A critical evaluation of additive blended cashew nut shell liquid blended biodiesel performance in compression ignition engine

• Published in: Environment, development and sustainability Vol. 25; no. 1; pp. 61 - 75
• Main Authors: Senthilkumar, N., Raj, Praveen, Ranjitha, J., Muniappan, A.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Dordrecht Springer Netherlands 01.01.2023; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Additives; Anacardiaceae; Biodiesel fuels; Biofuels; Calorific value; Compression; Consumption; Current Progress on Advanced Technologies for Biofuel Production and Utilisation; Diesel; Diesel engines; Diethyl ether; Earth and Environmental Science; Ecology; Economic Geology; Economic Growth; Efficiency; Emission analysis; Emissions; Emissions control; Energy consumption; Engines; Environment; Environmental Economics; Environmental Management; Fossil fuels; Fuel consumption; Ignition; Injection; Injection molding; Internal combustion engines; Mechanical efficiency; Nuts; Pressure; Response surface methodology; Split-plot design; Sustainable Development; Viscosity; Diethyl ether; Desirability approach; Split-plot RSM design cashew nut shell oil
• DOI: 10.1007/s10668-021-02042-3
• ISSN: 1387-585X

Towards environmental sustainability, plant-based biofuels are utilized in diesel engines as an alternative to depleting fossil fuels for improved performance and emission reduction. In this research, experimental investigation of compression ignition (CI) diesel engine performance is done with two different fuels; neat diesel and 10% cashew nut shell liquid (CSNL) blended diesel (B10) with varying proportions of Diethyl ether (DEE) additive (5, 10 and 15%) running at different injection pressure (190, 210 and 230 kgf/cm2). The engine is operated at rated speed and load condition for evaluation. The split-plot design of Response Surface Methodology (RSM) is considered for designing the experiment and analysis. Total fuel consumption (TFC) and mechanical efficiency (ME) are optimised based on the desirability approach. The optimum condition of 15% DEE addition and 190 kgf/cm2 injection pressure produces a lower TFC of 0.845 kg/hr and a higher ME of 68.096% for diesel. Similarly, the optimised injection pressure of 230 kg/cm2 and 5% DEE addition also produces a lower TFC of 0.9145 kg/hr and a higher ME of 71.007% for B10 fuel. Observation shows that the increase in injection pressure and DEE addition significantly improves the ME of B10 blend and slightly increases fuel consumption. Higher ME is obtained for B10 due to the higher calorific value of CSNL. Graphical abstract