur les notions de dialogisme et d'architectonique telles que définies par Bakhtin, je suggère de réinventer la notion de “croyance” et de la conceptualiser plutôt comme un projet intersubjectif inachevé. Comme le dialogisme Bakhtinien tire ses racines dans les paroles et l'interactivité en général, et non pas dans les paroles spécifiques ou les modèles d'interaction, cette approche de la croyance est appropriée non seulement pour l'analyse des groupes insistant sur l'importance d'identifier ce qui est vrai, mais la rend aussi applicable pour des groupes à l'extérieur de contextes sciemment modernes et Chrétiens. [Croyances, religion, rituel, Spiritualisme, Australie] |
Author | Tomlinson, Matt |
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Snippet | The well‐worn critique of “belief” as inadequate for understanding ritual motivation and practice has become a truism in need of reevaluation. For groups who... Abstract The well‐worn critique of “belief” as inadequate for understanding ritual motivation and practice has become a truism in need of reevaluation. For... |
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SubjectTerms | Australia belief Belief & doubt Beliefs Communication Groups Motivation Propositions Religion Religious movements ritual Rituals Spiritualism Truth |
Title | Adventures in “belief”: Hearing an old concept in a new key |
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