High performance metal microstructure for carbon-based transparent conducting electrodes
In this work, a metal busbar microstructure is introduced to decrease the effective sheet resistance of both graphene and carbon nanotube films to a value suitable for use as transparent conducting electrodes (TCEs). The proposed busbar architecture, implemented with Cu, theoretically can reduce the...
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Published in | Thin solid films Vol. 520; no. 15; pp. 4827 - 4830 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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Amsterdam
Elsevier B.V
31.05.2012
Elsevier |
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Abstract | In this work, a metal busbar microstructure is introduced to decrease the effective sheet resistance of both graphene and carbon nanotube films to a value suitable for use as transparent conducting electrodes (TCEs). The proposed busbar architecture, implemented with Cu, theoretically can reduce the sheet resistance by a factor of 1000, while yet limiting the optical absorption to 4%. Experimental sheet resistance and optical transparency data are presented for two metals with differing contact resistance (Pd and Cu) and for mono- and multi-layer graphene as well as nanotube films. It is found that the metal busbar microstructure decreases the sheet resistance by a factor of 8 and 70 on graphene and nanotube films respectively, a sufficient resistance reduction to enable utilization as a TCE. The contact resistance between the metal grid and carbon film is believed to limit the ultimate performance. The metal busbar microstructure provides a viable route to the use of carbon films in photovoltaic and display applications.
► A hybrid Transparent Conducting Layer (TCL) for Solar Cells is fabricated. ► The TCL consists of metal busbar+fingers overlaying graphene or a nanotube matrix. ► Graphene film sheet resistance was decreased to 20Ω/□ at 90% transmittance. ► Nanotube film sheet resistance was decreased to 5Ω/□ at 70% transmittance. ► This hybrid TCL can be used in photovoltaic and display applications. |
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AbstractList | In this work, a metal busbar microstructure is introduced to decrease the effective sheet resistance of both graphene and carbon nanotube films to a value suitable for use as transparent conducting electrodes (TCEs). The proposed busbar architecture, implemented with Cu, theoretically can reduce the sheet resistance by a factor of 1000, while yet limiting the optical absorption to 4%. Experimental sheet resistance and optical transparency data are presented for two metals with differing contact resistance (Pd and Cu) and for mono- and multi-layer graphene as well as nanotube films. It is found that the metal busbar microstructure decreases the sheet resistance by a factor of 8 and 70 on graphene and nanotube films respectively, a sufficient resistance reduction to enable utilization as a TCE. The contact resistance between the metal grid and carbon film is believed to limit the ultimate performance. The metal busbar microstructure provides a viable route to the use of carbon films in photovoltaic and display applications.
► A hybrid Transparent Conducting Layer (TCL) for Solar Cells is fabricated. ► The TCL consists of metal busbar+fingers overlaying graphene or a nanotube matrix. ► Graphene film sheet resistance was decreased to 20Ω/□ at 90% transmittance. ► Nanotube film sheet resistance was decreased to 5Ω/□ at 70% transmittance. ► This hybrid TCL can be used in photovoltaic and display applications. |
Author | El Ashry, Mostafa Bol, Ageeth A. Martyna, Glenn J. Tulevski, George S. Newns, Dennis M. Nistor, Razvan A. Kasry, Amal |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Amal surname: Kasry fullname: Kasry, Amal organization: IBM Research Division, T. J. Watson Research Center, P.O. Box 218, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: Mostafa surname: El Ashry fullname: El Ashry, Mostafa organization: IBM Research Division, T. J. Watson Research Center, P.O. Box 218, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA – sequence: 3 givenname: Razvan A. surname: Nistor fullname: Nistor, Razvan A. organization: IBM Research Division, T. J. Watson Research Center, P.O. Box 218, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA – sequence: 4 givenname: Ageeth A. surname: Bol fullname: Bol, Ageeth A. organization: IBM Research Division, T. J. Watson Research Center, P.O. Box 218, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA – sequence: 5 givenname: George S. surname: Tulevski fullname: Tulevski, George S. organization: IBM Research Division, T. J. Watson Research Center, P.O. Box 218, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA – sequence: 6 givenname: Glenn J. surname: Martyna fullname: Martyna, Glenn J. organization: IBM Research Division, T. J. Watson Research Center, P.O. Box 218, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA – sequence: 7 givenname: Dennis M. surname: Newns fullname: Newns, Dennis M. email: dennisn@us.ibm.com organization: IBM Research Division, T. J. Watson Research Center, P.O. Box 218, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA |
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CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1039_c3ee23586f crossref_primary_10_1016_j_mtsust_2022_100233 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_tsf_2014_02_002 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_carbon_2016_02_024 crossref_primary_10_1002_pssa_201228089 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_carbon_2019_08_038 crossref_primary_10_1038_ncomms3294 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_tsf_2014_09_009 crossref_primary_10_1051_epjap_2015150336 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10854_016_6170_1 crossref_primary_10_1002_adom_202002102 crossref_primary_10_1155_2016_4928365 |
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Keywords | Transparent conducting electrodes Graphene Nanotubes Photovoltaics Carbon nanotubes Contact resistance Palladium Carbon Photovoltaic cell Thin films Multilayers Sheet resistivity Absorption spectra Copper Microstructure Transparent material Nanostructured materials Optical absorption |
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SubjectTerms | Condensed matter: structure, mechanical and thermal properties Cross-disciplinary physics: materials science; rheology Exact sciences and technology Fullerenes and related materials; diamonds, graphite Graphene Materials science Nanoscale materials and structures: fabrication and characterization Nanotubes Other topics in nanoscale materials and structures Photovoltaics Physics Specific materials Structure and morphology; thickness Surfaces and interfaces; thin films and whiskers (structure and nonelectronic properties) Thin film structure and morphology Transparent conducting electrodes |
Title | High performance metal microstructure for carbon-based transparent conducting electrodes |
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