Beyond facts – a survey and conceptualisation of claims in online discourse analysis

Analyzing statements of facts and claims in online discourse is subject of a multitude of research areas. Methods from natural language processing and computational linguistics help investigate issues such as the spread of biased narratives and falsehoods on the Web. Related tasks include fact-check...

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Published inSemantic Web Vol. 13; no. 5; pp. 793 - 827
Main Authors Boland, Katarina, Fafalios, Pavlos, Tchechmedjiev, Andon, Dietze, Stefan, Todorov, Konstantin
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published London Sage Publications Ltd 01.01.2022
IOS Press
Subjects
Artificial Intelligence
claim models
claims
Computer Science
Discourse analysis
Document and Text Processing
fact-checking
facts
Knowledge bases (artificial intelligence)
Knowledge representation
Linguistics
Natural language processing
Soziale Medien
Claim Models
Claims
Online Discourse Analysis
Fact-checking
Facts
Online AccessGet full text

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Abstract Analyzing statements of facts and claims in online discourse is subject of a multitude of research areas. Methods from natural language processing and computational linguistics help investigate issues such as the spread of biased narratives and falsehoods on the Web. Related tasks include fact-checking, stance detection and argumentation mining. Knowledge-based approaches, in particular works in knowledge base construction and augmentation, are concerned with mining, verifying and representing factual knowledge. While all these fields are concerned with strongly related notions, such as claims, facts and evidence, terminology and conceptualisations used across and within communities vary heavily, making it hard to assess commonalities and relations of related works and how research in one field may contribute to address problems in another. We survey the state-of-the-art from a range of fields in this interdisciplinary area across a range of research tasks. We assess varying definitions and propose a conceptual model – Open Claims – for claims and related notions that takes into consideration their inherent complexity, distinguishing between their meaning, linguistic representation and context. We also introduce an implementation of this model by using established vocabularies and discuss applications across various tasks related to online discourse analysis.
AbstractList Analyzing statements of facts and claims in online discourse is subject of a multitude of research areas. Methods from natural language processing and computational linguistics help investigate issues such as the spread of biased narratives and falsehoods on the Web. Related tasks include fact-checking, stance detection and argumentation mining. Knowledge-based approaches, in particular works in knowledge base construction and augmentation, are concerned with mining, verifying and representing factual knowledge. While all these fields are concerned with strongly related notions, such as claims, facts and evidence, terminology and conceptualisations used across and within communities vary heavily, making it hard to assess commonalities and relations of related works and how research in one field may contribute to address problems in another. We survey the state-of-the-art from a range of fields in this interdisciplinary area across a range of research tasks. We assess varying definitions and propose a conceptual model – Open Claims – for claims and related notions that takes into consideration their inherent complexity, distinguishing between their meaning, linguistic representation and context. We also introduce an implementation of this model by using established vocabularies and discuss applications across various tasks related to online discourse analysis.
Author Boland, Katarina
Todorov, Konstantin
Fafalios, Pavlos
Tchechmedjiev, Andon
Dietze, Stefan
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  givenname: Katarina
  surname: Boland
  fullname: Boland, Katarina
  organization: KTS, GESIS – Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences, Unter Sachsenhausen 6-8, 50667 Cologne, Germany. E-mail: katarina.boland@gesis.org, Data and Knowledge Engineering, University of Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany. E-mail: stefan.dietze@hhu.de
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  givenname: Pavlos
  surname: Fafalios
  fullname: Fafalios, Pavlos
  organization: Institute of Computer Science, FORTH-ICS, N. Plastira 100, 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece. E-mail: fafalios@ics.forth.gr
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  givenname: Andon
  surname: Tchechmedjiev
  fullname: Tchechmedjiev, Andon
  organization: EuroMov Digital Health in Motion, University of Montpellier, IMT Mines Alès, Alès, France. E-mail: andon.tchechmedjiev@mines-ales.fr
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  givenname: Stefan
  surname: Dietze
  fullname: Dietze, Stefan
  organization: KTS, GESIS – Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences, Unter Sachsenhausen 6-8, 50667 Cologne, Germany. E-mail: katarina.boland@gesis.org, Data and Knowledge Engineering, University of Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany. E-mail: stefan.dietze@hhu.de
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  givenname: Konstantin
  surname: Todorov
  fullname: Todorov, Konstantin
  organization: LIRMM, CNRS, University of Montpellier, 161 Rue Ada, 34095 Montpellier, France. E-mail: konstantin.todorov@lirmm.fr
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Issue 5
Keywords Claim Models
Claims
Online Discourse Analysis
Fact-checking
Facts
Language English
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Snippet Analyzing statements of facts and claims in online discourse is subject of a multitude of research areas. Methods from natural language processing and...
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SubjectTerms Artificial Intelligence
claim models
claims
Computer Science
Discourse analysis
Document and Text Processing
fact-checking
facts
Knowledge bases (artificial intelligence)
Knowledge representation
Linguistics
Natural language processing
Soziale Medien
Title Beyond facts – a survey and conceptualisation of claims in online discourse analysis
URI https://www.proquest.com/docview/2704023321
https://imt-mines-ales.hal.science/hal-03185097
https://www.ssoar.info/ssoar/handle/document/99898
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