Multiple-Aperture-Based Solar Seeing Profiler
Characterization of day-time atmospheric turbulence profiles up to 30 km above the telescope is crucial for designs and performance estimations of future solar multiconjugate adaptive optics (MCAO) systems. Recently, the S-DIMM+ method has been successfully used to measure the vertical profile of tu...
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Published in | Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific Vol. 127; no. 955; pp. 870 - 879 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
University of Chicago Press
01.09.2015
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Abstract | Characterization of day-time atmospheric turbulence profiles up to 30 km above the telescope is crucial for designs and performance estimations of future solar multiconjugate adaptive optics (MCAO) systems. Recently, the S-DIMM+ method has been successfully used to measure the vertical profile of turbulence. However, to measure profile up to 30 km employing the S-DIMM+ method, a telescope with a diameter of at least 1.0 m is needed, which restricts the usage of S-DIMM+, since large telescopes are scarce and their time is limited. To solve this problem, we introduce the multiple-aperture seeing profiler (MASP), which consists of two portable small telescopes instead of a single large aperture. Numerical simulations are carried out to evaluate the performance of MASP. We find that for one layer case, MASP can retrieve the seeing with error ∼5% using 800 frames of wavefront sensor (WFS) data, which is quite similar to the results of a telescope with diameter of 1120 mm. We also simulate profiles with four turbulence layers, and find that our MASP can effectively retrieve the strengths and heights of the four turbulence layers. Since previous measurements at Big Bear Solar Observatory showed that day-time turbulence profile typically consists of four layers, the MASP we introduced is sufficient for actual seeing measurement. |
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AbstractList | Characterization of day-time atmospheric turbulence profiles up to 30 km above the telescope is crucial for designs and performance estimations of future solar multiconjugate adaptive optics (MCAO) systems. Recently, the S-DIMM+ method has been successfully used to measure the vertical profile of turbulence. However, to measure profile up to 30 km employing the S-DIMM+ method, a telescope with a diameter of at least 1.0 m is needed, which restricts the usage of S-DIMM+, since large telescopes are scarce and their time is limited. To solve this problem, we introduce the multiple-aperture seeing profiler (MASP), which consists of two portable small telescopes instead of a single large aperture. Numerical simulations are carried out to evaluate the performance of MASP. We find that for one layer case, MASP can retrieve the seeing with error ∼5% using 800 frames of wavefront sensor (WFS) data, which is quite similar to the results of a telescope with diameter of 1120 mm. We also simulate profiles with four turbulence layers, and find that our MASP can effectively retrieve the strengths and heights of the four turbulence layers. Since previous measurements at Big Bear Solar Observatory showed that day-time turbulence profile typically consists of four layers, the MASP we introduced is sufficient for actual seeing measurement. Characterization of day-time atmospheric turbulence profiles up to 30 km above the telescope is crucial for designs and performance estimations of future solar multiconjugate adaptive optics (MCAO) systems. Recently, the S-DIMM+ method has been successfully used to measure the vertical profile of turbulence. However, to measure profile up to 30 km employing the S-DIMM+ method, a telescope with a diameter of at least 1.0 m is needed, which restricts the usage of S-DIMM+, since large telescopes are scarce and their time is limited. To solve this problem, we introduce the multiple-aperture seeing profiler (MASP), which consists of two portable small telescopes instead of a single large aperture. Numerical simulations are carried out to evaluate the performance of MASP. We find that for one layer case, MASP can retrieve the seeing with error ~5% using 800 frames of wavefront sensor (WFS) data, which is quite similar to the results of a telescope with diameter of 1120 mm. We also simulate profiles with four turbulence layers, and find that our MASP can effectively retrieve the strengths and heights of the four turbulence layers. Since previous measurements at Big Bear Solar Observatory showed that day-time turbulence profile typically consists of four layers, the MASP we introduced is sufficient for actual seeing measurement. |
Author | Dou, Jiangpei Ren, Deqing Zhang, Xi Zhao, Gang Chen, Rui Zhu, Yongtian Yang, Feng |
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Cites_doi | 10.1051/0004-6361/201321937 10.1086/424805 10.1364/AO.31.007283 10.1364/AO.47.001880 10.1117/12.459332 10.1007/BF00690665 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.10337.x 10.1117/12.551258 10.12942/lrsp-2011-2 10.1007/BF00690664 10.1117/12.177254 10.1017/S1323358000020452 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2003.06731.x 10.1023/A:1015712720291 10.1086/524850 10.1117/12.669737 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13386.x 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2005.09813.x 10.1093/mnras/278.1.39 10.1002/asna.201011391 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2002.05847.x 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15409.x 10.1364/OE.15.014844 10.1051/aas:2000145 10.1364/JOSAA.18.000873 10.1086/505547 10.1364/AO.53.001683 10.1051/0004-6361:20031170 10.1051/0004-6361/200810953 10.1117/12.507687 10.1023/A:1005262911134 |
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SubjectTerms | Altitude Atmospheric turbulence Error rates Field of view Scintillation Sensors Solar telescopes Stars Telescopes Turbulence |
Title | Multiple-Aperture-Based Solar Seeing Profiler |
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