Revolutionary approach to risk assessment utilization of oxidized agricultural waste as inexpensive adsorbents in tannery effluent: a kinetic investigation

The production of leather requires extensive water usage, resulting in serious liquid waste, as leather tannery wastewater (LTW) is often discharged directly into the environment. Releasing polluted LTW straight into the environment leads to the buildup of many harmful substances, like heavy metals,...

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Published inEnvironmental monitoring and assessment Vol. 197; no. 8; p. 894
Main Authors Elsayed, Hamed, Tohamy, Hebat-Allah S., El-Sakhawy, Mohamed, El-Khateeb, M. A., Nashy, El-Shahat H. A.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Cham Springer International Publishing 10.07.2025
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects
Adsorbents
Adsorption
Agricultural wastes
Agriculture
Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution
Biodegradation
Byproducts
Carbohydrates
Cellulose
Chemical oxygen demand
Chromium
Contaminants
Dyes
Earth and Environmental Science
Ecology
Ecotoxicology
Effluent treatment
Effluents
Environment
Environmental conditions
Environmental Management
Heavy metals
Industrial Waste - analysis
Industrial wastes
Industrial wastewater
Isotherms
Kinetics
Leather
Leather & leather products
Liquid wastes
Monitoring/Environmental Analysis
Oxidation
Oxidation-Reduction
Pollutants
Risk Assessment
Shellac
Surface water
Tannery wastes
Tanning
Textile industry wastewaters
Waste Disposal, Fluid - methods
Wastewater
Wastewater - chemistry
Wastewater treatment
Water consumption
Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis
Water Pollutants, Chemical - chemistry
Water use
Egypt
COD
Toxic substances
Wastewater treatment
BOD
Tannery wet-finishing effluent
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Abstract The production of leather requires extensive water usage, resulting in serious liquid waste, as leather tannery wastewater (LTW) is often discharged directly into the environment. Releasing polluted LTW straight into the environment leads to the buildup of many harmful substances, like heavy metals, dyes, dirt, chemicals, and oils, which can be dangerous for the environment and human health. Among effective wastewater treatments, adsorption is a recognized method capable of treating a diverse array of contaminants in wastewater. Among the novel and new adsorption substrates employed, dialdehyde Shellac (DAS) and dialdehyde Cellulose (DAC) have consistently demonstrated exceptional performance. This study aimed to improve the efficiency of TW treatment by using new oxidized natural byproducts to create dialdehyde compounds, DAS and DAC, and to investigate these compounds. Oxidation increases the by-product’s functional active sites and groups, making it easier to absorb heavy metals and toxic chemicals from tannery effluent. DAS evaluation shows high-quality treated effluent; the residual COD, BOD, and TSS were 225, 119, and 30 mg/L which represent 95.51%, 98.11%, and 98.82% removal rates, respectively. The most unpleasant element, chromium, was eliminated at a rate of 98.92%, dropping from 280 to 3 mg/L. DAC had residual COD, BOD, and TSS values of 380, 985, and 90 mg/L (80.1%, 84.36%, and 96.42% removal), respectively. The pseudo-second order model suited the adsorption data better than the pseudo-first order model for all samples, with R 2 values between 1.0 and 0.999. The Elovich equation better fits adsorption, with R 2 values between 0.936 and 0.965. The Freundlich isotherm model matches adsorption data better than other isotherm models due to its higher coefficient of determination. This study suggests modifying natural wastes to improve industrial wastewater absorption while being cheap and sustainable. By comparing our work to the literature on TW, we are able to draw out areas that may be the subject of future research and highlight areas that require additional examination. Graphical Abstract
AbstractList The production of leather requires extensive water usage, resulting in serious liquid waste, as leather tannery wastewater (LTW) is often discharged directly into the environment. Releasing polluted LTW straight into the environment leads to the buildup of many harmful substances, like heavy metals, dyes, dirt, chemicals, and oils, which can be dangerous for the environment and human health. Among effective wastewater treatments, adsorption is a recognized method capable of treating a diverse array of contaminants in wastewater. Among the novel and new adsorption substrates employed, dialdehyde Shellac (DAS) and dialdehyde Cellulose (DAC) have consistently demonstrated exceptional performance. This study aimed to improve the efficiency of TW treatment by using new oxidized natural byproducts to create dialdehyde compounds, DAS and DAC, and to investigate these compounds. Oxidation increases the by-product's functional active sites and groups, making it easier to absorb heavy metals and toxic chemicals from tannery effluent. DAS evaluation shows high-quality treated effluent; the residual COD, BOD, and TSS were 225, 119, and 30 mg/L which represent 95.51%, 98.11%, and 98.82% removal rates, respectively. The most unpleasant element, chromium, was eliminated at a rate of 98.92%, dropping from 280 to 3 mg/L. DAC had residual COD, BOD, and TSS values of 380, 985, and 90 mg/L (80.1%, 84.36%, and 96.42% removal), respectively. The pseudo-second order model suited the adsorption data better than the pseudo-first order model for all samples, with R values between 1.0 and 0.999. The Elovich equation better fits adsorption, with R values between 0.936 and 0.965. The Freundlich isotherm model matches adsorption data better than other isotherm models due to its higher coefficient of determination. This study suggests modifying natural wastes to improve industrial wastewater absorption while being cheap and sustainable. By comparing our work to the literature on TW, we are able to draw out areas that may be the subject of future research and highlight areas that require additional examination.
The production of leather requires extensive water usage, resulting in serious liquid waste, as leather tannery wastewater (LTW) is often discharged directly into the environment. Releasing polluted LTW straight into the environment leads to the buildup of many harmful substances, like heavy metals, dyes, dirt, chemicals, and oils, which can be dangerous for the environment and human health. Among effective wastewater treatments, adsorption is a recognized method capable of treating a diverse array of contaminants in wastewater. Among the novel and new adsorption substrates employed, dialdehyde Shellac (DAS) and dialdehyde Cellulose (DAC) have consistently demonstrated exceptional performance. This study aimed to improve the efficiency of TW treatment by using new oxidized natural byproducts to create dialdehyde compounds, DAS and DAC, and to investigate these compounds. Oxidation increases the by-product’s functional active sites and groups, making it easier to absorb heavy metals and toxic chemicals from tannery effluent. DAS evaluation shows high-quality treated effluent; the residual COD, BOD, and TSS were 225, 119, and 30 mg/L which represent 95.51%, 98.11%, and 98.82% removal rates, respectively. The most unpleasant element, chromium, was eliminated at a rate of 98.92%, dropping from 280 to 3 mg/L. DAC had residual COD, BOD, and TSS values of 380, 985, and 90 mg/L (80.1%, 84.36%, and 96.42% removal), respectively. The pseudo-second order model suited the adsorption data better than the pseudo-first order model for all samples, with R2 values between 1.0 and 0.999. The Elovich equation better fits adsorption, with R2 values between 0.936 and 0.965. The Freundlich isotherm model matches adsorption data better than other isotherm models due to its higher coefficient of determination. This study suggests modifying natural wastes to improve industrial wastewater absorption while being cheap and sustainable. By comparing our work to the literature on TW, we are able to draw out areas that may be the subject of future research and highlight areas that require additional examination.
The production of leather requires extensive water usage, resulting in serious liquid waste, as leather tannery wastewater (LTW) is often discharged directly into the environment. Releasing polluted LTW straight into the environment leads to the buildup of many harmful substances, like heavy metals, dyes, dirt, chemicals, and oils, which can be dangerous for the environment and human health. Among effective wastewater treatments, adsorption is a recognized method capable of treating a diverse array of contaminants in wastewater. Among the novel and new adsorption substrates employed, dialdehyde Shellac (DAS) and dialdehyde Cellulose (DAC) have consistently demonstrated exceptional performance. This study aimed to improve the efficiency of TW treatment by using new oxidized natural byproducts to create dialdehyde compounds, DAS and DAC, and to investigate these compounds. Oxidation increases the by-product's functional active sites and groups, making it easier to absorb heavy metals and toxic chemicals from tannery effluent. DAS evaluation shows high-quality treated effluent; the residual COD, BOD, and TSS were 225, 119, and 30 mg/L which represent 95.51%, 98.11%, and 98.82% removal rates, respectively. The most unpleasant element, chromium, was eliminated at a rate of 98.92%, dropping from 280 to 3 mg/L. DAC had residual COD, BOD, and TSS values of 380, 985, and 90 mg/L (80.1%, 84.36%, and 96.42% removal), respectively. The pseudo-second order model suited the adsorption data better than the pseudo-first order model for all samples, with R2 values between 1.0 and 0.999. The Elovich equation better fits adsorption, with R2 values between 0.936 and 0.965. The Freundlich isotherm model matches adsorption data better than other isotherm models due to its higher coefficient of determination. This study suggests modifying natural wastes to improve industrial wastewater absorption while being cheap and sustainable. By comparing our work to the literature on TW, we are able to draw out areas that may be the subject of future research and highlight areas that require additional examination.The production of leather requires extensive water usage, resulting in serious liquid waste, as leather tannery wastewater (LTW) is often discharged directly into the environment. Releasing polluted LTW straight into the environment leads to the buildup of many harmful substances, like heavy metals, dyes, dirt, chemicals, and oils, which can be dangerous for the environment and human health. Among effective wastewater treatments, adsorption is a recognized method capable of treating a diverse array of contaminants in wastewater. Among the novel and new adsorption substrates employed, dialdehyde Shellac (DAS) and dialdehyde Cellulose (DAC) have consistently demonstrated exceptional performance. This study aimed to improve the efficiency of TW treatment by using new oxidized natural byproducts to create dialdehyde compounds, DAS and DAC, and to investigate these compounds. Oxidation increases the by-product's functional active sites and groups, making it easier to absorb heavy metals and toxic chemicals from tannery effluent. DAS evaluation shows high-quality treated effluent; the residual COD, BOD, and TSS were 225, 119, and 30 mg/L which represent 95.51%, 98.11%, and 98.82% removal rates, respectively. The most unpleasant element, chromium, was eliminated at a rate of 98.92%, dropping from 280 to 3 mg/L. DAC had residual COD, BOD, and TSS values of 380, 985, and 90 mg/L (80.1%, 84.36%, and 96.42% removal), respectively. The pseudo-second order model suited the adsorption data better than the pseudo-first order model for all samples, with R2 values between 1.0 and 0.999. The Elovich equation better fits adsorption, with R2 values between 0.936 and 0.965. The Freundlich isotherm model matches adsorption data better than other isotherm models due to its higher coefficient of determination. This study suggests modifying natural wastes to improve industrial wastewater absorption while being cheap and sustainable. By comparing our work to the literature on TW, we are able to draw out areas that may be the subject of future research and highlight areas that require additional examination.
The production of leather requires extensive water usage, resulting in serious liquid waste, as leather tannery wastewater (LTW) is often discharged directly into the environment. Releasing polluted LTW straight into the environment leads to the buildup of many harmful substances, like heavy metals, dyes, dirt, chemicals, and oils, which can be dangerous for the environment and human health. Among effective wastewater treatments, adsorption is a recognized method capable of treating a diverse array of contaminants in wastewater. Among the novel and new adsorption substrates employed, dialdehyde Shellac (DAS) and dialdehyde Cellulose (DAC) have consistently demonstrated exceptional performance. This study aimed to improve the efficiency of TW treatment by using new oxidized natural byproducts to create dialdehyde compounds, DAS and DAC, and to investigate these compounds. Oxidation increases the by-product’s functional active sites and groups, making it easier to absorb heavy metals and toxic chemicals from tannery effluent. DAS evaluation shows high-quality treated effluent; the residual COD, BOD, and TSS were 225, 119, and 30 mg/L which represent 95.51%, 98.11%, and 98.82% removal rates, respectively. The most unpleasant element, chromium, was eliminated at a rate of 98.92%, dropping from 280 to 3 mg/L. DAC had residual COD, BOD, and TSS values of 380, 985, and 90 mg/L (80.1%, 84.36%, and 96.42% removal), respectively. The pseudo-second order model suited the adsorption data better than the pseudo-first order model for all samples, with R 2 values between 1.0 and 0.999. The Elovich equation better fits adsorption, with R 2 values between 0.936 and 0.965. The Freundlich isotherm model matches adsorption data better than other isotherm models due to its higher coefficient of determination. This study suggests modifying natural wastes to improve industrial wastewater absorption while being cheap and sustainable. By comparing our work to the literature on TW, we are able to draw out areas that may be the subject of future research and highlight areas that require additional examination. Graphical Abstract
ArticleNumber 894
Author El-Khateeb, M. A.
Elsayed, Hamed
Nashy, El-Shahat H. A.
El-Sakhawy, Mohamed
Tohamy, Hebat-Allah S.
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  orcidid: 0000-0002-6463-258X
  surname: Elsayed
  fullname: Elsayed, Hamed
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  organization: Chemistry of Tanning Materials and Leather Technology Department, Chemical Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Hebat-Allah S.
  orcidid: 0000-0001-5494-841X
  surname: Tohamy
  fullname: Tohamy, Hebat-Allah S.
  organization: Cellulose and Paper Department, Chemical Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Mohamed
  orcidid: 0000-0002-5095-3112
  surname: El-Sakhawy
  fullname: El-Sakhawy, Mohamed
  organization: Cellulose and Paper Department, Chemical Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre
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  givenname: M. A.
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  surname: Nashy
  fullname: Nashy, El-Shahat H. A.
  email: elshhat17@yahoo.com
  organization: Chemistry of Tanning Materials and Leather Technology Department, Chemical Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/40637945$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Wed Aug 13 02:12:34 EDT 2025
Thu Aug 14 00:09:45 EDT 2025
Tue Aug 12 01:10:37 EDT 2025
IsPeerReviewed true
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Issue 8
Keywords COD
Toxic substances
Wastewater treatment
BOD
Tannery wet-finishing effluent
Language English
License 2025. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
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Snippet The production of leather requires extensive water usage, resulting in serious liquid waste, as leather tannery wastewater (LTW) is often discharged directly...
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SubjectTerms Adsorbents
Adsorption
Agricultural wastes
Agriculture
Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution
Biodegradation
Byproducts
Carbohydrates
Cellulose
Chemical oxygen demand
Chromium
Contaminants
Dyes
Earth and Environmental Science
Ecology
Ecotoxicology
Effluent treatment
Effluents
Environment
Environmental conditions
Environmental Management
Heavy metals
Industrial Waste - analysis
Industrial wastes
Industrial wastewater
Isotherms
Kinetics
Leather
Leather & leather products
Liquid wastes
Monitoring/Environmental Analysis
Oxidation
Oxidation-Reduction
Pollutants
Risk Assessment
Shellac
Surface water
Tannery wastes
Tanning
Textile industry wastewaters
Waste Disposal, Fluid - methods
Wastewater
Wastewater - chemistry
Wastewater treatment
Water consumption
Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis
Water Pollutants, Chemical - chemistry
Water use
Title Revolutionary approach to risk assessment utilization of oxidized agricultural waste as inexpensive adsorbents in tannery effluent: a kinetic investigation
URI https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10661-025-14340-8
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/40637945
https://www.proquest.com/docview/3228946895
https://www.proquest.com/docview/3228829306
Volume 197
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