Erosion Rate Prediction Model for Levee-Floodwall Overtopping Applications in Fine-Grained Soils
Characterizing soil erosion and predicting levee erosion rates for various levee soils and storm conditions during floodwall overtopping events is necessary in designing levee-floodwall systems. In this study, a series of laboratory scaled levee-floodwall erosion tests were conducted to determine er...
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| Published in | Geotechnical and geological engineering Vol. 36; no. 5; pp. 2823 - 2838 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Cham
Springer International Publishing
01.10.2018
Springer Nature B.V |
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| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0960-3182 1573-1529 |
| DOI | 10.1007/s10706-018-0505-z |
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| Abstract | Characterizing soil erosion and predicting levee erosion rates for various levee soils and storm conditions during floodwall overtopping events is necessary in designing levee-floodwall systems. In this study, a series of laboratory scaled levee-floodwall erosion tests were conducted to determine erosion characteristics of fine grained soils subject to overtopping from different floodwall heights with variable flow-rates. A decreasing rate of erosion was observed as a pool of water was generated in the created scour hole at the crest of the levee model. The erosion rates were also assessed using jet erosion test (JET) and erosion function apparatus (EFA) tests. The results of levee-floodwall overtopping along with soil geotechnical characteristics such as plasticity index, compaction level, and saturation level of the levee soils as well as hydraulic parameters such as water overtopping velocity were used to develop a levee-floodwall erosion rate prediction model. Then, the results of JET and EFA were integrated to develop another prediction model for levee-floodwall erosion rate estimation. Consequently, the prediction models were evaluated by conducting additional tests and comparing the prediction results with the actual measured erosion rates. |
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| AbstractList | Characterizing soil erosion and predicting levee erosion rates for various levee soils and storm conditions during floodwall overtopping events is necessary in designing levee-floodwall systems. In this study, a series of laboratory scaled levee-floodwall erosion tests were conducted to determine erosion characteristics of fine grained soils subject to overtopping from different floodwall heights with variable flow-rates. A decreasing rate of erosion was observed as a pool of water was generated in the created scour hole at the crest of the levee model. The erosion rates were also assessed using jet erosion test (JET) and erosion function apparatus (EFA) tests. The results of levee-floodwall overtopping along with soil geotechnical characteristics such as plasticity index, compaction level, and saturation level of the levee soils as well as hydraulic parameters such as water overtopping velocity were used to develop a levee-floodwall erosion rate prediction model. Then, the results of JET and EFA were integrated to develop another prediction model for levee-floodwall erosion rate estimation. Consequently, the prediction models were evaluated by conducting additional tests and comparing the prediction results with the actual measured erosion rates. |
| Author | Bahri, Parham Safarian Osouli, Abdolreza |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Abdolreza surname: Osouli fullname: Osouli, Abdolreza email: aosouli@siue.edu organization: Civil Engineering Department, Southern Illinois University – sequence: 2 givenname: Parham Safarian surname: Bahri fullname: Bahri, Parham Safarian organization: Civil Engineering Department, Southern Illinois University |
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| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1061__ASCE_GT_1943_5606_0002743 crossref_primary_10_1061__ASCE_GT_1943_5606_0002915 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ress_2022_109030 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10706_024_03046_2 crossref_primary_10_1080_19648189_2020_1818629 |
| Cites_doi | 10.1201/9781315375045-134 10.1145/355769.355773 10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-14-00079.1 10.1007/s10706-014-9762-7 10.1016/j.proeng.2016.07.587 10.1520/GTJ20160152 10.1061/9780784412787.189 10.1016/j.compfluid.2008.01.025 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2008)134:5(618) 10.21236/AD0774723 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2008.09.005 10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0000538 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2001)127:2(105) 10.1520/GTJ104336 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2014.12.012 10.1016/S1001-6058(11)60398-4 10.13031/2013.16492 10.13031/2013.22686 10.1061/9780784479087.117 10.1007/s10333-011-0288-9 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2012.09.006 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2004)130:4(373) |
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| Copyright | Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018 Geotechnical and Geological Engineering is a copyright of Springer, (2018). All Rights Reserved. |
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| References | Baars S (2004) Peat dike failure in the Netherlands. Official Publication of the European Water Association (EWA) PanYLiLAminiFOvertopping erosion and failure mechanism of earthen levee strengthened by vegetated HPTRM systemOcean Eng20159613914810.1016/j.oceaneng.2014.12.012 Amini F, Li L, Xu Y (2013) Slope stability analysis of three earthen levee strengthening systems under hurricane overtopping flow conditions. In Geo-Congress. San Diego, CA, pp 1882–1891 Karimpour M, Heinzl K, Stendback E, Galle K, Zamiran S, Osouli A (2015) Scour characteristics of saturated levees due to floodwall overtopping. In: IFCEE, pp 1298–1307 Do XK, Kim M, Thao Nguyen HP, Jung K (2016) Analysis of landslide dam failure caused by overtopping. In 12th International conference on hydroinformatics. Procedia Engineering, pp 990–994 HansonGRobinsonKCookKScour bellow an everfall: part IIPrediction. Trans ASAE2002454957964 Villarini G, Smith J, Baeck M, Krajewski W (2011) Examining flood frequency distributions in the Midwest U.S. American Water Resources Association, p 447 OsouliAKarimpourMSafarian BahriPErosion characteristics of silty to clayey soils using EFA and lab-scaled levee-floodwall testsGeotech Test J201740339641010.1520/GTJ20160152 YuanSLiLAminiFTangHSensitivity of combined turbulent wave overtopping and storm surge overflow response to variations in levee geometryJ Coast Res201531370271310.2112/JCOASTRES-D-14-00079.1 ASTM-D5852Standard test method for erodibility determination of soil in the field or in the laboratory by the jet index method2007PhiladelphiaAnnual Book of ASTM Standards XiaoHHuangWTaoJNumerical modeling of wave overtopping a levee during Hurricane KatrinaComput Fluids200938599199610.1016/j.compfluid.2008.01.025 LiLAminiFCuipingKBriaudJLErosion resistance of HPTRM strengthened levee from combined wave and surgeGeotech Geol Eng201432484785710.1007/s10706-014-9762-7 MarotDRegazzoniPWahlTEnergy-based method for providing soil surface erodibility rankingsJ Geotech Geoenviron Eng2011137121290129310.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0000538 Allen P, Capello S, Coffman D (2010) Comparison of submerged jet testing to field erosion rates in clay and sand channels, blackland prairie ecosystem, Texas. In: 2nd Joint federal interagency conference, Las Vegas HansonGHuntSLessons learned using laboratory JET method to measure soil erodibility of compacted soilsAppl Eng Agric20072330531210.13031/2013.22686 HansonGJCookKRApparatus, test procedures, and analytical methods to measure soil erodibility in situAppl Eng Agric20042045546210.13031/2013.16492 LuthiMFanninRJMillarRGA modified hole erosion test (HET-P) deviceGeotech Test J20123541510.1520/GTJ104336 WanCFFellRInvestigation of rate of erosion of soils in embankment damsJ Geotech Geoenviron Eng2004130437338010.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2004)130:4(373) Wahl TL (2010) A comparison of the hole erosion test and jet erosion test. In: Joint federal interagency conference on sedimentation and hydrologic modeling, Las Vegas HughesSANadalNCLaboratory study of combined wave overtopping and storm surge overflow of a leveeCoast Eng200956324425910.1016/j.coastaleng.2008.09.005 LasdonLSWarenADJainARatnerMDesign and testing of a generalized reduced gradient code for nonlinear programmingJ ACM Trans Math Softw197841345010.1145/355769.355773 YuMHWeiHYLiangYZhaoYInvestigation of non-cohesive levee breach by overtopping flowHydrodyn Ser B201325457257910.1016/S1001-6058(11)60398-4 JohnsonEBTestikFYRavichandranNSchoolerJLevee scour from overtopping storm waves and scour counter measuresOcean Eng201357728210.1016/j.oceaneng.2012.09.006 BriaudJTingFChenHCaoYHanWKwakKErosion function apparatus for scour rate predictionsJ Geotech Geoenviron Eng200112710511310.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2001)127:2(105) Shafii I, Briaud JL, Chen HC, Shidlovskaya A (2016) Relationship between soil erodibility and engineering properties. In: ICSE 2016. Harris, Whitehouse & Moxon (eds), Oxford TirpakSMUnited States army corps of engineers, Galveston district operational experiences and response to Hurricane IkeShore Beach20097726070 BriaudJLChenHCGovindasamyAVStoresundRLevee erosion by overtopping in New Orleans during the Katrina HurricaneJ Geotech Geoenviron Eng200813461863210.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2008)134:5(618) ChangTChenSHuangSShelter effect evaluation of the willow works bank protection method: a case study for Beinn River Reach 2009 Typhoon Morakot eventPaddy Water Environ201111153310.1007/s10333-011-0288-9 Lasdon LS, Fox R, Ratner M (1973) Nonlinear optimization using the generalized reduced gradient method. Tech. Memp. 325, Department of Operatioanl Research, Case Western University, Cleveland, Ohio SA Hughes (505_CR15) 2009; 56 H Xiao (505_CR31) 2009; 38 ASTM-D5852 (505_CR3) 2007 505_CR4 505_CR9 505_CR26 505_CR28 505_CR29 L Li (505_CR100) 2014; 32 JL Briaud (505_CR6) 2008; 134 G Hanson (505_CR13) 2007; 23 D Marot (505_CR21) 2011; 137 J Briaud (505_CR5) 2001; 127 S Yuan (505_CR33) 2015; 31 EB Johnson (505_CR16) 2013; 57 M Luthi (505_CR20) 2012; 35 SM Tirpak (505_CR27) 2009; 77 LS Lasdon (505_CR19) 1978; 4 Y Pan (505_CR23) 2015; 96 A Osouli (505_CR22) 2017; 40 GJ Hanson (505_CR12) 2004; 20 505_CR17 505_CR18 MH Yu (505_CR32) 2013; 25 505_CR1 T Chang (505_CR8) 2011; 11 505_CR2 CF Wan (505_CR30) 2004; 130 G Hanson (505_CR14) 2002; 45 |
| References_xml | – reference: WanCFFellRInvestigation of rate of erosion of soils in embankment damsJ Geotech Geoenviron Eng2004130437338010.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2004)130:4(373) – reference: BriaudJLChenHCGovindasamyAVStoresundRLevee erosion by overtopping in New Orleans during the Katrina HurricaneJ Geotech Geoenviron Eng200813461863210.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2008)134:5(618) – reference: LuthiMFanninRJMillarRGA modified hole erosion test (HET-P) deviceGeotech Test J20123541510.1520/GTJ104336 – reference: Wahl TL (2010) A comparison of the hole erosion test and jet erosion test. In: Joint federal interagency conference on sedimentation and hydrologic modeling, Las Vegas – reference: HughesSANadalNCLaboratory study of combined wave overtopping and storm surge overflow of a leveeCoast Eng200956324425910.1016/j.coastaleng.2008.09.005 – reference: LasdonLSWarenADJainARatnerMDesign and testing of a generalized reduced gradient code for nonlinear programmingJ ACM Trans Math Softw197841345010.1145/355769.355773 – reference: HansonGJCookKRApparatus, test procedures, and analytical methods to measure soil erodibility in situAppl Eng Agric20042045546210.13031/2013.16492 – reference: Karimpour M, Heinzl K, Stendback E, Galle K, Zamiran S, Osouli A (2015) Scour characteristics of saturated levees due to floodwall overtopping. In: IFCEE, pp 1298–1307 – reference: ChangTChenSHuangSShelter effect evaluation of the willow works bank protection method: a case study for Beinn River Reach 2009 Typhoon Morakot eventPaddy Water Environ201111153310.1007/s10333-011-0288-9 – reference: YuMHWeiHYLiangYZhaoYInvestigation of non-cohesive levee breach by overtopping flowHydrodyn Ser B201325457257910.1016/S1001-6058(11)60398-4 – reference: JohnsonEBTestikFYRavichandranNSchoolerJLevee scour from overtopping storm waves and scour counter measuresOcean Eng201357728210.1016/j.oceaneng.2012.09.006 – reference: Allen P, Capello S, Coffman D (2010) Comparison of submerged jet testing to field erosion rates in clay and sand channels, blackland prairie ecosystem, Texas. In: 2nd Joint federal interagency conference, Las Vegas – reference: MarotDRegazzoniPWahlTEnergy-based method for providing soil surface erodibility rankingsJ Geotech Geoenviron Eng2011137121290129310.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0000538 – reference: ASTM-D5852Standard test method for erodibility determination of soil in the field or in the laboratory by the jet index method2007PhiladelphiaAnnual Book of ASTM Standards – reference: XiaoHHuangWTaoJNumerical modeling of wave overtopping a levee during Hurricane KatrinaComput Fluids200938599199610.1016/j.compfluid.2008.01.025 – reference: OsouliAKarimpourMSafarian BahriPErosion characteristics of silty to clayey soils using EFA and lab-scaled levee-floodwall testsGeotech Test J201740339641010.1520/GTJ20160152 – reference: Shafii I, Briaud JL, Chen HC, Shidlovskaya A (2016) Relationship between soil erodibility and engineering properties. In: ICSE 2016. Harris, Whitehouse & Moxon (eds), Oxford – reference: Amini F, Li L, Xu Y (2013) Slope stability analysis of three earthen levee strengthening systems under hurricane overtopping flow conditions. In Geo-Congress. San Diego, CA, pp 1882–1891 – reference: LiLAminiFCuipingKBriaudJLErosion resistance of HPTRM strengthened levee from combined wave and surgeGeotech Geol Eng201432484785710.1007/s10706-014-9762-7 – reference: Do XK, Kim M, Thao Nguyen HP, Jung K (2016) Analysis of landslide dam failure caused by overtopping. In 12th International conference on hydroinformatics. Procedia Engineering, pp 990–994 – reference: HansonGRobinsonKCookKScour bellow an everfall: part IIPrediction. Trans ASAE2002454957964 – reference: Baars S (2004) Peat dike failure in the Netherlands. Official Publication of the European Water Association (EWA) – reference: PanYLiLAminiFOvertopping erosion and failure mechanism of earthen levee strengthened by vegetated HPTRM systemOcean Eng20159613914810.1016/j.oceaneng.2014.12.012 – reference: TirpakSMUnited States army corps of engineers, Galveston district operational experiences and response to Hurricane IkeShore Beach20097726070 – reference: HansonGHuntSLessons learned using laboratory JET method to measure soil erodibility of compacted soilsAppl Eng Agric20072330531210.13031/2013.22686 – reference: BriaudJTingFChenHCaoYHanWKwakKErosion function apparatus for scour rate predictionsJ Geotech Geoenviron Eng200112710511310.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2001)127:2(105) – reference: YuanSLiLAminiFTangHSensitivity of combined turbulent wave overtopping and storm surge overflow response to variations in levee geometryJ Coast Res201531370271310.2112/JCOASTRES-D-14-00079.1 – reference: Lasdon LS, Fox R, Ratner M (1973) Nonlinear optimization using the generalized reduced gradient method. Tech. Memp. 325, Department of Operatioanl Research, Case Western University, Cleveland, Ohio – reference: Villarini G, Smith J, Baeck M, Krajewski W (2011) Examining flood frequency distributions in the Midwest U.S. American Water Resources Association, p 447 – volume-title: Standard test method for erodibility determination of soil in the field or in the laboratory by the jet index method year: 2007 ident: 505_CR3 – ident: 505_CR26 doi: 10.1201/9781315375045-134 – volume: 4 start-page: 34 issue: 1 year: 1978 ident: 505_CR19 publication-title: J ACM Trans Math Softw doi: 10.1145/355769.355773 – volume: 31 start-page: 702 issue: 3 year: 2015 ident: 505_CR33 publication-title: J Coast Res doi: 10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-14-00079.1 – volume: 32 start-page: 847 issue: 4 year: 2014 ident: 505_CR100 publication-title: Geotech Geol Eng doi: 10.1007/s10706-014-9762-7 – ident: 505_CR9 doi: 10.1016/j.proeng.2016.07.587 – volume: 40 start-page: 396 issue: 3 year: 2017 ident: 505_CR22 publication-title: Geotech Test J doi: 10.1520/GTJ20160152 – volume: 77 start-page: 60 issue: 2 year: 2009 ident: 505_CR27 publication-title: Shore Beach – ident: 505_CR2 doi: 10.1061/9780784412787.189 – ident: 505_CR1 – volume: 38 start-page: 991 issue: 5 year: 2009 ident: 505_CR31 publication-title: Comput Fluids doi: 10.1016/j.compfluid.2008.01.025 – volume: 134 start-page: 618 year: 2008 ident: 505_CR6 publication-title: J Geotech Geoenviron Eng doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2008)134:5(618) – volume: 45 start-page: 957 issue: 4 year: 2002 ident: 505_CR14 publication-title: Prediction. Trans ASAE – ident: 505_CR29 – ident: 505_CR18 doi: 10.21236/AD0774723 – volume: 56 start-page: 244 issue: 3 year: 2009 ident: 505_CR15 publication-title: Coast Eng doi: 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2008.09.005 – volume: 137 start-page: 1290 issue: 12 year: 2011 ident: 505_CR21 publication-title: J Geotech Geoenviron Eng doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0000538 – volume: 127 start-page: 105 year: 2001 ident: 505_CR5 publication-title: J Geotech Geoenviron Eng doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2001)127:2(105) – volume: 35 start-page: 1 issue: 4 year: 2012 ident: 505_CR20 publication-title: Geotech Test J doi: 10.1520/GTJ104336 – volume: 96 start-page: 139 year: 2015 ident: 505_CR23 publication-title: Ocean Eng doi: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2014.12.012 – volume: 25 start-page: 572 issue: 4 year: 2013 ident: 505_CR32 publication-title: Hydrodyn Ser B doi: 10.1016/S1001-6058(11)60398-4 – volume: 20 start-page: 455 year: 2004 ident: 505_CR12 publication-title: Appl Eng Agric doi: 10.13031/2013.16492 – volume: 23 start-page: 305 year: 2007 ident: 505_CR13 publication-title: Appl Eng Agric doi: 10.13031/2013.22686 – ident: 505_CR17 doi: 10.1061/9780784479087.117 – volume: 11 start-page: 15 year: 2011 ident: 505_CR8 publication-title: Paddy Water Environ doi: 10.1007/s10333-011-0288-9 – ident: 505_CR4 – volume: 57 start-page: 72 year: 2013 ident: 505_CR16 publication-title: Ocean Eng doi: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2012.09.006 – volume: 130 start-page: 373 issue: 4 year: 2004 ident: 505_CR30 publication-title: J Geotech Geoenviron Eng doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2004)130:4(373) – ident: 505_CR28 |
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| Snippet | Characterizing soil erosion and predicting levee erosion rates for various levee soils and storm conditions during floodwall overtopping events is necessary in... |
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| SubjectTerms | Civil Engineering Earth and Environmental Science Earth Sciences Erosion mechanisms Erosion rates Fine-grained soils Flood predictions Flow rates Geotechnical Engineering & Applied Earth Sciences Hydrogeology Levees Levees & battures Original Paper Overtopping Prediction models Saturation Scour Soil compaction Soil conditions Soil erosion Storms Terrestrial Pollution Tests Waste Management/Waste Technology |
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| Title | Erosion Rate Prediction Model for Levee-Floodwall Overtopping Applications in Fine-Grained Soils |
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