3D geological modelling of the Renard 2 kimberlite pipe, Québec, Canada: from exploration to extraction

The Renard 2 kimberlite pipe is one of nine diamondiferous kimberlite pipes that form a cluster in the south-eastern portion of the Superior Province, Québec, Canada and is presently being extracted at the Renard Mine. It is interpreted as a diatreme-zone kimberlite consisting of two Kimberley-type...

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Published inMineralogy and petrology Vol. 112; no. Suppl 2; pp. 411 - 419
Main Authors Lépine, Isabelle, Farrow, Darrell
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Vienna Springer Vienna 01.12.2018
Springer Nature B.V
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Abstract The Renard 2 kimberlite pipe is one of nine diamondiferous kimberlite pipes that form a cluster in the south-eastern portion of the Superior Province, Québec, Canada and is presently being extracted at the Renard Mine. It is interpreted as a diatreme-zone kimberlite consisting of two Kimberley-type pyroclastic units and related country rock breccias, all cross-cut by coherent kimberlite dykes and irregular intrusives. Renard 2 has been the subject of numerous diamond drilling campaigns since its discovery in 2001. The first two geological models modelled kimberlite and country rock breccia units separately. A change in modelling philosophy in 2009, which incorporated the emplacement envelope and history, modelled the entire intrusive event and projected the pipe shape to depth allowing for more targeted deep drilling where kimberlite had not yet been discovered. This targeted 2009 drilling resulted in a > 400% increase in the volume of the Indicated Resource. Modelling only the kimberlite units resulted in a significant underestimation of the pipe shape. Current open pit and underground mapping of the pipe shape corresponds well to the final 2015 geological model and contact changes observed are within the expected level of confidence for an Indicated Resource. This study demonstrates that a sound understanding of the geological emplacement is key to developing a reliable 3D geological and resource model that can be used for targeted delineation drilling, feasibility studies and during the initial stages of mining.
AbstractList The Renard 2 kimberlite pipe is one of nine diamondiferous kimberlite pipes that form a cluster in the south-eastern portion of the Superior Province, Québec, Canada and is presently being extracted at the Renard Mine. It is interpreted as a diatreme-zone kimberlite consisting of two Kimberley-type pyroclastic units and related country rock breccias, all cross-cut by coherent kimberlite dykes and irregular intrusives. Renard 2 has been the subject of numerous diamond drilling campaigns since its discovery in 2001. The first two geological models modelled kimberlite and country rock breccia units separately. A change in modelling philosophy in 2009, which incorporated the emplacement envelope and history, modelled the entire intrusive event and projected the pipe shape to depth allowing for more targeted deep drilling where kimberlite had not yet been discovered. This targeted 2009 drilling resulted in a > 400% increase in the volume of the Indicated Resource. Modelling only the kimberlite units resulted in a significant underestimation of the pipe shape. Current open pit and underground mapping of the pipe shape corresponds well to the final 2015 geological model and contact changes observed are within the expected level of confidence for an Indicated Resource. This study demonstrates that a sound understanding of the geological emplacement is key to developing a reliable 3D geological and resource model that can be used for targeted delineation drilling, feasibility studies and during the initial stages of mining.
Author Lépine, Isabelle
Farrow, Darrell
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CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_1007_s00410_021_01837_x
crossref_primary_10_3749_canmin_2000107
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00710_018_0629_0
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00710_018_0614_7
Cites_doi 10.1016/j.lithos.2004.04.017
10.1007/978-81-322-1173-0_16
10.1016/j.lithos.2009.05.036
10.1016/j.lithos.2004.03.053
10.1016/j.lithos.2009.06.024
10.1016/0079-1946(75)90002-6
10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2007.12.038
10.1007/s00710-018-0614-7
10.1007/s00710-018-0629-0
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Copyright Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature 2018
Mineralogy and Petrology is a copyright of Springer, (2018). All Rights Reserved.
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Keywords Mining
Renard
Geological model
Mineral resource
Exploration
Kimberlite
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O’Connor A, Lépine I (2006) Technical report and recommendations, the Otish Mountains, Québec project: technical report; Ashton Mining of Canada Inc., February 24, 2006
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Moorhead J, Beaumier M, Girard R, Heaman L (2003) Distribution, structural controls and ages of the kimberlite fields in the Superior Province of Quebec. Extended abstract FLA-0275, 8th international kimberlite conference
Stiefenhofer J, Farrow DJ (2004) Geology of the Mwadui kimberlite, Shinyanga district, Tanzania. In: Mitchell RH, Grütter HS, Heaman LM, Scott Smith BH, Stachel T (eds) Proceedings of the 8th international kimberlite conference, vol 1. Lithos 76:139–160
M Field (567_CR7) 1999
CR Clement (567_CR3) 1985; 88
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J Jakubec (567_CR13) 2008; 174
CR Clement (567_CR2) 1982
cr-split#-567_CR18.1
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JB Hawthorne (567_CR11) 1973; 9
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References_xml – reference: Farrow DJ, Stiefenhofer J, Balesamang J, Tshutlhedi J (2004) Three dimensional geological model for the kimberlite pipes and surrounding country rock, Jwaneng mine, Botswana. 2004 Gemcom Conference
– reference: HawthorneJBModel of a kimberlite pipePhys Chem Earth1973911510.1016/0079-1946(75)90002-6
– reference: O’Connor A, Lépine I (2006) Technical report and recommendations, the Otish Mountains, Québec project: technical report; Ashton Mining of Canada Inc., February 24, 2006
– reference: Harder M, Scott Smith BH, Hetman CM and Pell J (2009) The evolution of geological models for the DO-27 kimberlite, NWT, Canada: Implications for evaluation. In: Foley S, Aulbach S, Brey G, Grütter H, Höfer H, Jacob D, Lorez V, Stachel T, Woodland A (eds) Proceedings of the 9th international kimberlite conference, vol 1. Lithos 112S:1–72
– reference: Lecuyer NL, Roscoe WE, Cullen R, Kozak A, Wiatzka G (2008) Technical report on the preliminary assessment of the Renard project Quebec, Canada. NI 43–101 Technical Report, December 12, 2008, 325 pp
– reference: ClementCRA comparative geological study of some major kimberlite pipes in the northern Cape and orange free stateUnpublished PhD thesis1982South AfricaUniversity of Cape Town
– reference: Ranger IM, Heaman LM, Pearson DG, Laroulandie C, Zhuk V (2018) Punctuated, long-lived emplacement history of the Renard 2 kimberlite, Canada, revealed by new high precision U-PB groundmass perovskite dating. Miner Petrol, this volume
– reference: Moorhead J, Beaumier M, Girard R, Heaman L (2003) Distribution, structural controls and ages of the kimberlite fields in the Superior Province of Quebec. Extended abstract FLA-0275, 8th international kimberlite conference
– reference: Geovia (2017) SURPAC and GEMS Software, https://www.3ds.com/products-services/geovia/
– reference: Muntener C, Scott Smith BH (2013) Economic geology of Renard 3, Québec, Canada: a diamondiferous, multi-phase pipe infilled with hypabyssal and tuffisitic kimberlite. In: Pearson DG, Grütter HS, Harris JW, Kjarsgaard BA, O’Brien H, Rao NVC, Sparks S (eds) Proceedings of 10th internal kimberlite conference, vol 2, J Geol Soc India, pp 241–256
– reference: FieldMScott SmithBHGurneyJJGurneyGLPascoeMDRichardsonSHContrasting geology and near surface emplacement of kimberlite pipes in southern Africa and CanadaProceedings of the 7th international kimberlite conference1999Cape TownRed Roof Design214237
– reference: JakubecJKimberlite emplacement models – the implications for mining projectsJ Volcanol Geotherm Res2008174202810.1016/j.jvolgeores.2007.12.038
– reference: Farrow D (2009) 2009 mineral resource update Renard diamond project Northern Quebec, Canada NI 43–101 Technical Report, December 8, 2009, 125 pp
– reference: Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum (CIM) (2005) CIM definition standards - for mineral resources and mineral reserves. CIM Standing Committee on Reserve Definitions, adopted by CIM Council on December 11, 2005
– reference: Jakubec J (2004) Role of geology in diamond project development. In: Mitchell RH, Grütter HS, Heaman LM, Scott Smith BH, Stachel T (eds) Proceedings of the 8th international kimberlite conference, vol 1. Lithos, pp 337–345
– reference: Stiefenhofer J, Farrow DJ (2004) Geology of the Mwadui kimberlite, Shinyanga district, Tanzania. In: Mitchell RH, Grütter HS, Heaman LM, Scott Smith BH, Stachel T (eds) Proceedings of the 8th international kimberlite conference, vol 1. Lithos 76:139–160
– reference: ClementCRSkinnerEMWSA textural-genetic classification of kimberlitic rocksS Afr J Geol198588403409
– reference: Fitzgerald CE, Hetman CM, Lépine I, Skelton DS, McCandless TM (2009) The internal geology and emplacement history of the Renard 2 kimberlite, Superior Province, Quebec, Canada. In: Foley S, Aulbach S, Brey G, Grütter H, Höfer H, Jacob D, Lorez V, Stachel T, Woodland A (eds) Proceedings of the 9th international kimberlite conference, vol 1. Lithos 112S:513–528
– reference: Percival JA (2007) Geology and metallogeny of the Superior Province, Canada. In: Goodfellow WD (ed) Mineral deposits of Canada: a synthesis of major deposit-types, district metallogeny, the evolution of geological provinces, and exploration methods. Geol Assoc Can, Min Dep Div Spec Pub no. 5, pp 903–928
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Snippet The Renard 2 kimberlite pipe is one of nine diamondiferous kimberlite pipes that form a cluster in the south-eastern portion of the Superior Province, Québec,...
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SubjectTerms Breccia
Diamond drills
Diamonds
Dikes
Drill pipe
Drilling
Earth and Environmental Science
Earth Sciences
Exploration
Feasibility studies
Geochemistry
Geological mapping
Geology
Inorganic Chemistry
Mineralogy
Modelling
Original Paper
Philosophy
Rocks
Shape
Three dimensional models
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Title 3D geological modelling of the Renard 2 kimberlite pipe, Québec, Canada: from exploration to extraction
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