Essential Oil from Psidium cattleianum Sabine (Myrtaceae) Fresh Leaves: Chemical Characterization and in vitro Antibacterial Activity Against Endodontic Pathogens

• Published in: Brazilian archives of biology and technology Vol. 63
• Main Authors: Chrystal, Pietro, Pereira, Alexandra Cristine, Fernandes, Cassia Cristina, Souza, João Matias de, Martins, Carlos Henrique Gomes, Potenza, Júlia, Crotti, Antônio Eduardo Miller, Miranda, Mayker Lazaro Dantas
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Instituto de Tecnologia do Paraná (Tecpar) 2020
• Subjects: aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans; alternative medicine; chlorhexidine dihydrochloride; endodontic infections; pathogenic bacteria
• DOI: 10.1590/1678-4324-2020190196
• ISSN: 1516-8913

Abstract Endodontic infections result from oral pathogenic bacteria which reach and infect dental pulp, as well as surrounding tissues, through cracks, unrepaired caries and failed caries restorations. This study aims to determine the chemical composition of essential oil from Psidium cattleianum leaves (PC-EO) and to assess its antibacterial activity against endodontic bacteria. Antibacterial activity of PC-EO was evaluated in terms of its minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values by the broth microdilution method on 96-well microplates. Bacteria Porphyromonas gingivalis (MIC = 20 µg/mL), Prevotella nigrescens (MIC = 62.5 µg/mL), Fusobacterium nucleatum (MIC = 12.5 µg/mL), Actinomyces naeslundii (MIC = 50 µg/mL), Bacteroides fragilis (MIC = 12.5 µg/mL), Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (MIC = 6.25 µg/mL) and Peptostreptococcus anaerobius (MIC = 62.5 µg/mL) were evaluated and compared to chlorhexidine dihydrochloride (CDH), the positive control. PC-EO was obtained by hydrodistillation with the use of a Clevenger-type apparatus whereas its chemical composition was analyzed by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Viridiflorol (17.9%), β-caryophyllene (11.8%), 1,8-cineole (10.8%) and β-selinene (8.6%) were the major constituents found in PC-EO, which exhibited high antibacterial activity against all endodontic pathogens under investigation. Therefore, PC-EO, a promising source of bioactive compounds, may provide therapeutic solutions for the field of endodontics.