Ablation of gap junctional communication in hepatocytes of transgenic mice does not lead to disrupted cellular homeostasis or increased spontaneous tumourigenesis

• Published in: European journal of cell biology Vol. 85; no. 8; pp. 717 - 728
• Main Authors: Ott, Thomas, Jokwitz, Melanie, Lenhard, Diana, Romualdi, Alessandro, Dombrowski, Frank, Ittrich, Carina, Schwarz, Michael, Willecke, Klaus
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Germany Elsevier GmbH 01.08.2006
• Subjects: Animals; Apoptosis - drug effects; Carcinogens - toxicity; Cell Communication - physiology; Cell Proliferation - drug effects; Connexin 26; Connexin26; Connexin32; Connexins - deficiency; Connexins - genetics; Connexins - physiology; Cx26, Connexin26; Cx32, Connexin32; db-cAMP, Dibutyryl 3,5-cyclic adenosine monophosphate; Diethylnitrosamine - pharmacology; Female; Gap Junction beta-1 Protein; Gap junctions; Gap Junctions - genetics; Gap Junctions - physiology; Gene targeting; GJIC, Gap junctional intercellular communication; Hepatocytes - cytology; Hepatocytes - drug effects; Hepatocytes - metabolism; Homeostasis - genetics; Homeostasis - physiology; Immunoblotting; Immunohistochemistry; Liver; Liver - cytology; Liver - drug effects; Liver - metabolism; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental - chemically induced; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental - genetics; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental - pathology; Male; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis - methods; PH, Partial hepatectomy; Proliferation; Connexin26; GJIC, Gap junctional intercellular communication; PH, Partial hepatectomy; Gene targeting; Gap junctions; Liver; Cx26, Connexin26; db-cAMP, Dibutyryl 3,5-cyclic adenosine monophosphate; Connexin32; Proliferation; Cx32, Connexin32
• ISSN: 0171-9335; 1618-1298
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2006.03.004

Gap junctions between murine hepatocytes are composed of two subunit proteins, connexin26 (Cx26) and connexin32 (Cx32). Previously, we found increased formation of chemically induced liver tumours but no increase in spontaneous development of preneoplastic hepatic foci in mice that lacked Cx32 and expressed decreased amounts of Cx26. In order to clarify this tumour-suppressive effect and to overcome embryonic lethality of constitutive Cx26-deficient mice, cell type-specific targeting of the Cx26 gene was performed. Mice with loxP-flanked Cx26 coding DNA were crossed with mice expressing the Cre recombinase exclusively in hepatocytes. Progeny mice lacking Cx26 in the liver were viable and fertile with no obvious signs of phenotypic alterations. To generate mice that totally lack gap junctional intercellular coupling, these mice were crossed with constitutive Cx32-deficient mice. We found no increase in spontaneously induced liver tumour formation in Cx26 and double deficient Cx26/Cx32 mice. Occasionally, double deficient livers exhibited morphological alterations, like amyloidosis, and a slightly increased basal proliferation rate of hepatocytes. Although the absence of gap junction channels led to altered expression of adhesion-related proteins like E-cadherin and actin, microarray analyses of total liver transcripts yielded only few differences between Cx26-deficient and double deficient livers compared to control samples. Our results suggest that total lack of gap junctional communication due to hepatocytic ablation of Cx26 and Cx32 does not drastically alter basal hepatocytic function and does not lead to increased spontaneous liver tumour formation.