Development of a reliable assay to measure glypican-1 in plasma and serum reveals circulating glypican-1 as a novel prostate cancer biomarker
Prostate cancer is responsible for hundreds of thousands of annual deaths worldwide. The current gold standard in early detection of prostate cancer, the prostate specific antigen test, boasts a high sensitivity but low specificity, resulting in many unnecessary prostate biopsies. Thus, emphasis has...
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| Published in | Oncotarget Vol. 9; no. 32; pp. 22359 - 22367 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
United States
Impact Journals LLC
27.04.2018
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| Abstract | Prostate cancer is responsible for hundreds of thousands of annual deaths worldwide. The current gold standard in early detection of prostate cancer, the prostate specific antigen test, boasts a high sensitivity but low specificity, resulting in many unnecessary prostate biopsies. Thus, emphasis has been placed on identifying new biomarkers to improve prostate cancer detection. Glypican-1 has recently been proposed as one such biomarker, however further exploration into its predictive power has been hindered by a lack of available, dependable glypican-1 immunoassays. Previously, we identified human glypican-1 as the antigenic target of the MIL-38 monoclonal antibody. Additionally, we have now generated another monoclonal antibody, 3G5, that also recognizes human glypican-1. Here we report the development of a reliable, custom Luminex
assay that enables precise quantitation of circulating human glypican-1 in plasma and serum. Using this assay, we show for the first time that circulating glypican-1 levels can differentiate non-cancer (normal and benign prostatic hyperplasia) patients from prostate cancer patients, as well as benign prostatic hyperplasia patients alone from prostate cancer patients. Our findings strongly promote future investigation into the use of glypican-1 for early detection of prostate cancer. |
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| AbstractList | Prostate cancer is responsible for hundreds of thousands of annual deaths worldwide. The current gold standard in early detection of prostate cancer, the prostate specific antigen test, boasts a high sensitivity but low specificity, resulting in many unnecessary prostate biopsies. Thus, emphasis has been placed on identifying new biomarkers to improve prostate cancer detection. Glypican-1 has recently been proposed as one such biomarker, however further exploration into its predictive power has been hindered by a lack of available, dependable glypican-1 immunoassays. Previously, we identified human glypican-1 as the antigenic target of the MIL-38 monoclonal antibody. Additionally, we have now generated another monoclonal antibody, 3G5, that also recognizes human glypican-1. Here we report the development of a reliable, custom Luminex® assay that enables precise quantitation of circulating human glypican-1 in plasma and serum. Using this assay, we show for the first time that circulating glypican-1 levels can differentiate non-cancer (normal and benign prostatic hyperplasia) patients from prostate cancer patients, as well as benign prostatic hyperplasia patients alone from prostate cancer patients. Our findings strongly promote future investigation into the use of glypican-1 for early detection of prostate cancer. Prostate cancer is responsible for hundreds of thousands of annual deaths worldwide. The current gold standard in early detection of prostate cancer, the prostate specific antigen test, boasts a high sensitivity but low specificity, resulting in many unnecessary prostate biopsies. Thus, emphasis has been placed on identifying new biomarkers to improve prostate cancer detection. Glypican-1 has recently been proposed as one such biomarker, however further exploration into its predictive power has been hindered by a lack of available, dependable glypican-1 immunoassays. Previously, we identified human glypican-1 as the antigenic target of the MIL-38 monoclonal antibody. Additionally, we have now generated another monoclonal antibody, 3G5, that also recognizes human glypican-1. Here we report the development of a reliable, custom Luminex ® assay that enables precise quantitation of circulating human glypican-1 in plasma and serum. Using this assay, we show for the first time that circulating glypican-1 levels can differentiate non-cancer (normal and benign prostatic hyperplasia) patients from prostate cancer patients, as well as benign prostatic hyperplasia patients alone from prostate cancer patients. Our findings strongly promote future investigation into the use of glypican-1 for early detection of prostate cancer. Prostate cancer is responsible for hundreds of thousands of annual deaths worldwide. The current gold standard in early detection of prostate cancer, the prostate specific antigen test, boasts a high sensitivity but low specificity, resulting in many unnecessary prostate biopsies. Thus, emphasis has been placed on identifying new biomarkers to improve prostate cancer detection. Glypican-1 has recently been proposed as one such biomarker, however further exploration into its predictive power has been hindered by a lack of available, dependable glypican-1 immunoassays. Previously, we identified human glypican-1 as the antigenic target of the MIL-38 monoclonal antibody. Additionally, we have now generated another monoclonal antibody, 3G5, that also recognizes human glypican-1. Here we report the development of a reliable, custom Luminex assay that enables precise quantitation of circulating human glypican-1 in plasma and serum. Using this assay, we show for the first time that circulating glypican-1 levels can differentiate non-cancer (normal and benign prostatic hyperplasia) patients from prostate cancer patients, as well as benign prostatic hyperplasia patients alone from prostate cancer patients. Our findings strongly promote future investigation into the use of glypican-1 for early detection of prostate cancer. |
| Author | Paivanas, Thomas A van Breda, Arletta Wissmueller, Sandra Truong, Quach Shore, Neal D Beebe-Dimmer, Jennifer Wu, Angela Saltzstein, Daniel R Campbell, Douglas H Lund, Maria E Ruterbusch, Julie J Walsh, Bradley J Concepcion, Raoul S Levin, Rachel A |
| AuthorAffiliation | 2 CUSP LLC Research Consortium, Annandale, VA, USA 1 Minomic International Ltd, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia 3 Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute and Wayne State University, School of Medicine, Department of Oncology, Detroit, MI, USA |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 3 Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute and Wayne State University, School of Medicine, Department of Oncology, Detroit, MI, USA – name: 2 CUSP LLC Research Consortium, Annandale, VA, USA – name: 1 Minomic International Ltd, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Rachel A surname: Levin fullname: Levin, Rachel A organization: Minomic International Ltd, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia – sequence: 2 givenname: Maria E surname: Lund fullname: Lund, Maria E organization: Minomic International Ltd, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia – sequence: 3 givenname: Quach surname: Truong fullname: Truong, Quach organization: Minomic International Ltd, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia – sequence: 4 givenname: Angela surname: Wu fullname: Wu, Angela organization: Minomic International Ltd, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia – sequence: 5 givenname: Neal D surname: Shore fullname: Shore, Neal D organization: CUSP LLC Research Consortium, Annandale, VA, USA – sequence: 6 givenname: Daniel R surname: Saltzstein fullname: Saltzstein, Daniel R organization: CUSP LLC Research Consortium, Annandale, VA, USA – sequence: 7 givenname: Raoul S surname: Concepcion fullname: Concepcion, Raoul S organization: CUSP LLC Research Consortium, Annandale, VA, USA – sequence: 8 givenname: Thomas A surname: Paivanas fullname: Paivanas, Thomas A organization: CUSP LLC Research Consortium, Annandale, VA, USA – sequence: 9 givenname: Arletta surname: van Breda fullname: van Breda, Arletta organization: CUSP LLC Research Consortium, Annandale, VA, USA – sequence: 10 givenname: Jennifer surname: Beebe-Dimmer fullname: Beebe-Dimmer, Jennifer organization: Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute and Wayne State University, School of Medicine, Department of Oncology, Detroit, MI, USA – sequence: 11 givenname: Julie J surname: Ruterbusch fullname: Ruterbusch, Julie J organization: Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute and Wayne State University, School of Medicine, Department of Oncology, Detroit, MI, USA – sequence: 12 givenname: Sandra surname: Wissmueller fullname: Wissmueller, Sandra organization: Minomic International Ltd, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia – sequence: 13 givenname: Douglas H surname: Campbell fullname: Campbell, Douglas H organization: Minomic International Ltd, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia – sequence: 14 givenname: Bradley J surname: Walsh fullname: Walsh, Bradley J organization: Minomic International Ltd, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1111/j.1600-0587.2012.07348.x 10.1586/14737140.2013.811056 10.1016/S0022-5347(01)67064-2 10.1074/jbc.M105419200 10.1136/pmj.78.925.646 10.1038/nmeth.f.202 10.1074/mcp.M112.021618 10.1172/JCI32412 10.1002/1097-0142(195409)7:5<1002::AID-CNCR2820070525>3.0.CO;2-Z 10.1074/jbc.M409179200 10.1002/ijc.29210 10.1016/S0090-4295(01)01497-2 10.1074/jbc.M205241200 10.1016/j.cca.2012.06.017 10.1016/j.febslet.2009.10.036 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2004.05.016 10.1074/jbc.M111.330803 10.1002/cam4.1064 |
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| Keywords | 3G5 prostate cancer biomarker glypican-1 MIL-38 |
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| References | Martiniello-Wilks (13) 2004; 53 Osborne (19) 2013; 36 Mellon (2) 2002; 78 De Reijke (4) 2013; 13 Walsh (8) 2016; 7 Ratliff (5) 1995; 154 Fransson (11) 2002; 277 Chan (17) 2012; 413 Zhao (10) 2017; 6 Park (14) 2008; 5 Aprikian (3) 2002; 59 Fransson (16) 2001; 276 Bray (1) 2015; 136 Mani (12) 2005; 280 Tukey (18) 1983 Sanderson (21) 2012; 287 Villanueva (20) 2013; 12 Korc (9) 2008; 118 Quirós (15) 2014; 3 Serrano (22) 2009; 583 Rittenhouse (6) 2004; 37 Dobi (7) 2017; 8 |
| References_xml | – volume: 36 start-page: 27 year: 2013 ident: 19 article-title: Collinearity: a review of methods to deal with it and a simulation study evaluating their performance publication-title: Ecography doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0587.2012.07348.x contributor: fullname: Osborne – volume: 13 start-page: 829 year: 2013 ident: 4 article-title: Complications of prostate biopsy publication-title: Expert Rev Anticancer Ther doi: 10.1586/14737140.2013.811056 contributor: fullname: De Reijke – volume: 154 start-page: 407 year: 1995 ident: 5 article-title: Effect of inflammation and benign prostatic hyperplasia on elevated serum prostate specific antigen levels publication-title: J Urol doi: 10.1016/S0022-5347(01)67064-2 contributor: fullname: Ratliff – volume: 276 start-page: 46779 year: 2001 ident: 16 article-title: Modulations of glypican-1 heparan sulfate structure by inhibition of endogenous polyamine synthesis. Mapping of spermine-binding sites and heparanase, heparin lyase, and nitric oxide/nitrite cleavage sites publication-title: J Biol Chem doi: 10.1074/jbc.M105419200 contributor: fullname: Fransson – volume: 78 start-page: 646 year: 2002 ident: 2 article-title: Improving the utility of prostate specific antigen (PSA) in the diagnosis of prostate cancer: the use of PSA derivatives and novel markers publication-title: Postgrad Med J doi: 10.1136/pmj.78.925.646 contributor: fullname: Mellon – volume: 5 start-page: 135 year: 2008 ident: 14 article-title: Protein production and purification publication-title: Nat Methods doi: 10.1038/nmeth.f.202 contributor: fullname: Park – volume: 53 start-page: 995 year: 2004 ident: 13 article-title: Immunohistochemical characterisation of the monoclonal antibody BLCA-38 for the detection of prostate cancer publication-title: Cancer Immunol Immunother contributor: fullname: Martiniello-Wilks – volume: 12 start-page: 1046 year: 2013 ident: 20 article-title: Unconventional secretion is a major contributor of cancer cell line secretomes publication-title: Mol Cell Proteomics doi: 10.1074/mcp.M112.021618 contributor: fullname: Villanueva – volume: 118 start-page: 89 year: 2008 ident: 9 article-title: Glypican-1 modulates the angiogenic and metastatic potential of human and mouse cancer cells publication-title: J Clin Invest doi: 10.1172/JCI32412 contributor: fullname: Korc – volume: 7 start-page: 1002 year: 2016 ident: 8 article-title: Glypican-1 as a biomarker for prostate cancer: isolation and characterization publication-title: J Cancer doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(195409)7:5<1002::AID-CNCR2820070525>3.0.CO;2-Z contributor: fullname: Walsh – volume: 280 start-page: 13913 year: 2005 ident: 12 article-title: The amyloid precursor protein (APP) of Alzheimer disease and its paralog, APLP2, modulate the Cu/Zn-Nitric Oxide-catalyzed degradation of glypican-1 heparan sulfate in vivo publication-title: J Biol Chem doi: 10.1074/jbc.M409179200 contributor: fullname: Mani – volume: 136 start-page: E359 year: 2015 ident: 1 article-title: Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide: sources, methods and major patterns in GLOBOCAN 2012 publication-title: Int J Cancer doi: 10.1002/ijc.29210 contributor: fullname: Bray – volume: 59 start-page: 261 year: 2002 ident: 3 article-title: Comparative evaluation of total PSA, free/total PSA, and complexed PSA in prostate cancer detection publication-title: Urology doi: 10.1016/S0090-4295(01)01497-2 contributor: fullname: Aprikian – volume: 277 start-page: 44431 year: 2002 ident: 11 article-title: Nitric oxide-dependent processing of heparan sulfate in recycling S-nitrosylated glypican-1 takes place in caveolin-1-containing endosomes publication-title: J Biol Chem doi: 10.1074/jbc.M205241200 contributor: fullname: Fransson – volume: 413 start-page: 1506 year: 2012 ident: 17 article-title: Validation of a multiplex immunoassay for serum angiogenic factors as biomarkers for aggressive prostate cancer publication-title: Clin Chim Acta doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2012.06.017 contributor: fullname: Chan – volume: 583 start-page: 3966 year: 2009 ident: 22 article-title: Correlation of mRNA and protein in complex biological samples publication-title: FEBS Lett doi: 10.1016/j.febslet.2009.10.036 contributor: fullname: Serrano – volume: 37 start-page: 519 year: 2004 ident: 6 article-title: Are multiple markers the future of prostate cancer diagnostics? publication-title: Clin Biochem doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2004.05.016 contributor: fullname: Rittenhouse – volume: 287 start-page: 9952 year: 2012 ident: 21 article-title: Heparan sulfate chains of syndecan-1 regulate ectodomain shedding publication-title: J Biol Chem doi: 10.1074/jbc.M111.330803 contributor: fullname: Sanderson – volume: 8 start-page: 2 year: 2017 ident: 7 article-title: Clinical validation of a serum protein panel (FLNA, FLNB and KRT19) for diagnosis and prognosis of prostate cancer publication-title: J Mol Biomark Diagn contributor: fullname: Dobi – volume: 6 start-page: 1181 year: 2017 ident: 10 article-title: Elevated glypican-1 expression is associated with an unfavorable prognosis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma publication-title: Cancer Med doi: 10.1002/cam4.1064 contributor: fullname: Zhao – volume: 3 start-page: 1 year: 2014 ident: 15 article-title: Alterations of heparan sulfate proteoglycans in cancer publication-title: Journal of Glycobiology contributor: fullname: Quirós – volume-title: Graphical methods for data analysis year: 1983 ident: 18 contributor: fullname: Tukey |
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| Title | Development of a reliable assay to measure glypican-1 in plasma and serum reveals circulating glypican-1 as a novel prostate cancer biomarker |
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