Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis microenvironment: Novel mechanisms and research directions

• Published in: International immunopharmacology Vol. 155; p. 114653
• Main Authors: Gao, Fuguo, Pan, Lei, Liu, Wei, Chen, Jian, Wang, Yifeng, Li, Yan, Liu, Yurou, Hua, Yiying, Li, Ruiqi, Zhang, Tongtong, Zhu, Ting, Jin, Faguang, Gao, Yongheng
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 16.05.2025
• Subjects: Animals; Cellular Microenvironment; Extracellular Vesicles; Humans; Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis - immunology; Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis - pathology; Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis - therapy; Lung - immunology; Lung - microbiology; Lung - pathology; Lung microbiota; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Microenvironment; Signal Transduction; Signaling pathways; Stem cells; AT I; BLM; miRNAs; Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; Extracellular vesicles; Microenvironment; JAK/STAT; LPS; CTGF; Signaling pathways; iPSCs; NF-κB; MSCs; ADMSCs; PI3K; Nrf2; AT II; mTOR; EndMT; Lung microbiota; EVs; UCMSCs; VEGF; Treg; AECs; EMT; SCFA; ECM; Stem cells; ROS; TLR4; BMSCs; IPF

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive interstitial lung disease marked by increasing dyspnea and respiratory failure. The underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood, given the complexity of its pathogenesis. This review investigates the microenvironment of IPF to identify novel me...