A case study of the evolution of a Kelvin–Helmholtz wave and turbulence in noctilucent clouds

Bright and extensive noctilucent clouds (NLC) were observed in Århus (Denmark) on 3/4 July of 2008 with an automatic digital camera taking images every minute. This event was unique in the sense that bright NLC were seen at high elevation angles (more than 30°) that allowed observing the evolution o...

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Published inJournal of atmospheric and solar-terrestrial physics Vol. 72; no. 14; pp. 1129 - 1138
Main Authors Dalin, P., Pertsev, N., Frandsen, S., Hansen, O., Andersen, H., Dubietis, A., Balciunas, R.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Elsevier Ltd 01.09.2010
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Abstract Bright and extensive noctilucent clouds (NLC) were observed in Århus (Denmark) on 3/4 July of 2008 with an automatic digital camera taking images every minute. This event was unique in the sense that bright NLC were seen at high elevation angles (more than 30°) that allowed observing the evolution of a Kelvin–Helmholtz (KH) wave, resulted in well-developed turbulence. In particular, coherent vortex structures of a horseshoe-shaped form were observed for the first time in noctilucent clouds. The turbulent diffusion coefficient and turbulent energy dissipation rate around the mesopause are estimated in the range 162–667 m 2/s and 300–1235 mW/kg, respectively, representing a case of strong neutral air turbulence in noctilucent clouds. Turbulent structures were observed to be in the vicinity of breaking small-scale gravity waves that seems to be responsible for a high level of turbulence. At the same time, it has been demonstrated that it is of importance to take into account non-turbulent process such as the gravity wave motion that is always present in NLC layers. Unless non-turbulent process is taken into account, this certainly leads to overestimating of the value of the turbulent diffusion coefficient. More accurate characteristics of turbulence in NLC can be obtained by analyzing a sequence of high-resolution images with a high frame-rate high-resolution digital camera.
AbstractList Bright and extensive noctilucent clouds (NLC) were observed in Århus (Denmark) on 3/4 July of 2008 with an automatic digital camera taking images every minute. This event was unique in the sense that bright NLC were seen at high elevation angles (more than 30°) that allowed observing the evolution of a Kelvin–Helmholtz (KH) wave, resulted in well-developed turbulence. In particular, coherent vortex structures of a horseshoe-shaped form were observed for the first time in noctilucent clouds. The turbulent diffusion coefficient and turbulent energy dissipation rate around the mesopause are estimated in the range 162–667 m 2/s and 300–1235 mW/kg, respectively, representing a case of strong neutral air turbulence in noctilucent clouds. Turbulent structures were observed to be in the vicinity of breaking small-scale gravity waves that seems to be responsible for a high level of turbulence. At the same time, it has been demonstrated that it is of importance to take into account non-turbulent process such as the gravity wave motion that is always present in NLC layers. Unless non-turbulent process is taken into account, this certainly leads to overestimating of the value of the turbulent diffusion coefficient. More accurate characteristics of turbulence in NLC can be obtained by analyzing a sequence of high-resolution images with a high frame-rate high-resolution digital camera.
Bright and extensive noctilucent clouds (NLC) were observed in Aarhus (Denmark) on 3/4 July of 2008 with an automatic digital camera taking images every minute. This event was unique in the sense that bright NLC were seen at high elevation angles (more than 30A) that allowed observing the evolution of a Kelvin-Helmholtz (KH) wave, resulted in well-developed turbulence. In particular, coherent vortex structures of a horseshoe-shaped form were observed for the first time in noctilucent clouds. The turbulent diffusion coefficient and turbulent energy dissipation rate around the mesopause are estimated in the range 162-667m2/s and 300-1235mW/kg, respectively, representing a case of strong neutral air turbulence in noctilucent clouds. Turbulent structures were observed to be in the vicinity of breaking small-scale gravity waves that seems to be responsible for a high level of turbulence. At the same time, it has been demonstrated that it is of importance to take into account non-turbulent process such as the gravity wave motion that is always present in NLC layers. Unless non-turbulent process is taken into account, this certainly leads to overestimating of the value of the turbulent diffusion coefficient. More accurate characteristics of turbulence in NLC can be obtained by analyzing a sequence of high-resolution images with a high frame-rate high-resolution digital camera.
Author Dubietis, A.
Frandsen, S.
Hansen, O.
Dalin, P.
Andersen, H.
Pertsev, N.
Balciunas, R.
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Atmospheric turbulence
Mesospheric dynamics
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  ident: 10.1016/j.jastp.2010.06.011_bib15
  contributor:
    fullname: Gadsden
– start-page: 208
  year: 1967
  ident: 10.1016/j.jastp.2010.06.011_bib44
  article-title: Cellular convection in the zone of noctilucent clouds
  contributor:
    fullname: Trubnikov
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Snippet Bright and extensive noctilucent clouds (NLC) were observed in Århus (Denmark) on 3/4 July of 2008 with an automatic digital camera taking images every minute....
Bright and extensive noctilucent clouds (NLC) were observed in Aarhus (Denmark) on 3/4 July of 2008 with an automatic digital camera taking images every...
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StartPage 1129
SubjectTerms Atmospheric turbulence
Mesospheric dynamics
Noctilucent clouds
Title A case study of the evolution of a Kelvin–Helmholtz wave and turbulence in noctilucent clouds
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2010.06.011
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Volume 72
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