Film mulch with irrigation and rainfed cultivations improves maize production and water use efficiency in Ethiopia
Improving productivity of maize (Zea mays L.) and water use efficiency is of great significance for agriculture in Ethiopia. In this study, the effects of ridge‐furrow with film mulch cultivation were tested on maize yields in Melkassa, Ethiopia. Three field experiments (drip irrigation, furrow irri...
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| Published in | Annals of applied biology Vol. 175; no. 2; pp. 215 - 227 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Oxford, UK
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
01.09.2019
Wiley Subscription Services, Inc |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0003-4746 1744-7348 |
| DOI | 10.1111/aab.12531 |
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| Abstract | Improving productivity of maize (Zea mays L.) and water use efficiency is of great significance for agriculture in Ethiopia. In this study, the effects of ridge‐furrow with film mulch cultivation were tested on maize yields in Melkassa, Ethiopia. Three field experiments (drip irrigation, furrow irrigation and rainfed) were conducted each with randomised complete block design with three replicates. The drip irrigation experiment was conducted in the dry season and constituted three film mulch methods (non‐mulch, transparent film mulch and black film mulch) with three irrigation levels (357, 435 and 515 mm). The furrow irrigation experiment was also conducted in the dry season and constituted two film mulches (non‐mulch and transparent film mulch) with three irrigation levels (484, 674 and 865 mm). The rainfed experiment was conducted in the rainy season and constituted three mulches (non‐mulch, transparent film mulch and black film mulch) with two farming methods (ridge‐furrow farming and flat farming). In the drip irrigation experiment, the highest maize yields (5.9 ± 0.6 t ha−1) and irrigation water use efficiency (9.6 ± 1 kg ha−1 mm−1) were recorded in the treatment using black film mulch with high irrigation, with increases of 68% and 68.4% compared to using non‐mulch treatment at that irrigation level. In the furrow irrigation experiment, maize yields and irrigation water use efficiency reached 7 (± 0.8) t ha−1 and 9.1 (± 1.9) kg ha−1 mm−1 in the treatment using transparent film mulch with medium irrigation (674 mm), with increases of 46% and 46.8% compared to that with non‐mulch treatment. In the rainfed experiment, the film mulch rather than farming method had positive effects on the maize yields and rainwater use efficiency. The average maize yield reached 8.5 (± 0.7) t ha−1 in the film mulch treatments, with an increase of 39% than using the non‐mulch treatment. Compared with that of non‐mulch treatment, the net income in the film mulch treatments increased by 94% in the furrow experiment and 31% in the rainfed experiment. Our results indicate that the ridge‐furrow with film mulch system can be recommended for water‐saving irrigation with low cost in dry seasons, and film mulch with flat farming can be recommended in rainy seasons for maize production in Ethiopia. This study provides strong evidence that maize productivity can be effectively improved in Ethiopia and other similar areas of the world using this simple and cost‐effective technology.
The effects of ridge‐furrow with film mulch cultivation were tested on maize yields in Ethiopia. Three field experiments (drip irrigation, furrowirrigation and rainfed) were conducted each with randomized complete block design. Our results indicate that the ridge‐furrow with film mulch system can be recommended for water‐saving irrigation with low cost in dryseasons, and film mulch with flat farming can be recommended in rainy seasons for maize production. This study provides strong evidence that maize productivity can be effectively improved in Ethiopia and other similar areas ofthe world using this simple and cost‐effective technology. |
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| AbstractList | Improving productivity of maize (Zea mays L.) and water use efficiency is of great significance for agriculture in Ethiopia. In this study, the effects of ridge‐furrow with film mulch cultivation were tested on maize yields in Melkassa, Ethiopia. Three field experiments (drip irrigation, furrow irrigation and rainfed) were conducted each with randomised complete block design with three replicates. The drip irrigation experiment was conducted in the dry season and constituted three film mulch methods (non‐mulch, transparent film mulch and black film mulch) with three irrigation levels (357, 435 and 515 mm). The furrow irrigation experiment was also conducted in the dry season and constituted two film mulches (non‐mulch and transparent film mulch) with three irrigation levels (484, 674 and 865 mm). The rainfed experiment was conducted in the rainy season and constituted three mulches (non‐mulch, transparent film mulch and black film mulch) with two farming methods (ridge‐furrow farming and flat farming). In the drip irrigation experiment, the highest maize yields (5.9 ± 0.6 t ha⁻¹) and irrigation water use efficiency (9.6 ± 1 kg ha⁻¹ mm⁻¹) were recorded in the treatment using black film mulch with high irrigation, with increases of 68% and 68.4% compared to using non‐mulch treatment at that irrigation level. In the furrow irrigation experiment, maize yields and irrigation water use efficiency reached 7 (± 0.8) t ha⁻¹ and 9.1 (± 1.9) kg ha⁻¹ mm⁻¹ in the treatment using transparent film mulch with medium irrigation (674 mm), with increases of 46% and 46.8% compared to that with non‐mulch treatment. In the rainfed experiment, the film mulch rather than farming method had positive effects on the maize yields and rainwater use efficiency. The average maize yield reached 8.5 (± 0.7) t ha⁻¹ in the film mulch treatments, with an increase of 39% than using the non‐mulch treatment. Compared with that of non‐mulch treatment, the net income in the film mulch treatments increased by 94% in the furrow experiment and 31% in the rainfed experiment. Our results indicate that the ridge‐furrow with film mulch system can be recommended for water‐saving irrigation with low cost in dry seasons, and film mulch with flat farming can be recommended in rainy seasons for maize production in Ethiopia. This study provides strong evidence that maize productivity can be effectively improved in Ethiopia and other similar areas of the world using this simple and cost‐effective technology. Improving productivity of maize ( Zea mays L.) and water use efficiency is of great significance for agriculture in Ethiopia. In this study, the effects of ridge‐furrow with film mulch cultivation were tested on maize yields in Melkassa, Ethiopia. Three field experiments (drip irrigation, furrow irrigation and rainfed) were conducted each with randomised complete block design with three replicates. The drip irrigation experiment was conducted in the dry season and constituted three film mulch methods (non‐mulch, transparent film mulch and black film mulch) with three irrigation levels (357, 435 and 515 mm). The furrow irrigation experiment was also conducted in the dry season and constituted two film mulches (non‐mulch and transparent film mulch) with three irrigation levels (484, 674 and 865 mm). The rainfed experiment was conducted in the rainy season and constituted three mulches (non‐mulch, transparent film mulch and black film mulch) with two farming methods (ridge‐furrow farming and flat farming). In the drip irrigation experiment, the highest maize yields (5.9 ± 0.6 t ha −1 ) and irrigation water use efficiency (9.6 ± 1 kg ha −1 mm −1 ) were recorded in the treatment using black film mulch with high irrigation, with increases of 68% and 68.4% compared to using non‐mulch treatment at that irrigation level. In the furrow irrigation experiment, maize yields and irrigation water use efficiency reached 7 (± 0.8) t ha −1 and 9.1 (± 1.9) kg ha −1 mm −1 in the treatment using transparent film mulch with medium irrigation (674 mm), with increases of 46% and 46.8% compared to that with non‐mulch treatment. In the rainfed experiment, the film mulch rather than farming method had positive effects on the maize yields and rainwater use efficiency. The average maize yield reached 8.5 (± 0.7) t ha −1 in the film mulch treatments, with an increase of 39% than using the non‐mulch treatment. Compared with that of non‐mulch treatment, the net income in the film mulch treatments increased by 94% in the furrow experiment and 31% in the rainfed experiment. Our results indicate that the ridge‐furrow with film mulch system can be recommended for water‐saving irrigation with low cost in dry seasons, and film mulch with flat farming can be recommended in rainy seasons for maize production in Ethiopia. This study provides strong evidence that maize productivity can be effectively improved in Ethiopia and other similar areas of the world using this simple and cost‐effective technology. Improving productivity of maize (Zea mays L.) and water use efficiency is of great significance for agriculture in Ethiopia. In this study, the effects of ridge‐furrow with film mulch cultivation were tested on maize yields in Melkassa, Ethiopia. Three field experiments (drip irrigation, furrow irrigation and rainfed) were conducted each with randomised complete block design with three replicates. The drip irrigation experiment was conducted in the dry season and constituted three film mulch methods (non‐mulch, transparent film mulch and black film mulch) with three irrigation levels (357, 435 and 515 mm). The furrow irrigation experiment was also conducted in the dry season and constituted two film mulches (non‐mulch and transparent film mulch) with three irrigation levels (484, 674 and 865 mm). The rainfed experiment was conducted in the rainy season and constituted three mulches (non‐mulch, transparent film mulch and black film mulch) with two farming methods (ridge‐furrow farming and flat farming). In the drip irrigation experiment, the highest maize yields (5.9 ± 0.6 t ha−1) and irrigation water use efficiency (9.6 ± 1 kg ha−1 mm−1) were recorded in the treatment using black film mulch with high irrigation, with increases of 68% and 68.4% compared to using non‐mulch treatment at that irrigation level. In the furrow irrigation experiment, maize yields and irrigation water use efficiency reached 7 (± 0.8) t ha−1 and 9.1 (± 1.9) kg ha−1 mm−1 in the treatment using transparent film mulch with medium irrigation (674 mm), with increases of 46% and 46.8% compared to that with non‐mulch treatment. In the rainfed experiment, the film mulch rather than farming method had positive effects on the maize yields and rainwater use efficiency. The average maize yield reached 8.5 (± 0.7) t ha−1 in the film mulch treatments, with an increase of 39% than using the non‐mulch treatment. Compared with that of non‐mulch treatment, the net income in the film mulch treatments increased by 94% in the furrow experiment and 31% in the rainfed experiment. Our results indicate that the ridge‐furrow with film mulch system can be recommended for water‐saving irrigation with low cost in dry seasons, and film mulch with flat farming can be recommended in rainy seasons for maize production in Ethiopia. This study provides strong evidence that maize productivity can be effectively improved in Ethiopia and other similar areas of the world using this simple and cost‐effective technology. The effects of ridge‐furrow with film mulch cultivation were tested on maize yields in Ethiopia. Three field experiments (drip irrigation, furrowirrigation and rainfed) were conducted each with randomized complete block design. Our results indicate that the ridge‐furrow with film mulch system can be recommended for water‐saving irrigation with low cost in dryseasons, and film mulch with flat farming can be recommended in rainy seasons for maize production. This study provides strong evidence that maize productivity can be effectively improved in Ethiopia and other similar areas ofthe world using this simple and cost‐effective technology. Improving productivity of maize (Zea mays L.) and water use efficiency is of great significance for agriculture in Ethiopia. In this study, the effects of ridge‐furrow with film mulch cultivation were tested on maize yields in Melkassa, Ethiopia. Three field experiments (drip irrigation, furrow irrigation and rainfed) were conducted each with randomised complete block design with three replicates. The drip irrigation experiment was conducted in the dry season and constituted three film mulch methods (non‐mulch, transparent film mulch and black film mulch) with three irrigation levels (357, 435 and 515 mm). The furrow irrigation experiment was also conducted in the dry season and constituted two film mulches (non‐mulch and transparent film mulch) with three irrigation levels (484, 674 and 865 mm). The rainfed experiment was conducted in the rainy season and constituted three mulches (non‐mulch, transparent film mulch and black film mulch) with two farming methods (ridge‐furrow farming and flat farming). In the drip irrigation experiment, the highest maize yields (5.9 ± 0.6 t ha−1) and irrigation water use efficiency (9.6 ± 1 kg ha−1 mm−1) were recorded in the treatment using black film mulch with high irrigation, with increases of 68% and 68.4% compared to using non‐mulch treatment at that irrigation level. In the furrow irrigation experiment, maize yields and irrigation water use efficiency reached 7 (± 0.8) t ha−1 and 9.1 (± 1.9) kg ha−1 mm−1 in the treatment using transparent film mulch with medium irrigation (674 mm), with increases of 46% and 46.8% compared to that with non‐mulch treatment. In the rainfed experiment, the film mulch rather than farming method had positive effects on the maize yields and rainwater use efficiency. The average maize yield reached 8.5 (± 0.7) t ha−1 in the film mulch treatments, with an increase of 39% than using the non‐mulch treatment. Compared with that of non‐mulch treatment, the net income in the film mulch treatments increased by 94% in the furrow experiment and 31% in the rainfed experiment. Our results indicate that the ridge‐furrow with film mulch system can be recommended for water‐saving irrigation with low cost in dry seasons, and film mulch with flat farming can be recommended in rainy seasons for maize production in Ethiopia. This study provides strong evidence that maize productivity can be effectively improved in Ethiopia and other similar areas of the world using this simple and cost‐effective technology. |
| Author | Yuan, Zi‐Qiang Abera, Dejene Ashraf, Muhammad Gao, Ben‐Qiang Ayana, Getachew Wang, Bin‐Xian Zhang, Rong Li, Feng‐Min |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Zi‐Qiang surname: Yuan fullname: Yuan, Zi‐Qiang organization: Northwest Institute of Eco‐Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences – sequence: 2 givenname: Rong surname: Zhang fullname: Zhang, Rong email: rongz@lzu.edu.cn organization: Institute of Arid Agroecology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University – sequence: 3 givenname: Bin‐Xian surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Bin‐Xian organization: Institute of Arid Agroecology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University – sequence: 4 givenname: Ben‐Qiang surname: Gao fullname: Gao, Ben‐Qiang organization: Institute of Arid Agroecology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University – sequence: 5 givenname: Getachew surname: Ayana fullname: Ayana, Getachew organization: Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR) – sequence: 6 givenname: Dejene surname: Abera fullname: Abera, Dejene organization: Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR) – sequence: 7 givenname: Muhammad surname: Ashraf fullname: Ashraf, Muhammad organization: The University of Lahore – sequence: 8 givenname: Feng‐Min orcidid: 0000-0002-2144-3498 surname: Li fullname: Li, Feng‐Min email: fmli@lzu.edu.cn organization: Institute of Arid Agroecology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University |
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| Snippet | Improving productivity of maize (Zea mays L.) and water use efficiency is of great significance for agriculture in Ethiopia. In this study, the effects of... Improving productivity of maize ( Zea mays L.) and water use efficiency is of great significance for agriculture in Ethiopia. In this study, the effects of... |
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| SubjectTerms | Agricultural economics Agricultural practices Corn cost effectiveness Crop production Crop yield Cultivation Drip irrigation Dry season Efficiency Ethiopia Experiments Farming Field tests Furrow irrigation furrows income Irrigation Irrigation efficiency irrigation rates Irrigation water microirrigation Mulches Productivity rain Rain water Rainy season Seasons Water conservation Water use Water use efficiency wet season yield Zea mays |
| Title | Film mulch with irrigation and rainfed cultivations improves maize production and water use efficiency in Ethiopia |
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