Separable reversible data hiding in encrypted images based on Paillier cryptosystem

Many researchers pay attention on performing reversible data hiding in encrypted images; after extracting the embedded secret information, the objective is not only to perfectly recover the original image but to also protect the privacy of content. This paper proposes a separable and reversible data...

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Published inMultimedia tools and applications Vol. 81; no. 13; pp. 18807 - 18827
Main Authors Tsai, Chwei-Shyong, Zhang, Yung-Sung, Weng, Chi-Yao
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published New York Springer US 01.05.2022
Springer Nature B.V
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Abstract Many researchers pay attention on performing reversible data hiding in encrypted images; after extracting the embedded secret information, the objective is not only to perfectly recover the original image but to also protect the privacy of content. This paper proposes a separable and reversible data hiding in encrypted images scheme based on histogram shifting and the Paillier cryptosystem. The proposed scheme is divided into three parts: the image owner, data hider and receiver. First, the image owner takes the receiver’s public key to encrypt the cover image using the Paillier cryptosystem. According to the difference between two adjacent pixels, the data hider collects all the differences to generate the differencing distribution, and then, embeds secret data into differencing using the histogram shifting and hiding key. Finally, the receiver can simultaneously extract the secret information and recover the original image if the receiver has the hiding key and private key. In the experimental results, it is completely shown that compared to other scheme, the proposed scheme has better performance of image quality at the same number of embedded bits.
AbstractList Many researchers pay attention on performing reversible data hiding in encrypted images; after extracting the embedded secret information, the objective is not only to perfectly recover the original image but to also protect the privacy of content. This paper proposes a separable and reversible data hiding in encrypted images scheme based on histogram shifting and the Paillier cryptosystem. The proposed scheme is divided into three parts: the image owner, data hider and receiver. First, the image owner takes the receiver’s public key to encrypt the cover image using the Paillier cryptosystem. According to the difference between two adjacent pixels, the data hider collects all the differences to generate the differencing distribution, and then, embeds secret data into differencing using the histogram shifting and hiding key. Finally, the receiver can simultaneously extract the secret information and recover the original image if the receiver has the hiding key and private key. In the experimental results, it is completely shown that compared to other scheme, the proposed scheme has better performance of image quality at the same number of embedded bits.
Author Tsai, Chwei-Shyong
Zhang, Yung-Sung
Weng, Chi-Yao
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  fullname: Tsai, Chwei-Shyong
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  organization: Department of Computer Science, National Pingtung University
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Keywords Encrypted image
Reversible data hiding
Histogram shifting
Paillier cryptosystem
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Snippet Many researchers pay attention on performing reversible data hiding in encrypted images; after extracting the embedded secret information, the objective is not...
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crossref
springer
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Publisher
StartPage 18807
SubjectTerms Computer Communication Networks
Computer Science
Confidentiality
Cryptography
Data encryption
Data Structures and Information Theory
Histograms
Image quality
Multimedia
Multimedia Information Systems
Privacy
Special Purpose and Application-Based Systems
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Title Separable reversible data hiding in encrypted images based on Paillier cryptosystem
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