Effects of Defrost-Initiation Criteria and Orientations of an Outdoor Heat Exchanger on the Performance of an Automotive Reversible CO2 Heat Pump - Zhang, Wenying; Li, Wenzhe; Hrnjak, Pega (Energies (Basel), 2025)
Keywords: Air conditioning; Air flow; automotive heat pump; CO2; defrost-initiation criteria; Efficiency; frosting and defrosting; Heat exchangers; Humidity; outdoor heat exchanger orientation; Sensors; Systems design; Temperature; Working hours