Voltage-Drop Aware Analytical Placement by Global Power Spreading for Mixed-Size Circuit Designs

• Published in: IEEE transactions on computer-aided design of integrated circuits and systems Vol. 30; no. 11; pp. 1649 - 1662
• Main Authors: Chuang, Yi-Lin, Lee, Po-Wei, Chang, Yao-Wen
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York IEEE 01.11.2011; The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
• Subjects: Analytical models; Circuit design; Design for quality; Electric potential; Handles; Integrated circuit modeling; Layout; Mathematical analysis; Mathematical model; Mathematical models; Optimization; physical design; Placement; power; Spreading; Studies; Violations; Voltage control; Voltage drop
• DOI: 10.1109/TCAD.2011.2163071
• ISSN: 0278-0070

Excessive supply voltage drops in a circuit may lead to significant circuit performance degradation and even malfunction. To handle this problem, existing power delivery aware placement algorithms model voltage drops as an optimization objective. We observe that directly minimizing the voltage drops in the objective function might not resolve voltage-drop violations effectively and might cause problems in power-integrity convergence. To remedy this deficiency, in this paper, we propose new techniques to incorporate device power spreading forces into a mixed-size analytical placement framework. Unlike the state-of-the-art previous work that handles the worst voltage-drop spots one by one, our approach simultaneously and globally spreads all the blocks with voltage-drop violations to desired locations directly to minimize the violations. To apply the power force, we model macro current density and power rails for our placement framework to derive desired macro/cell locations. To further improve the solution quality, we propose an efficient mathematical transformation to adjust the power force direction and magnitude. Experimental results show that our approach can substantially improve the voltage drops, wirelength, and runtime over the previous work.