Semiconductor metal oxide gas sensors: A review

•Sensitivity, Selectivity and stability of Semiconductor Metal Oxide (SMO) gas sensors are studied.•Properties and gas sensing mechanisms of SMOs are discussed in detail.•Mechanisms of dopant induced variations in SMOs to improve the gas sensing properties are reviewed. This review paper encompasses...

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Published in	Materials science & engineering. B, Solid-state materials for advanced technology Vol. 229; pp. 206 - 217
Main Author	Dey, Ananya
Format	Journal Article
Language	English
Published	Lausanne Elsevier B.V 01.03.2018 Elsevier BV
Subjects	Ammonia Ammonia sensing Defects Detection Dopant induced variations Dopants Electronic structure Gas sensors Heterojunctions Metal oxides Nanowires Parameter sensitivity Selectivity Semiconductor metal oxide Sensitivity Sensors Solid solutions Stability Types of gas sensors Semiconductor metal oxide Sensitivity Stability Ammonia sensing Types of gas sensors Selectivity Dopant induced variations
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Abstract	•Sensitivity, Selectivity and stability of Semiconductor Metal Oxide (SMO) gas sensors are studied.•Properties and gas sensing mechanisms of SMOs are discussed in detail.•Mechanisms of dopant induced variations in SMOs to improve the gas sensing properties are reviewed. This review paper encompasses a detailed study of semiconductor metal oxide (SMO) gas sensors. It provides for a detailed comparison of SMO gas sensors with other gas sensors, especially for ammonia gas sensing. Different parameters which affect the performance (sensitivity, selectivity and stability) of SMO gas sensors are discussed here under. This paper also gives an insight about the dopant or impurity induced variations in the SMO materials used for gas sensing. It is concluded that dopants enhance the properties of SMOs for gas sensing applications by changing their microstructure and morphology, activation energy, electronic structure or band gap of the metal oxides. In some cases, dopants create defects in SMOs by generating oxygen vacancy or by forming solid solutions. These defects enhance the gas sensing properties. Different nanostructures (nanowires, nanotubes, heterojunctions), other than nanopowders have also been studied in this review. At the end, examples of SMOs are given to illustrate the potential use of different SMO materials for gas sensing.
AbstractList	•Sensitivity, Selectivity and stability of Semiconductor Metal Oxide (SMO) gas sensors are studied.•Properties and gas sensing mechanisms of SMOs are discussed in detail.•Mechanisms of dopant induced variations in SMOs to improve the gas sensing properties are reviewed. This review paper encompasses a detailed study of semiconductor metal oxide (SMO) gas sensors. It provides for a detailed comparison of SMO gas sensors with other gas sensors, especially for ammonia gas sensing. Different parameters which affect the performance (sensitivity, selectivity and stability) of SMO gas sensors are discussed here under. This paper also gives an insight about the dopant or impurity induced variations in the SMO materials used for gas sensing. It is concluded that dopants enhance the properties of SMOs for gas sensing applications by changing their microstructure and morphology, activation energy, electronic structure or band gap of the metal oxides. In some cases, dopants create defects in SMOs by generating oxygen vacancy or by forming solid solutions. These defects enhance the gas sensing properties. Different nanostructures (nanowires, nanotubes, heterojunctions), other than nanopowders have also been studied in this review. At the end, examples of SMOs are given to illustrate the potential use of different SMO materials for gas sensing. This review paper encompasses a detailed study of semiconductor metal oxide (SMO) gas sensors. It provides for a detailed comparison of SMO gas sensors with other gas sensors, especially for ammonia gas sensing. Different parameters which affect the performance (sensitivity, selectivity and stability) of SMO gas sensors are discussed here under. This paper also gives an insight about the dopant or impurity induced variations in the SMO materials used for gas sensing. It is concluded that dopants enhance the properties of SMOs for gas sensing applications by changing their microstructure and morphology, activation energy, electronic structure or band gap of the metal oxides. In some cases, dopants create defects in SMOs by generating oxygen vacancy or by forming solid solutions. These defects enhance the gas sensing properties. Different nanostructures (nanowires, nanotubes, heterojunctions), other than nanopowders have also been studied in this review. At the end, examples of SMOs are given to illustrate the potential use of different SMO materials for gas sensing.
Author	Dey, Ananya
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Ananya surname: Dey fullname: Dey, Ananya email: ananya.dey@nmims.edu organization: NMIMS Mukesh Patel School of Technology Management & Engineering, Mumbai, India
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Snippet	•Sensitivity, Selectivity and stability of Semiconductor Metal Oxide (SMO) gas sensors are studied.•Properties and gas sensing mechanisms of SMOs are discussed... This review paper encompasses a detailed study of semiconductor metal oxide (SMO) gas sensors. It provides for a detailed comparison of SMO gas sensors with...
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SubjectTerms	Ammonia Ammonia sensing Defects Detection Dopant induced variations Dopants Electronic structure Gas sensors Heterojunctions Metal oxides Nanowires Parameter sensitivity Selectivity Semiconductor metal oxide Sensitivity Sensors Solid solutions Stability Types of gas sensors
Title	Semiconductor metal oxide gas sensors: A review
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