Transformation of oscillators using Op Amps, unity gain cells and CFOA
The realization of two integrator loop oscillators using Operational Amplifiers (Op Amps) is reviewed and a new additional circuit to provide independent control on the oscillation condition is proposed. Four new grounded capacitor oscillator circuits using unity gain cells and having independent co...
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| Published in | Analog integrated circuits and signal processing Vol. 65; no. 1; pp. 105 - 114 |
|---|---|
| Main Author | |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Boston
Springer US
01.10.2010
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0925-1030 1573-1979 |
| DOI | 10.1007/s10470-010-9458-8 |
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| Abstract | The realization of two integrator loop oscillators using Operational Amplifiers (Op Amps) is reviewed and a new additional circuit to provide independent control on the oscillation condition is proposed. Four new grounded capacitor oscillator circuits using unity gain cells and having independent control on the condition of oscillation and on the frequency of oscillation are introduced. The link between the Op Amp based two integrator loop oscillators and three Current Feedback Operational Amplifier (CFOA) based oscillators is detected and clearly explained. This paper serves also as a tutorial paper in introducing the subject of second order two integrator loop oscillators using state variable matrix equation and Nodal Admittance Matrix (NAM) equation. |
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| AbstractList | The realization of two integrator loop oscillators using Operational Amplifiers (Op Amps) is reviewed and a new additional circuit to provide independent control on the oscillation condition is proposed. Four new grounded capacitor oscillator circuits using unity gain cells and having independent control on the condition of oscillation and on the frequency of oscillation are introduced. The link between the Op Amp based two integrator loop oscillators and three Current Feedback Operational Amplifier (CFOA) based oscillators is detected and clearly explained. This paper serves also as a tutorial paper in introducing the subject of second order two integrator loop oscillators using state variable matrix equation and Nodal Admittance Matrix (NAM) equation. |
| Author | Soliman, Ahmed M. |
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| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1007_s10470_015_0566_3 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_mejo_2010_12_008 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_aeue_2013_03_001 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jare_2012_03_001 crossref_primary_10_1007_s40010_022_00807_7 crossref_primary_10_1142_S0218126613500606 crossref_primary_10_1142_S0218126617500888 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10470_016_0716_2 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00034_011_9353_2 crossref_primary_10_1142_S0218126613500023 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10470_010_9497_1 crossref_primary_10_1142_S0218126619502050 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_aeue_2012_08_012 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_aeue_2017_12_014 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10470_014_0468_9 crossref_primary_10_1155_2013_685939 crossref_primary_10_1142_S0218126611007505 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_aeue_2011_03_010 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11859_019_1394_6 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_mejo_2010_05_009 |
| Cites_doi | 10.1080/00207219408926124 10.1109/ECCTD.2007.4529761 10.1109/JSSC.1971.1049658 10.1049/ip-cds:19960015 10.1109/TCS.1981.1085060 10.1007/s10470-005-0985-7 10.1049/el:19850627 10.1109/TCSI.2006.882815 10.1109/TCS.1985.1085607 10.1016/S0016-0032(97)00044-6 10.1023/A:1008391606459 10.1080/002072196137101 10.1023/A:1016027909401 10.1109/TCSI.2008.916699 10.1109/81.526688 10.1002/cta.432 10.1049/ip-cds:19981667 10.1109/MCAS.2009.934704 10.1049/ip-cds:19971006 10.1007/s10470-009-9432-5 10.1109/TCT.1972.1083470 10.1142/S0218126608004174 10.1109/TCSI.2006.883879 10.1109/81.340855 10.1049/el:19970229 10.1515/FREQ.1988.42.11-12.325 10.1049/ip-cds:19951759 |
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| Keywords | Unity gain cells Two integrator loop oscillators Op Amp Current feedback operational amplifier (CFOA) |
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| References | MartinezPSabadellJAldeaCGrounded resistor controlled sinusoidal oscillator using CFOAsElectronics Letters199733534634710.1049/el:19970229 SenaniRGuptaSSSynthesis of single-resistance-controlled oscillators using CFOAs: Simple state variable approachIEE Proceedings of Circuits Devices Systems1997144210410610.1049/ip-cds:19971006 MillmanJHalkiasCCIntegrated electronics: Analog and digital circuits and systems1972New YorkMcGraw Hill483495 HaighDGA method of transformation from symbolic transfer function to active-RC circuit by admittance matrix expansionIEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I200653122715272810.1109/TCSI.2006.8838792370457 Lindberg, E., Murali, K., Tamasevicius, A., & Wangenheim, L. (2009). An Eigen value study of a double integrator oscillator. In Proceedings of the 20th European Conference on Circuit Theory and Design (ECCCD 09), pp. 217–220. CelmaSMartinezPCarlosenaACurrent feedback amplifiers based sinusoidal oscillatorsIEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems19944190690810.1109/81.340855 HaighDGClarkeTJWRadmorePMSymbolic framework for linear active circuits based on port equivalence using limit variablesIEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I20065392011202410.1109/TCSI.2006.8828152370563 SolimanAMHistory and progress of the Tow Thomas circuit: Part I, generation and Op Amp realizationsJournal of Circuits Systems and Computers200817335410.1142/S0218126608004174 LiuSIShihCSWuDSSinusoidal oscillators with single element control using a current feedback amplifierInternational Journal of Electronics1994771007101310.1080/00207219408926124 BudakANayKOperational amplifier circuits for Wien bridge oscillatorsIEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems19812893093410.1109/TCS.1981.1085060 AwadIASolimanAMOn the voltage mirrors and the current mirrorsAnalog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing2002321798110.1023/A:1016027909401 GuptaSSSenaniRNew single resistance controlled oscillator configurations using unity gain cellsAnalog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing20064611111910.1007/s10470-005-0985-7 SenaniRNew RC-active oscillator configuration employing unity-gain amplifiersElectronics Letters19852188989110.1049/el:19850627 SaadRASolimanAMGeneration, modeling, and analysis of CCII-Based gyrators using the generalized symbolic framework for linear active circuitsInternational Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications20083632893091179.9408610.1002/cta.432 Lindberg, E. (2007). Systematic equation formulation. In Proceedings of the 18th European Conference on Circuit Theory and Design (ECCTD 07), pp. 974–977. SenaniRSinghVKNovel single resistance controlled oscillator configuration using current feedback amplifiersIEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems19964369870010.1109/81.526688 SenaniRSinghVKSynthesis of canonic single resistance controlled oscillators using a single current feedback amplifierIEE Proceedings of Circuits Devices Systems199614371720850.9403510.1049/ip-cds:19960015 SolimanAMNovel oscillator using current and voltage followersJournal of The Franklin Institute19986997100710.1016/S0016-0032(97)00044-6 DostalTInsensitive voltage-mode and current-mode filters from trans-impedance Op AmpsIEE Proceedings of Circuits Devices Systems199514214014310.1049/ip-cds:19951759 Deboo, G. J. (1967). A novel integrator results by grounding its capacitor. Electronic Design, 15. BudakAPetralaDFrequency limitations of active filters using operational amplifiersIEEE Transactions on Circuit Theory19721932232810.1109/TCT.1972.1083470 GuptaSSSenaniRState variable synthesis of single-resistance-controlled grounded capacitor oscillators using only two CFOAsIEE Proceedings of Circuits Devices Systems1998145213513810.1049/ip-cds:19981667 Soliman, A. M. (2009). Generation of current conveyor based oscillators using nodal admittance matrix expansion. Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing. doi:10.1007/s10470-009-9432-5. LiuSITsayJHSingle resistance controlled sinusoidal oscillator using current feedback amplifiersInternational Journal of Electronics19968066166410.1080/002072196137101 SolimanAMApplications of voltage and current unity gain cells in nodal admittance matrix expansionIEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine200994294210.1109/MCAS.2009.934704 SolimanAMAl-ShamaaMHDak Al-BabMActive compensation of RC oscillatorsFrequenz198842325332 Ananda MohanPVRamachandranVSwamyMNSNodal voltage simulation of active RC networksIEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems1985321085108810.1109/TCS.1985.1085607 AndersonBDOOscillator design problemIEEE Journal of Solid State Circuits19716899110.1109/JSSC.1971.1049658 SolimanAMCurrent feedback operational amplifier based oscillatorsAnalog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing2000231455510.1023/A:1008391606459 SedraASSmithKCMicroelectronic circuits19984OxfordOxford University Press973986 StanleyWOperational amplifier with linear integrated circuits1984TorontoMerill Publishing Company231238 SaadRASolimanAMUse of mirror elements in the active device synthesis by admittance matrix expansionIEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I20085592726273510.1109/TCSI.2008.916699 SolimanAMWien oscillators using current feedback Op AmpInternational Journal of Electronics and Communication AEU199751314319 R Senani (9458_CR12) 1997; 144 IA Awad (9458_CR31) 2002; 32 W Stanley (9458_CR3) 1984 AM Soliman (9458_CR6) 1988; 42 9458_CR20 AM Soliman (9458_CR15) 2000; 23 RA Saad (9458_CR29) 2008; 55 A Budak (9458_CR4) 1972; 19 R Senani (9458_CR8) 1996; 143 SI Liu (9458_CR10) 1996; 80 R Senani (9458_CR11) 1996; 43 AM Soliman (9458_CR16) 1997; 51 SS Gupta (9458_CR23) 2006; 46 S Celma (9458_CR9) 1994; 41 SS Gupta (9458_CR13) 1998; 145 DG Haigh (9458_CR26) 2006; 53 A Budak (9458_CR5) 1981; 28 T Dostal (9458_CR25) 1995; 142 AM Soliman (9458_CR19) 2008; 17 AM Soliman (9458_CR24) 2009; 9 R Senani (9458_CR21) 1985; 21 9458_CR30 SI Liu (9458_CR7) 1994; 77 9458_CR32 J Millman (9458_CR2) 1972 DG Haigh (9458_CR27) 2006; 53 BDO Anderson (9458_CR17) 1971; 6 RA Saad (9458_CR28) 2008; 36 PV Ananda Mohan (9458_CR18) 1985; 32 AS Sedra (9458_CR1) 1998 P Martinez (9458_CR14) 1997; 33 AM Soliman (9458_CR22) 1998; 6 9458_CR33 |
| References_xml | – reference: SedraASSmithKCMicroelectronic circuits19984OxfordOxford University Press973986 – reference: GuptaSSSenaniRState variable synthesis of single-resistance-controlled grounded capacitor oscillators using only two CFOAsIEE Proceedings of Circuits Devices Systems1998145213513810.1049/ip-cds:19981667 – reference: Lindberg, E. (2007). Systematic equation formulation. In Proceedings of the 18th European Conference on Circuit Theory and Design (ECCTD 07), pp. 974–977. – reference: SolimanAMHistory and progress of the Tow Thomas circuit: Part I, generation and Op Amp realizationsJournal of Circuits Systems and Computers200817335410.1142/S0218126608004174 – reference: BudakANayKOperational amplifier circuits for Wien bridge oscillatorsIEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems19812893093410.1109/TCS.1981.1085060 – reference: AndersonBDOOscillator design problemIEEE Journal of Solid State Circuits19716899110.1109/JSSC.1971.1049658 – reference: SolimanAMWien oscillators using current feedback Op AmpInternational Journal of Electronics and Communication AEU199751314319 – reference: HaighDGA method of transformation from symbolic transfer function to active-RC circuit by admittance matrix expansionIEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I200653122715272810.1109/TCSI.2006.8838792370457 – reference: Lindberg, E., Murali, K., Tamasevicius, A., & Wangenheim, L. (2009). An Eigen value study of a double integrator oscillator. In Proceedings of the 20th European Conference on Circuit Theory and Design (ECCCD 09), pp. 217–220. – reference: LiuSIShihCSWuDSSinusoidal oscillators with single element control using a current feedback amplifierInternational Journal of Electronics1994771007101310.1080/00207219408926124 – reference: SenaniRGuptaSSSynthesis of single-resistance-controlled oscillators using CFOAs: Simple state variable approachIEE Proceedings of Circuits Devices Systems1997144210410610.1049/ip-cds:19971006 – reference: HaighDGClarkeTJWRadmorePMSymbolic framework for linear active circuits based on port equivalence using limit variablesIEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I20065392011202410.1109/TCSI.2006.8828152370563 – reference: SaadRASolimanAMUse of mirror elements in the active device synthesis by admittance matrix expansionIEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I20085592726273510.1109/TCSI.2008.916699 – reference: BudakAPetralaDFrequency limitations of active filters using operational amplifiersIEEE Transactions on Circuit Theory19721932232810.1109/TCT.1972.1083470 – reference: SenaniRSinghVKSynthesis of canonic single resistance controlled oscillators using a single current feedback amplifierIEE Proceedings of Circuits Devices Systems199614371720850.9403510.1049/ip-cds:19960015 – reference: SolimanAMNovel oscillator using current and voltage followersJournal of The Franklin Institute19986997100710.1016/S0016-0032(97)00044-6 – reference: SenaniRSinghVKNovel single resistance controlled oscillator configuration using current feedback amplifiersIEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems19964369870010.1109/81.526688 – reference: LiuSITsayJHSingle resistance controlled sinusoidal oscillator using current feedback amplifiersInternational Journal of Electronics19968066166410.1080/002072196137101 – reference: Deboo, G. J. (1967). A novel integrator results by grounding its capacitor. Electronic Design, 15. – reference: GuptaSSSenaniRNew single resistance controlled oscillator configurations using unity gain cellsAnalog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing20064611111910.1007/s10470-005-0985-7 – reference: MartinezPSabadellJAldeaCGrounded resistor controlled sinusoidal oscillator using CFOAsElectronics Letters199733534634710.1049/el:19970229 – reference: SenaniRNew RC-active oscillator configuration employing unity-gain amplifiersElectronics Letters19852188989110.1049/el:19850627 – reference: SaadRASolimanAMGeneration, modeling, and analysis of CCII-Based gyrators using the generalized symbolic framework for linear active circuitsInternational Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications20083632893091179.9408610.1002/cta.432 – reference: SolimanAMAl-ShamaaMHDak Al-BabMActive compensation of RC oscillatorsFrequenz198842325332 – reference: AwadIASolimanAMOn the voltage mirrors and the current mirrorsAnalog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing2002321798110.1023/A:1016027909401 – reference: CelmaSMartinezPCarlosenaACurrent feedback amplifiers based sinusoidal oscillatorsIEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems19944190690810.1109/81.340855 – reference: SolimanAMApplications of voltage and current unity gain cells in nodal admittance matrix expansionIEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine200994294210.1109/MCAS.2009.934704 – reference: Ananda MohanPVRamachandranVSwamyMNSNodal voltage simulation of active RC networksIEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems1985321085108810.1109/TCS.1985.1085607 – reference: DostalTInsensitive voltage-mode and current-mode filters from trans-impedance Op AmpsIEE Proceedings of Circuits Devices Systems199514214014310.1049/ip-cds:19951759 – reference: SolimanAMCurrent feedback operational amplifier based oscillatorsAnalog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing2000231455510.1023/A:1008391606459 – reference: MillmanJHalkiasCCIntegrated electronics: Analog and digital circuits and systems1972New YorkMcGraw Hill483495 – reference: Soliman, A. M. (2009). Generation of current conveyor based oscillators using nodal admittance matrix expansion. Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing. doi:10.1007/s10470-009-9432-5. – reference: StanleyWOperational amplifier with linear integrated circuits1984TorontoMerill Publishing Company231238 – volume: 77 start-page: 1007 year: 1994 ident: 9458_CR7 publication-title: International Journal of Electronics doi: 10.1080/00207219408926124 – ident: 9458_CR33 doi: 10.1109/ECCTD.2007.4529761 – volume: 6 start-page: 89 year: 1971 ident: 9458_CR17 publication-title: IEEE Journal of Solid State Circuits doi: 10.1109/JSSC.1971.1049658 – volume: 143 start-page: 71 year: 1996 ident: 9458_CR8 publication-title: IEE Proceedings of Circuits Devices Systems doi: 10.1049/ip-cds:19960015 – volume: 28 start-page: 930 year: 1981 ident: 9458_CR5 publication-title: IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems doi: 10.1109/TCS.1981.1085060 – volume: 46 start-page: 111 year: 2006 ident: 9458_CR23 publication-title: Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing doi: 10.1007/s10470-005-0985-7 – volume: 21 start-page: 889 year: 1985 ident: 9458_CR21 publication-title: Electronics Letters doi: 10.1049/el:19850627 – volume: 53 start-page: 2011 issue: 9 year: 2006 ident: 9458_CR26 publication-title: IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I doi: 10.1109/TCSI.2006.882815 – start-page: 483 volume-title: Integrated electronics: Analog and digital circuits and systems year: 1972 ident: 9458_CR2 – volume: 32 start-page: 1085 year: 1985 ident: 9458_CR18 publication-title: IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems doi: 10.1109/TCS.1985.1085607 – volume: 6 start-page: 997 year: 1998 ident: 9458_CR22 publication-title: Journal of The Franklin Institute doi: 10.1016/S0016-0032(97)00044-6 – start-page: 231 volume-title: Operational amplifier with linear integrated circuits year: 1984 ident: 9458_CR3 – volume: 23 start-page: 45 issue: 1 year: 2000 ident: 9458_CR15 publication-title: Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing doi: 10.1023/A:1008391606459 – volume: 80 start-page: 661 year: 1996 ident: 9458_CR10 publication-title: International Journal of Electronics doi: 10.1080/002072196137101 – volume: 32 start-page: 79 issue: 1 year: 2002 ident: 9458_CR31 publication-title: Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing doi: 10.1023/A:1016027909401 – volume: 51 start-page: 314 year: 1997 ident: 9458_CR16 publication-title: International Journal of Electronics and Communication AEU – volume: 55 start-page: 2726 issue: 9 year: 2008 ident: 9458_CR29 publication-title: IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I doi: 10.1109/TCSI.2008.916699 – start-page: 973 volume-title: Microelectronic circuits year: 1998 ident: 9458_CR1 – volume: 43 start-page: 698 year: 1996 ident: 9458_CR11 publication-title: IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems doi: 10.1109/81.526688 – volume: 36 start-page: 289 issue: 3 year: 2008 ident: 9458_CR28 publication-title: International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications doi: 10.1002/cta.432 – volume: 145 start-page: 135 issue: 2 year: 1998 ident: 9458_CR13 publication-title: IEE Proceedings of Circuits Devices Systems doi: 10.1049/ip-cds:19981667 – volume: 9 start-page: 29 issue: 4 year: 2009 ident: 9458_CR24 publication-title: IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine doi: 10.1109/MCAS.2009.934704 – volume: 144 start-page: 104 issue: 2 year: 1997 ident: 9458_CR12 publication-title: IEE Proceedings of Circuits Devices Systems doi: 10.1049/ip-cds:19971006 – ident: 9458_CR30 doi: 10.1007/s10470-009-9432-5 – volume: 19 start-page: 322 year: 1972 ident: 9458_CR4 publication-title: IEEE Transactions on Circuit Theory doi: 10.1109/TCT.1972.1083470 – volume: 17 start-page: 33 year: 2008 ident: 9458_CR19 publication-title: Journal of Circuits Systems and Computers doi: 10.1142/S0218126608004174 – volume: 53 start-page: 2715 issue: 12 year: 2006 ident: 9458_CR27 publication-title: IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I doi: 10.1109/TCSI.2006.883879 – ident: 9458_CR20 – volume: 41 start-page: 906 year: 1994 ident: 9458_CR9 publication-title: IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems doi: 10.1109/81.340855 – volume: 33 start-page: 346 issue: 5 year: 1997 ident: 9458_CR14 publication-title: Electronics Letters doi: 10.1049/el:19970229 – volume: 42 start-page: 325 year: 1988 ident: 9458_CR6 publication-title: Frequenz doi: 10.1515/FREQ.1988.42.11-12.325 – volume: 142 start-page: 140 year: 1995 ident: 9458_CR25 publication-title: IEE Proceedings of Circuits Devices Systems doi: 10.1049/ip-cds:19951759 – ident: 9458_CR32 |
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| Snippet | The realization of two integrator loop oscillators using Operational Amplifiers (Op Amps) is reviewed and a new additional circuit to provide independent... |
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| SubjectTerms | Amplification Circuits Circuits and Systems Electrical Engineering Engineering Gain Integrators Mathematical analysis Operational amplifiers Oscillations Oscillators Signal,Image and Speech Processing |
| Title | Transformation of oscillators using Op Amps, unity gain cells and CFOA |
| URI | https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10470-010-9458-8 https://www.proquest.com/docview/880648236 |
| Volume | 65 |
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