Synergistic Activity of Ketoconazole and Miconazole with Prochloraz in Inducing Oxidative Stress, GSH Depletion, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, and Apoptosis in Mouse Sertoli TM4 Cells

• Published in: International journal of molecular sciences Vol. 23; no. 10; p. 5429
• Main Authors: Petricca, Sabrina, Celenza, Giuseppe, Luzi, Carla, Cinque, Benedetta, Lizzi, Anna Rita, Franceschini, Nicola, Festuccia, Claudio, Iorio, Roberto
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 12.05.2022; MDPI
• Subjects: Acetylcysteine; Antifungal agents; Antioxidants; Apoptosis; Azoles; Cell cycle; Cooperation; Cytotoxicity; Depletion; DNA damage; Drugs; Endocrine disruptors; Enzymes; Fertility; Fluconazole; Fungicides; Heterocyclic compounds; Imidazole; Infertility; Ketoconazole; Lipid peroxidation; Males; Miconazole; miconazole and ketoconazole; Mitochondria; mouse Sertoli TM4 cells; Oxidants; Oxidative stress; Oxidizing agents; Pesticides; Pollutants; Prochloraz; Proteins; Sertoli cells; Sperm; Spermatogenesis; Steroids; Superoxide dismutase; synergistic effects; Toxicants; Toxicity; ROS generation and apoptosis; fluconazole; prochloraz; GSH homeostasis; mouse Sertoli TM4 cells; synergistic effects; miconazole and ketoconazole; enzymatic activity; SOD; oxidative stress; mitochondrial activity

Triazole and imidazole fungicides represent an emerging class of pollutants with endocrine-disrupting properties. Concerning mammalian reproduction, a possible causative role of antifungal compounds in inducing toxicity has been reported, although currently, there is little evidence about potential...