The Gardner Problem on the Lock-In Range of Second-Order Type 2 Phase-Locked Loops - Kuznetsov, Nikolay V.; Lobachev, Mikhail Y.; Yuldashev, Marat V.; Yuldashev, Renat V.; Tavazoei, Mohammad S. (IEEE transactions on automatic control, 2023)
Keywords: Aerospace electronics; Automatic control; Computer simulation; Control methods; Control theory; Cycle slipping; Detectors; Dynamic stability; Dynamical systems; Estimates; Frequency control; gardner problem; lock-in range; lyapunov methods; Mathematical models; Nonlinear analysis; Nonlinear control; nonlinear control systems; Phase detectors; Phase locked loops; PLL; Qualitative analysis; Stability analysis; Voltage-controlled oscillators