Developments in polyester composite materials – An in-depth review on natural fibres and nano fillers

Recently, scientists are facing major obstacles in terms of selecting compatible filler materials for the sake of improving the performance of polymeric composite materials. Therefore, a high interest has been devoted to the development of polymeric composites reinforced with nano fillers. The nano...

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Published in	Composite structures Vol. 278; p. 114698
Main Authors	Mahmoud Zaghloul, Mahmoud Yousry, Yousry Zaghloul, Moustafa Mahmoud, Yousry Zaghloul, Mai Mahmoud
Format	Journal Article
Language	English
Published	Elsevier Ltd 15.12.2021
Subjects	Graphene Mechanical properties Nano particles Natural fibres Polymer composites Thermoset EFB PLA FRP RTM VARI Gr UAV UPE HDPE LNR Natural fibres Polymer composites GF SWCNT Thermoset EMI FESEM PMCs Mechanical properties TGA CVD DWCNT CV Graphene DTG Nano particles PI MWCNT SEM PVC TEM
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Abstract	Recently, scientists are facing major obstacles in terms of selecting compatible filler materials for the sake of improving the performance of polymeric composite materials. Therefore, a high interest has been devoted to the development of polymeric composites reinforced with nano fillers. The nano reinforced particle’ polyester matrix composites (PMCs) are widely utilized in the manufacturing industries due to their high fracture toughness, light weight, superior strength to weight ratio, high tensile properties, high fatigue resistance, and improved corrosion resistance to severe environments. This article presents a review of the different manufacturing processes and the various reinforcing elements used throughout the preparation of PMCs. The affecting conditions during manufacturing of reinforced particle PMCs are deliberated in a manner to better understand the usefulness of incorporating reinforcing particles in PMCs. The natural fibres utilized as reinforcements in polyester composite materials are thoroughly reviewed including cotton, banana, jute, kenaf, coir, hemp, and sisal. The nano particles reviewed in this paper are nano clay, carbon nano tubes, nano graphene and nano graphene oxide. The reviewed material systems forming polyester nano composites are analysed separately and jointly, showing their scientific developments. The general mechanical characteristics as tensile, compression, fatigue, hardness, and flexural strength, etc. reported by other researchers are investigated with a main objective to demonstrate the quantity of reinforcement used and the corresponding improvements achieved after processing. Finally, the presented review aims to open the horizons towards applications and possible future prospects of natural fibres reinforced polymeric nano composites.
AbstractList	Recently, scientists are facing major obstacles in terms of selecting compatible filler materials for the sake of improving the performance of polymeric composite materials. Therefore, a high interest has been devoted to the development of polymeric composites reinforced with nano fillers. The nano reinforced particle’ polyester matrix composites (PMCs) are widely utilized in the manufacturing industries due to their high fracture toughness, light weight, superior strength to weight ratio, high tensile properties, high fatigue resistance, and improved corrosion resistance to severe environments. This article presents a review of the different manufacturing processes and the various reinforcing elements used throughout the preparation of PMCs. The affecting conditions during manufacturing of reinforced particle PMCs are deliberated in a manner to better understand the usefulness of incorporating reinforcing particles in PMCs. The natural fibres utilized as reinforcements in polyester composite materials are thoroughly reviewed including cotton, banana, jute, kenaf, coir, hemp, and sisal. The nano particles reviewed in this paper are nano clay, carbon nano tubes, nano graphene and nano graphene oxide. The reviewed material systems forming polyester nano composites are analysed separately and jointly, showing their scientific developments. The general mechanical characteristics as tensile, compression, fatigue, hardness, and flexural strength, etc. reported by other researchers are investigated with a main objective to demonstrate the quantity of reinforcement used and the corresponding improvements achieved after processing. Finally, the presented review aims to open the horizons towards applications and possible future prospects of natural fibres reinforced polymeric nano composites.
ArticleNumber	114698
Author	Mahmoud Zaghloul, Mahmoud Yousry Yousry Zaghloul, Mai Mahmoud Yousry Zaghloul, Moustafa Mahmoud
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Mahmoud Yousry surname: Mahmoud Zaghloul fullname: Mahmoud Zaghloul, Mahmoud Yousry organization: Department of Accounting, Faculty of Commerce, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt – sequence: 2 givenname: Moustafa Mahmoud orcidid: 0000-0001-7103-6818 surname: Yousry Zaghloul fullname: Yousry Zaghloul, Moustafa Mahmoud email: eng_moustafaa@hotmail.com organization: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt – sequence: 3 givenname: Mai Mahmoud surname: Yousry Zaghloul fullname: Yousry Zaghloul, Mai Mahmoud organization: Department of Chemistry and Physics, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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SubjectTerms	Graphene Mechanical properties Nano particles Natural fibres Polymer composites Thermoset
Title	Developments in polyester composite materials – An in-depth review on natural fibres and nano fillers
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