Digital Subtraction Angiography Use During Epidural Steroid Injections Does Not Reliably Distinguish Artery from Vein

• Published in: Pain physician Vol. 19; no. 4; pp. 255 - 266
• Main Authors: Nagpal, Ameet S, Chang-Chien, George C, Benfield, Jonathan A, Candido, Kenneth D, Rana, Maunak V, Eckmann, Maxim
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States American Society of Interventional Pain Physician 01.05.2016
• Subjects: Anesthesia, Epidural - methods; Anesthesia, Epidural - standards; Angiography, Digital Subtraction - standards; Arteries - diagnostic imaging; Epidural; Humans; Medical imaging; Steroids; Steroids - therapeutic use; Veins - diagnostic imaging

Epidural steroid injections (ESIs) are among the most common procedures performed in an interventional pain management practice. It is well known that tragic complications may arise from ESIs, most commonly those performed using a transforaminal approach. Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) has be...