The evolution and impacts of 'complexity notions' in landscape architecture

• Published in: Landscape research Vol. 48; no. 6; pp. 793 - 810
• Main Authors: Liu, Jingyi, Zhang, Menghan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Abingdon Routledge 18.08.2023; Taylor & Francis Ltd
• Subjects: complex adaptive system; Complexity; complexity science; design process; Design theory; feedback learning; Landscape architecture; landscape criticism; landscape history; landscape practice; resilience
• ISSN: 0142-6397; 1469-9710
• DOI: 10.1080/01426397.2023.2198763

Complexity notions, i.e. ideas or methods that incorporate concepts and rationales from complexity science as analogies or models, frequently appear in landscape architectural discourses. However, debates have arisen about the legitimacy and relevance of complexity notions in landscape architecture. Are complexity notions an ephemeral fashion or derived from the inherent needs of landscape architecture research and practice? What role do complexity notions play in the development of landscape architecture? To answer these questions, we conducted a three-phase review of the complexity notions in landscape architectural theories and practices since early 20th century. We concluded that complexity notions in landscape architecture are a long-standing and increasingly significant subject rather than a passing fad. Complexity notions serve as an exploratory system rather than tyrannical dogma. Addressing the increasing complexity of landscapes and inspired by up-to-date complexity theories, incorporating adaptive learning processes is becoming a new paradigm in landscape research and practice.