MODELLING STRESS-STRAIN RELATIONS OF SAND
A modelling method for highly nonlinear shear stress-strain relations in plane strain compression of a fine sand, Toyoura Sand, which has been used extensively in a large number of model tests by many researchers, is attempted taking into account the effects of many major factors; (1) void ratio, (2...
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| Published in | SOILS AND FOUNDATIONS Vol. 33; no. 2; pp. 60 - 81 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Tokyo
The Japanese Geotechnical Society
15.06.1993
Japanese Geotechnical Society |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0385-1621 0038-0806 |
| DOI | 10.3208/sandf1972.33.2_60 |
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| Abstract | A modelling method for highly nonlinear shear stress-strain relations in plane strain compression of a fine sand, Toyoura Sand, which has been used extensively in a large number of model tests by many researchers, is attempted taking into account the effects of many major factors; (1) void ratio, (2) confining pressure σ3, (3) the initial and maximum shear modulus Gmax as observed at strains less than about 0.001%, (4) anisotropic strength and deformation characteristics, (5) strain softening associated with strain localization into a shear band, and (6) the stress ratio during consolidation. The model is based on a modified hyperbolic equation. By the model proposed, a relation from very small strain (0.0001%) to the residual conditions through smooth transition from pre-peak to post-peak relations can be generated for a given condition. A generated stress-strain relation has a tangent modulus which is continuous at the peak strength state between the pre-peak and post-peak parts. |
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| AbstractList | A modelling method for highly nonlinear shear stress-strain relations in plane strain compression of a fine sand, Toyoura Sand, which has been used extensively in a large number of model tests by many researchers, is attempted taking into account the effects of many major factors; (1) void ratio, (2) confining pressure σ3, (3) the initial and maximum shear modulus Gmax as observed at strains less than about 0.001%, (4) anisotropic strength and deformation characteristics, (5) strain softening associated with strain localization into a shear band, and (6) the stress ratio during consolidation. The model is based on a modified hyperbolic equation. By the model proposed, a relation from very small strain (0.0001%) to the residual conditions through smooth transition from pre-peak to post-peak relations can be generated for a given condition. A generated stress-strain relation has a tangent modulus which is continuous at the peak strength state between the pre-peak and post-peak parts. |
| Author | SAKAMOTO, MAKOTO TATSUOKA, FUMIO ABE, FUMIHIRO SIDDIQUEE, MOHAMMED S.A. PARK, CHOONSIK |
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| Cites_doi | 10.3208/sandf1972.18.39 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9410(1990)116:8(1255) 10.1061/JSFEAQ.0001458 10.3208/sandf1960.12.17 10.3208/sandf1972.24.3_52 10.3208/sandf1972.24.113 10.3208/sandf1972.17.3_19 10.3208/sandf1972.31.169 10.3208/sandf1972.26.65 10.3208/sandf1972.32.3_26 10.3208/sandf1972.30.35 10.1680/geot.1972.22.1.115 |
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| Keywords | strain sedimentary rocks stress models shear strength sand anisotropy clastic sediments |
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| References | 24) Tanaka, T. (1988): "Private communication". 16) Sekiguchi, H. and Ohta, H. (1977): "Induced anisotropy and time dependency in clays," Proceedings of Specialty Session 9, 9th Internation Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Tokyo, pp. 229-238. 21) Siddiquee, M.S.A., Tanaka, T. and Tatsuoka, F. (1991): "A FEM simulation of model footing tests on sands," Proc. of 26th Japan National Conference on SMITE, Nagano, pp. 1309-1312. 29) Tatsuoka, F., Nakamura, S., Huang, C.C. and Tani, K. (1990): "Strength anisotropy and shear band direction in plane strain tests of sand," Soils and Foundations, Vol.30, No.1, pp. 35-54. 8) Kondner, R.B. (1963): "Hyperbolic stress-strain response: cohesive soils," Journal of SMF Div., Proc. ASCE, Vol.89 (SM1), pp. 115-143. 3) Duncan, J.M. and Chang, C.Y. (1970): "Nonlinear analysis of stress and strain in soils," Journal of Soil Mechanics and Foundation Division, Proc. ASCE, Vol.96 (SM5), pp. 1629-1653. 19) Shibuya, S., Tatsuoka, F., Teachavorasinskun, S., Kong, X. J., Abe, F., Kim, Y. S. and Park, C.S. (1992): "Elastic deformation properties of geomaterials", Soils and Foundations, Vol.32, No. 3, pp. 26-46. 2) Arthur, J. R. F. and Menzies, B.K. (1972): "Inherent anisotropy in sand," Geotechnique, Vol.22, No.1, pp. 115-128. 26) Tatsuoka, F., Molenkamp, F., Torii, T. and Hino, T. (1984): "Behaviour of lubrication layers of platens in element tests," Soils and Foundations, Vol.24, No. 1, pp. 113-128. 31) Tatsuoka, F. and Shibuya, S. (1992): "Deformation characteristics of soils and rocks from field and laboratory tests," Keynote Lecture for Session No. 1, Proc. 9th Asian Regional Conf. on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Bangkok, 1991, Vol. 2., pp. 101-170. 25) Tatsuoka, F. (1984): "Discussion on Yu Peiji and Richart, F. E. and Jr., (1984)," ASCE Journal of Geotechnical Engineering Division, Vol.2, No.3, pp. 1155-1157. 5) Goto, S., Tatsuoka, F., Shibuya, S., Kim, Y.S. and Sato, Y. (1991): "A simple gauge for local small strain measurements in the laboratory," Soils and Foundations. Vol.31, No.1, pp. 169-180. 28) Tatsuoka, F. (1987): "Discussion on the paper by Bolton, M.D. (1986)," Géotechnique, Vol.37, No. 2, pp. 219-226. 6) Iwasaki, T. and Tatsuoka, F. (1977): "Effects of grain size and grading on dynamic shear moduli of sands," Soils and Foundations, Vol.17, No.3, pp. 19-35. 30) Tatsuoka, F., Okahara, M., Tanaka, T., Tani, K., Morimoto, T. and Siddiquee, M.S.A. (1991): "Progressive failure and particle size effect in bearing capacity of a footing on sand," Geotechnical Engineering Congress-ASCE, Geotechnical Special Publication 27, Vol.2, pp. 788-802. 23) Tanaka, T. and Kawamoto, O. (1988): "Three dimensional finite element collapse analysis for foundations and slopes using dynamic relaxation," Proc. of Numerical Methods in Geomechanics, Insbruch, pp. 1213-1218. 20) Siddiquee, M.S.A. (1991): "Finite element analysis of settlement and bearing capacity of footing on sand," Master thesis, University of Tokyo, Oct. 9) Nakamura, S. (1987): "Strain distribution of sand specimen in Plane Strain Compression tests," Master thesis, University of Tokyo (in Japanese). 15) Pyke, R. (1979): "Nonlinear soil models for irregular cyclic loadings," Jour. of GE Div., Proc. of ASCE, Vol.105, No.GT6, pp. 715-726. 18) Shibuya, S., Tatsuoka, F., Abe, F., Teachavorasinskun, S. and Park, C.S. (1991): "Elastic properties of granular materials measured in the laboratory," Proc. of 10th European Regional, Conference on SMFE, Florence, Vol.1, pp. 163-166. 10) Oda, M. (1972): "Initial fabrics and their relations to mechanical properties of granular materials," Soils and Foundations, Vol.12, No.1, pp. 17-36. 13) Park, C.S. and Tatsuoka, F. (1994): "Anisotropic strength and deformation of sands in plane strain compression," Proc. XIII ICSMFE, New Delhi, India. 14) Prevost, J. H and Keane, C.M. (1989): "Shear stress- strain curve generation from simple material parameters," Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, ASCE, Vol.116, No.8, pp. 1255-1263. 7) Iwasaki, T., Tatsuoka, F. and Takagi, Y. (1978): "Shear modulus of sands under cyclic tortional shear loading," Soils and Foundations, Vol.18, No.1, pp. 39-56. 11) O-kochi, Y. and Tatsuoka, F. (1984): "Some factors affecting K0-values of sand in triaxial cells," Soils and Foundations, Vol.24, No.3, pp. 52-68. 17) Shibuya, S., Tatsuoka, F., Abe, F., Kim, Y.-S., Park, C.-S. and Mukabi, J.N. (1991a): "A new look into stress and strain relation of soils and rocks," Proc. 9th Asian Regional Conference on SMFE, Bangkok, Vol.I, pp. 63-66. 1) Abe, F. (1989): "Deformation characteristics of sand in plane strain compression at small strain levels," Master thesis, University of Tokyo (in Japanese). 12) Park, C.S. (1990): "Anisotropy in deformation and strength properties of sands in plane strain compression," Master thesis, University of Tokyo (in Japanese). 32) Tatsuoka, F. and Siddiquee, M.S.A., Tanaka, T. and Okahara, M. (1992): "A new aspect of a very old issue: Bearing capacity of footing on sand," Discussion for Session 3, Proc. 9th Asian Regional Conf. on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Bangkok, 1991, Vol.2., pp. 358. 4) Goto, S. (1976): "Strength and deformation characteristics of granular materials in triaxial tests," Ph.D. thesis, University of Tokyo. 22) Siddiquee, M.S.A., Tanaka, T and Tatsuoka, F. (1991): "A numerical simulation of bearing capacity of footing on sand." Proc. of 27th Japan National Conference on SMFE, Nagano, pp. 1413-1416. 27) Tatsuoka, F., Sakamoto, M., Kawamura, M. and Fukushima, S. (1986): "Strength and deformation characteristics of sand in plane strain compression at extremely low pressures," Soils and Foundations, Vol.26, No.1, pp. 65-85. Goto (10.3208/sandf1972.33.2_60_bb0025) 1976 Park (10.3208/sandf1972.33.2_60_bb0065) 1990 Park (10.3208/sandf1972.33.2_60_bb0070) 1994 Iwasaki (10.3208/sandf1972.33.2_60_bb0040) 1978; 18 Tatsuoka (10.3208/sandf1972.33.2_60_bb0155) 1991; 2 Tatsuoka (10.3208/sandf1972.33.2_60_bb0165) 1992; 2 Tatsuoka (10.3208/sandf1972.33.2_60_bb0140) 1986; 26 Pyke (10.3208/sandf1972.33.2_60_bb0080) 1979; 105 Shibuya (10.3208/sandf1972.33.2_60_bb0100) 1992; 32 Siddiquee (10.3208/sandf1972.33.2_60_bb0115) 1991 Duncan (10.3208/sandf1972.33.2_60_bb0020) 1970; 96 Sekiguchi (10.3208/sandf1972.33.2_60_bb0085) 1977 Siddiquee (10.3208/sandf1972.33.2_60_bb0110) 1991 Tatsuoka (10.3208/sandf1972.33.2_60_bb0135) 1984; 24 Siddiquee (10.3208/sandf1972.33.2_60_bb0105) 1991 Oda (10.3208/sandf1972.33.2_60_bb0055) 1972; 12 Abe (10.3208/sandf1972.33.2_60_bb0010) 1989 Shibuya (10.3208/sandf1972.33.2_60_bb0090) 1991; I Iwasaki (10.3208/sandf1972.33.2_60_bb0035) 1977; 17 O-kochi (10.3208/sandf1972.33.2_60_bb0060) 1984; 24 Tanaka (10.3208/sandf1972.33.2_60_bb0120) 1988 Tanaka (10.3208/sandf1972.33.2_60_bb0125) 1988 Tatsuoka (10.3208/sandf1972.33.2_60_bb0145) 1987; 37 Tatsuoka (10.3208/sandf1972.33.2_60_bb0150) 1990; 30 Tatsuoka (10.3208/sandf1972.33.2_60_bb0160) 1992; 2 Goto (10.3208/sandf1972.33.2_60_bb0030) 1991; 31 Kondner (10.3208/sandf1972.33.2_60_bb0045) 1963; 89 Prevost (10.3208/sandf1972.33.2_60_bb0075) 1989; 116 Shibuya (10.3208/sandf1972.33.2_60_bb0095) 1991; 1 Arthur (10.3208/sandf1972.33.2_60_bb0015) 1972; 22 Nakamura (10.3208/sandf1972.33.2_60_bb0050) 1987 Tatsuoka (10.3208/sandf1972.33.2_60_bb0130) 1984; 2 |
| References_xml | – reference: 8) Kondner, R.B. (1963): "Hyperbolic stress-strain response: cohesive soils," Journal of SMF Div., Proc. ASCE, Vol.89 (SM1), pp. 115-143. – reference: 3) Duncan, J.M. and Chang, C.Y. (1970): "Nonlinear analysis of stress and strain in soils," Journal of Soil Mechanics and Foundation Division, Proc. ASCE, Vol.96 (SM5), pp. 1629-1653. – reference: 15) Pyke, R. (1979): "Nonlinear soil models for irregular cyclic loadings," Jour. of GE Div., Proc. of ASCE, Vol.105, No.GT6, pp. 715-726. – reference: 25) Tatsuoka, F. (1984): "Discussion on Yu Peiji and Richart, F. E. and Jr., (1984)," ASCE Journal of Geotechnical Engineering Division, Vol.2, No.3, pp. 1155-1157. – reference: 12) Park, C.S. (1990): "Anisotropy in deformation and strength properties of sands in plane strain compression," Master thesis, University of Tokyo (in Japanese). – reference: 32) Tatsuoka, F. and Siddiquee, M.S.A., Tanaka, T. and Okahara, M. (1992): "A new aspect of a very old issue: Bearing capacity of footing on sand," Discussion for Session 3, Proc. 9th Asian Regional Conf. on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Bangkok, 1991, Vol.2., pp. 358. – reference: 23) Tanaka, T. and Kawamoto, O. (1988): "Three dimensional finite element collapse analysis for foundations and slopes using dynamic relaxation," Proc. of Numerical Methods in Geomechanics, Insbruch, pp. 1213-1218. – reference: 27) Tatsuoka, F., Sakamoto, M., Kawamura, M. and Fukushima, S. (1986): "Strength and deformation characteristics of sand in plane strain compression at extremely low pressures," Soils and Foundations, Vol.26, No.1, pp. 65-85. – reference: 30) Tatsuoka, F., Okahara, M., Tanaka, T., Tani, K., Morimoto, T. and Siddiquee, M.S.A. (1991): "Progressive failure and particle size effect in bearing capacity of a footing on sand," Geotechnical Engineering Congress-ASCE, Geotechnical Special Publication 27, Vol.2, pp. 788-802. – reference: 29) Tatsuoka, F., Nakamura, S., Huang, C.C. and Tani, K. (1990): "Strength anisotropy and shear band direction in plane strain tests of sand," Soils and Foundations, Vol.30, No.1, pp. 35-54. – reference: 20) Siddiquee, M.S.A. (1991): "Finite element analysis of settlement and bearing capacity of footing on sand," Master thesis, University of Tokyo, Oct. – reference: 16) Sekiguchi, H. and Ohta, H. (1977): "Induced anisotropy and time dependency in clays," Proceedings of Specialty Session 9, 9th Internation Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Tokyo, pp. 229-238. – reference: 26) Tatsuoka, F., Molenkamp, F., Torii, T. and Hino, T. (1984): "Behaviour of lubrication layers of platens in element tests," Soils and Foundations, Vol.24, No. 1, pp. 113-128. – reference: 5) Goto, S., Tatsuoka, F., Shibuya, S., Kim, Y.S. and Sato, Y. (1991): "A simple gauge for local small strain measurements in the laboratory," Soils and Foundations. Vol.31, No.1, pp. 169-180. – reference: 24) Tanaka, T. (1988): "Private communication". – reference: 2) Arthur, J. R. F. and Menzies, B.K. (1972): "Inherent anisotropy in sand," Geotechnique, Vol.22, No.1, pp. 115-128. – reference: 21) Siddiquee, M.S.A., Tanaka, T. and Tatsuoka, F. (1991): "A FEM simulation of model footing tests on sands," Proc. of 26th Japan National Conference on SMITE, Nagano, pp. 1309-1312. – reference: 28) Tatsuoka, F. (1987): "Discussion on the paper by Bolton, M.D. (1986)," Géotechnique, Vol.37, No. 2, pp. 219-226. – reference: 10) Oda, M. (1972): "Initial fabrics and their relations to mechanical properties of granular materials," Soils and Foundations, Vol.12, No.1, pp. 17-36. – reference: 11) O-kochi, Y. and Tatsuoka, F. (1984): "Some factors affecting K0-values of sand in triaxial cells," Soils and Foundations, Vol.24, No.3, pp. 52-68. – reference: 17) Shibuya, S., Tatsuoka, F., Abe, F., Kim, Y.-S., Park, C.-S. and Mukabi, J.N. (1991a): "A new look into stress and strain relation of soils and rocks," Proc. 9th Asian Regional Conference on SMFE, Bangkok, Vol.I, pp. 63-66. – reference: 4) Goto, S. (1976): "Strength and deformation characteristics of granular materials in triaxial tests," Ph.D. thesis, University of Tokyo. – reference: 14) Prevost, J. H and Keane, C.M. (1989): "Shear stress- strain curve generation from simple material parameters," Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, ASCE, Vol.116, No.8, pp. 1255-1263. – reference: 18) Shibuya, S., Tatsuoka, F., Abe, F., Teachavorasinskun, S. and Park, C.S. (1991): "Elastic properties of granular materials measured in the laboratory," Proc. of 10th European Regional, Conference on SMFE, Florence, Vol.1, pp. 163-166. – reference: 1) Abe, F. (1989): "Deformation characteristics of sand in plane strain compression at small strain levels," Master thesis, University of Tokyo (in Japanese). – reference: 6) Iwasaki, T. and Tatsuoka, F. (1977): "Effects of grain size and grading on dynamic shear moduli of sands," Soils and Foundations, Vol.17, No.3, pp. 19-35. – reference: 7) Iwasaki, T., Tatsuoka, F. and Takagi, Y. (1978): "Shear modulus of sands under cyclic tortional shear loading," Soils and Foundations, Vol.18, No.1, pp. 39-56. – reference: 9) Nakamura, S. (1987): "Strain distribution of sand specimen in Plane Strain Compression tests," Master thesis, University of Tokyo (in Japanese). – reference: 22) Siddiquee, M.S.A., Tanaka, T and Tatsuoka, F. (1991): "A numerical simulation of bearing capacity of footing on sand." Proc. of 27th Japan National Conference on SMFE, Nagano, pp. 1413-1416. – reference: 19) Shibuya, S., Tatsuoka, F., Teachavorasinskun, S., Kong, X. J., Abe, F., Kim, Y. S. and Park, C.S. (1992): "Elastic deformation properties of geomaterials", Soils and Foundations, Vol.32, No. 3, pp. 26-46. – reference: 31) Tatsuoka, F. and Shibuya, S. (1992): "Deformation characteristics of soils and rocks from field and laboratory tests," Keynote Lecture for Session No. 1, Proc. 9th Asian Regional Conf. on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Bangkok, 1991, Vol. 2., pp. 101-170. – reference: 13) Park, C.S. and Tatsuoka, F. (1994): "Anisotropic strength and deformation of sands in plane strain compression," Proc. XIII ICSMFE, New Delhi, India. – volume: 2 start-page: 1155 issue: 3 year: 1984 ident: 10.3208/sandf1972.33.2_60_bb0130 article-title: Discussion on Yu Peiji and Richart, F. 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| Snippet | A modelling method for highly nonlinear shear stress-strain relations in plane strain compression of a fine sand, Toyoura Sand, which has been used extensively... |
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| SubjectTerms | Earth sciences Earth, ocean, space Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics Engineering geology Exact sciences and technology stress-strain curve(IGC : D6/E13) |
| Title | MODELLING STRESS-STRAIN RELATIONS OF SAND |
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