A numerical approach for modeling crack closure and infiltrated flow in cracked soils
Soil cracks generated in natural fields will change soil structure and provide pathways for preferential flow. Although most simulations have focused on the influences of surface cracks or subsurface cracks in the fields, few studies are conducted on the deformable cracks extending from soil surface...
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| Published in | Soil & tillage research Vol. 233; p. 105794 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
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Elsevier B.V
01.09.2023
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| Subjects | |
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| Abstract | Soil cracks generated in natural fields will change soil structure and provide pathways for preferential flow. Although most simulations have focused on the influences of surface cracks or subsurface cracks in the fields, few studies are conducted on the deformable cracks extending from soil surface to deep soil layer. The present study addresses a fundamental issue and investigates the differences in water flow during infiltration processes of deformable and non-deformable cracked soils. Based on the discrete crack network model, a two-dimensional numerical approach is proposed to investigate the preferential flow in deformable cracked soil. Numerical simulations on water flow are implemented for matrix domain and cracks with the finite element method, which are discretized into solid elements and zero thickness elements, respectively. The proposed model is validated through explicit modeling and experimental observation and then compared with deformable crack approach. It is further employed to simulate the infiltration process of deformable cracked soil revealing significant differences in infiltration characteristics between deformable and non-deformable cracked soils, even if the cracks all act as preferential flow pathways. Although the saturation in crack closure of numerical model is variable during infiltration process, the effect of saturation is still affected by the number of cracks. Furthermore, cracks do not entirely close over a long period of infiltration, and thus they can become preferential flow pathways in subsequent infiltration events. These findings highlight the gap in simulations of water infiltration in cracked soil and the potential for erroneous simulations of water condition when cracks cannot be deformable during infiltration process.
•An approach for modeling water infiltration in deformable cracked soil is proposed.•Non-deformable cracked soil model overestimates the infiltration characteristics.•Crack closure weakens the effect of crack aperture on water infiltration.•The spatial heterogeneity of crack closure is related to that of water distribution. |
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| AbstractList | Soil cracks generated in natural fields will change soil structure and provide pathways for preferential flow. Although most simulations have focused on the influences of surface cracks or subsurface cracks in the fields, few studies are conducted on the deformable cracks extending from soil surface to deep soil layer. The present study addresses a fundamental issue and investigates the differences in water flow during infiltration processes of deformable and non-deformable cracked soils. Based on the discrete crack network model, a two-dimensional numerical approach is proposed to investigate the preferential flow in deformable cracked soil. Numerical simulations on water flow are implemented for matrix domain and cracks with the finite element method, which are discretized into solid elements and zero thickness elements, respectively. The proposed model is validated through explicit modeling and experimental observation and then compared with deformable crack approach. It is further employed to simulate the infiltration process of deformable cracked soil revealing significant differences in infiltration characteristics between deformable and non-deformable cracked soils, even if the cracks all act as preferential flow pathways. Although the saturation in crack closure of numerical model is variable during infiltration process, the effect of saturation is still affected by the number of cracks. Furthermore, cracks do not entirely close over a long period of infiltration, and thus they can become preferential flow pathways in subsequent infiltration events. These findings highlight the gap in simulations of water infiltration in cracked soil and the potential for erroneous simulations of water condition when cracks cannot be deformable during infiltration process.
•An approach for modeling water infiltration in deformable cracked soil is proposed.•Non-deformable cracked soil model overestimates the infiltration characteristics.•Crack closure weakens the effect of crack aperture on water infiltration.•The spatial heterogeneity of crack closure is related to that of water distribution. Soil cracks generated in natural fields will change soil structure and provide pathways for preferential flow. Although most simulations have focused on the influences of surface cracks or subsurface cracks in the fields, few studies are conducted on the deformable cracks extending from soil surface to deep soil layer. The present study addresses a fundamental issue and investigates the differences in water flow during infiltration processes of deformable and non-deformable cracked soils. Based on the discrete crack network model, a two-dimensional numerical approach is proposed to investigate the preferential flow in deformable cracked soil. Numerical simulations on water flow are implemented for matrix domain and cracks with the finite element method, which are discretized into solid elements and zero thickness elements, respectively. The proposed model is validated through explicit modeling and experimental observation and then compared with deformable crack approach. It is further employed to simulate the infiltration process of deformable cracked soil revealing significant differences in infiltration characteristics between deformable and non-deformable cracked soils, even if the cracks all act as preferential flow pathways. Although the saturation in crack closure of numerical model is variable during infiltration process, the effect of saturation is still affected by the number of cracks. Furthermore, cracks do not entirely close over a long period of infiltration, and thus they can become preferential flow pathways in subsequent infiltration events. These findings highlight the gap in simulations of water infiltration in cracked soil and the potential for erroneous simulations of water condition when cracks cannot be deformable during infiltration process. |
| ArticleNumber | 105794 |
| Author | Zhao, Long Nie, Weibo Chang, Kai Li, Yibo Ma, Xiaoyi Xing, Xuguang |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Xuguang surname: Xing fullname: Xing, Xuguang organization: State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province 710048 China – sequence: 2 givenname: Weibo surname: Nie fullname: Nie, Weibo email: nwbo2000@163.com organization: State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province 710048 China – sequence: 3 givenname: Kai surname: Chang fullname: Chang, Kai organization: Key Laboratory for Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid Area of Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100 China – sequence: 4 givenname: Long surname: Zhao fullname: Zhao, Long organization: College of Agricultural Equipment Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan Province 471000 China – sequence: 5 givenname: Yibo surname: Li fullname: Li, Yibo email: liyibo51_teresa@hotmail.com organization: State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province 710048 China – sequence: 6 givenname: Xiaoyi surname: Ma fullname: Ma, Xiaoyi organization: Key Laboratory for Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid Area of Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100 China |
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| Keywords | Deformable/non-deformable cracked soil Water infiltration Crack closure Discrete crack network |
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| SubjectTerms | Crack closure Deformable/non-deformable cracked soil Discrete crack network domain finite element analysis mathematical models preferential flow soil cracks soil structure tillage water flow Water infiltration |
| Title | A numerical approach for modeling crack closure and infiltrated flow in cracked soils |
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