The potential of self-supervised networks for random noise suppression in seismic data

• Published in: Artificial intelligence in geosciences Vol. 2; pp. 47 - 59
• Main Authors: Birnie, Claire, Ravasi, Matteo, Liu, Sixiu, Alkhalifah, Tariq
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier B.V 01.12.2021; KeAi Communications Co. Ltd
• Subjects: Machine learning; Noise suppression; Self-supervised learning; Machine learning; Self-supervised learning; Noise suppression
• ISSN: 2666-5441; 2666-5441
• DOI: 10.1016/j.aiig.2021.11.001

Noise suppression is an essential step in many seismic processing workflows. A portion of this noise, particularly in land datasets, presents itself as random noise. In recent years, neural networks have been successfully used to denoise seismic data in a supervised fashion. However, supervised learning always comes with the often unachievable requirement of having noisy-clean data pairs for training. Using blind-spot networks, we redefine the denoising task as a self-supervised procedure where the network uses the surrounding noisy samples to estimate the noise-free value of a central sample. Based on the assumption that noise is statistically independent between samples, the network struggles to predict the noise component of the sample due to its randomicity, whilst the signal component is accurately predicted due to its spatio-temporal coherency. Illustrated on synthetic examples, the blind-spot network is shown to be an efficient denoiser of seismic data contaminated by random noise with minimal damage to the signal; therefore, providing improvements in both the image domain and down-the-line tasks, such as post-stack inversion. To conclude our study, the suggested approach is applied to field data and the results are compared with two commonly used random denoising techniques: FX-deconvolution and sparsity-promoting inversion by Curvelet transform. By demonstrating that blind-spot networks are an efficient suppressor of random noise, we believe this is just the beginning of utilising self-supervised learning in seismic applications. •Application of self-supervised deep learning for random noise suppression.•Blind-spot networks shown to effectively reduce white and coloured noise.•SNR improvements seen in the image, frequency and acoustic impedance domains.•Network successfully trained and applied to post-stack field data.•Blind-spot approach comparable to commonly used noise suppression procedures.