A Review on the Roles of Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPSs) in Wastewater Treatment: Source, Mechanism Study, Bioproducts, Limitations, and Future Challenges

Biological treatment is currently a favorable option to treat wastewater due to its environmentally friendly methods and minimal toxic by-products. The majority of biological wastewater treatment uses bacteria as treatment agents, which are known to have excellent capabilities for removing various p...

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Published inWater (Basel) Vol. 16; no. 19; p. 2812
Main Authors Hasan, Hassimi Abu, Rahim, Nurul Farhana Mohd, Alias, Jahira, Ahmad, Jamilah, Said, Nor Sakinah Mohd, Ramli, Nur Nadhirah, Buhari, Junaidah, Abdullah, Siti Rozaimah Sheikh, Othman, Ahmad Razi, Jusoh, Hajjar Hartini Wan, Juahir, Hafizan, Kurniawan, Setyo Budi
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel MDPI AG 01.10.2024
Subjects
Algae
Bacteria
Biofilms
Biopolymers
Environmental aspects
Enzymes
Heavy metals
Influence
Microorganisms
Nutrients
Polymers
Purification
Roles
Salinity
Sewage
Shear stress
Sludge
Temperature
Toxins
Water treatment
Yeast
Malaysia
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Abstract Biological treatment is currently a favorable option to treat wastewater due to its environmentally friendly methods and minimal toxic by-products. The majority of biological wastewater treatment uses bacteria as treatment agents, which are known to have excellent capabilities for removing various pollutants. Researchers have extensively explored the use of extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) generated by bacteria in wastewater treatment. This review focuses on the sources of EPSs, factors influencing their production, and their role in wastewater treatment. Bacterial species, nutrient availability, pH, temperatures, and the presence of toxins were mentioned to be the factors influencing EPS production by bacteria in wastewater treatment. Produced EPSs by bacteria may promote the aggregation, adsorption, decolorization, and degradation of pollutants. This review highlights the challenges of discovering new potential bacterial species and complex EPS extraction methods, as well as the importance of mass production for larger-scale applications.
AbstractList Biological treatment is currently a favorable option to treat wastewater due to its environmentally friendly methods and minimal toxic by-products. The majority of biological wastewater treatment uses bacteria as treatment agents, which are known to have excellent capabilities for removing various pollutants. Researchers have extensively explored the use of extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) generated by bacteria in wastewater treatment. This review focuses on the sources of EPSs, factors influencing their production, and their role in wastewater treatment. Bacterial species, nutrient availability, pH, temperatures, and the presence of toxins were mentioned to be the factors influencing EPS production by bacteria in wastewater treatment. Produced EPSs by bacteria may promote the aggregation, adsorption, decolorization, and degradation of pollutants. This review highlights the challenges of discovering new potential bacterial species and complex EPS extraction methods, as well as the importance of mass production for larger-scale applications.
Audience Academic
Author Hasan, Hassimi Abu
Rahim, Nurul Farhana Mohd
Ahmad, Jamilah
Buhari, Junaidah
Jusoh, Hajjar Hartini Wan
Alias, Jahira
Juahir, Hafizan
Said, Nor Sakinah Mohd
Abdullah, Siti Rozaimah Sheikh
Kurniawan, Setyo Budi
Ramli, Nur Nadhirah
Othman, Ahmad Razi
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Snippet Biological treatment is currently a favorable option to treat wastewater due to its environmentally friendly methods and minimal toxic by-products. The...
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SubjectTerms Algae
Bacteria
Biofilms
Biopolymers
Environmental aspects
Enzymes
Heavy metals
Influence
Microorganisms
Nutrients
Polymers
Purification
Roles
Salinity
Sewage
Shear stress
Sludge
Temperature
Toxins
Water treatment
Yeast
Title A Review on the Roles of Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPSs) in Wastewater Treatment: Source, Mechanism Study, Bioproducts, Limitations, and Future Challenges
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