Sheath-assisted hydrodynamic particle focusing in higher Reynolds number flows
Focusing of sample cells or particles to a single-particle stream in miniature flow cytometers is achieved using pressure-driven hydrodynamic focusing in microfluidic channels. Hydrodynamic focusing models predict the focused sample stream width in the low Reynolds number regime (Re 1) of the Navier...
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Published in | Journal of micromechanics and microengineering Vol. 28; no. 10; pp. 105018 - 105025 |
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Main Authors | , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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IOP Publishing
01.10.2018
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Abstract | Focusing of sample cells or particles to a single-particle stream in miniature flow cytometers is achieved using pressure-driven hydrodynamic focusing in microfluidic channels. Hydrodynamic focusing models predict the focused sample stream width in the low Reynolds number regime (Re 1) of the Navier-Stokes equations, wherein the viscous forces dominate the inertial forces. Nonetheless, operating in the viscous regime of the laminar microfluidic flow results in high relative focused stream width, and also limits the efficiency of microfluidic flow cytometers as sample throughput is low due to extremely low flow rates. Hence, to enhance the power of microfluidic cell focusing, study of the hydrodynamic focusing mechanism at high Re, and thus, the effect of inertial forces in sheath-assisted flows is required. This work presents a comparative analysis of sheath-assisted hydrodynamic particle focusing in both the viscous and inertial regimes. Experimental results for pressure-driven hydrodynamic focusing inside microchannels in the higher Re (60 < Re < 130) laminar regime are presented along with particle trajectory simulations. Furthermore, we present a comparison of the focusing performance of sheath-assisted hydrodynamic focusing at lower and higher Re. These studies underline the conditions for single-particle focusing for a range of flow parameters and relative particle sizes, particularly for microfluidic flow cytometry. Such analyses constitute an essential aspect of engineering miniature flow cytometers or other cell manipulation techniques. |
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AbstractList | Focusing of sample cells or particles to a single-particle stream in miniature flow cytometers is achieved using pressure-driven hydrodynamic focusing in microfluidic channels. Hydrodynamic focusing models predict the focused sample stream width in the low Reynolds number regime (Re 1) of the Navier-Stokes equations, wherein the viscous forces dominate the inertial forces. Nonetheless, operating in the viscous regime of the laminar microfluidic flow results in high relative focused stream width, and also limits the efficiency of microfluidic flow cytometers as sample throughput is low due to extremely low flow rates. Hence, to enhance the power of microfluidic cell focusing, study of the hydrodynamic focusing mechanism at high Re, and thus, the effect of inertial forces in sheath-assisted flows is required. This work presents a comparative analysis of sheath-assisted hydrodynamic particle focusing in both the viscous and inertial regimes. Experimental results for pressure-driven hydrodynamic focusing inside microchannels in the higher Re (60 < Re < 130) laminar regime are presented along with particle trajectory simulations. Furthermore, we present a comparison of the focusing performance of sheath-assisted hydrodynamic focusing at lower and higher Re. These studies underline the conditions for single-particle focusing for a range of flow parameters and relative particle sizes, particularly for microfluidic flow cytometry. Such analyses constitute an essential aspect of engineering miniature flow cytometers or other cell manipulation techniques. |
Author | Tjin, Swee Chuan Song, Peiyi Yong, Ken-Tye Panwar, Nishtha |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Nishtha orcidid: 0000-0002-1294-5242 surname: Panwar fullname: Panwar, Nishtha organization: Nanyang Technological University School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore – sequence: 2 givenname: Peiyi surname: Song fullname: Song, Peiyi organization: Huazhong University of Science and Technology MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement and Hubei Key Laboratory of Gravitation and Quantum Physics, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China – sequence: 3 givenname: Swee Chuan surname: Tjin fullname: Tjin, Swee Chuan organization: Nanyang Technological University School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore – sequence: 4 givenname: Ken-Tye surname: Yong fullname: Yong, Ken-Tye email: ktyong@ntu.edu.sg organization: Nanyang Technological University School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore |
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Cites_doi | 10.1039/C4LC00982G 10.1002/smll.201600996 10.1007/s10404-010-0602-7 10.1088/0960-1317/17/8/009 10.1063/1.4962875 10.1039/b908271a 10.1038/srep38809 10.1016/j.snb.2004.11.014 10.1002/smll.201302885 10.1103/PhysRevLett.80.3863 10.1016/j.bios.2008.07.019 10.1109/JSTQE.2014.2331960 10.1063/1.4866045 10.1021/ac100387b 10.1063/1.3701566 10.1007/s10404-010-0699-8 10.1039/b711155j 10.1039/C3LC51408K 10.1002/cyto.a.22395 10.1039/C6LC00339G 10.1039/c3lc41227j 10.1007/s10404-005-0033-z 10.1039/C4LC01216J 10.1073/pnas.0704958104 10.1039/B919495A 10.1039/b822442k 10.1002/elps.201500361 10.1021/acsnano.7b02277 10.1039/c2lc41376k 10.1063/1.4903761 10.1038/srep03340 10.1039/b820138b 10.1007/s10404-013-1306-6 10.1088/0960-1317/16/5/020 10.1088/0960-1317/13/3/315 10.1039/C4LC01462F 10.1117/12.2265615 |
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References | 22 23 24 25 26 28 29 Lin C-H (3) 2003; 13 Chih-Chang C (6) 2007; 17 Zhang J (34) 2013; 23 30 31 10 32 11 33 12 13 35 14 36 15 37 16 38 17 Batchelor G K (27) 1967 39 18 19 2 Lee G-B (21) 2006; 16 4 5 7 8 9 40 Givan A L (1) 2013 20 |
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SubjectTerms | flow cytometer hydrodynamic focusing inertial forces Reynolds number sheath flow |
Title | Sheath-assisted hydrodynamic particle focusing in higher Reynolds number flows |
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