Adverse effects of cadmium on lymphoid organs, immune cells, and immunological responses
Humans and animals possess robust immune systems to safeguard against foreign pathogens. However, recent reports suggest a greater incidence of immunity breakdown due to exposure to environmental pollutants, with heavy metals emerging as potential candidates in such immuno‐toxicological studies. Whi...
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| Published in | Journal of applied toxicology Vol. 45; no. 1; pp. 159 - 173 |
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| Main Authors | , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
England
Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
01.01.2025
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0260-437X 1099-1263 1099-1263 |
| DOI | 10.1002/jat.4675 |
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| Abstract | Humans and animals possess robust immune systems to safeguard against foreign pathogens. However, recent reports suggest a greater incidence of immunity breakdown due to exposure to environmental pollutants, with heavy metals emerging as potential candidates in such immuno‐toxicological studies. While we have extensive data on the general toxicity resulting from exposure to heavy metals, comprehensive documentation of their role as immune disruptors remains scarce. Cd (Cadmium) exerts immunomodulation by interfering with immune organs and cells, leading to altered structure, physiology, and function, thereby inducing symptoms of immune deregulation, inflammation and/or autoimmunity.
This review aims to summarize the link between Cd exposure and immune dysfunction, drawing from case studies on exposed human subjects, as well as research conducted on various model organisms and in‐vitro culture systems.
This review examines how cadmium exposure disrupts the immune system, focusing on its effects on immune organs, cells, and effector molecules. It highlights the mechanisms by which cadmium impairs immune responses and aims to summarize cadmium‐induced immunomodulation to advance research on strategies to counteract its toxic effects. |
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| AbstractList | Humans and animals possess robust immune systems to safeguard against foreign pathogens. However, recent reports suggest a greater incidence of immunity breakdown due to exposure to environmental pollutants, with heavy metals emerging as potential candidates in such immuno-toxicological studies. While we have extensive data on the general toxicity resulting from exposure to heavy metals, comprehensive documentation of their role as immune disruptors remains scarce. Cd (Cadmium) exerts immunomodulation by interfering with immune organs and cells, leading to altered structure, physiology, and function, thereby inducing symptoms of immune deregulation, inflammation and/or autoimmunity. This review aims to summarize the link between Cd exposure and immune dysfunction, drawing from case studies on exposed human subjects, as well as research conducted on various model organisms and in-vitro culture systems. Humans and animals possess robust immune systems to safeguard against foreign pathogens. However, recent reports suggest a greater incidence of immunity breakdown due to exposure to environmental pollutants, with heavy metals emerging as potential candidates in such immuno-toxicological studies. While we have extensive data on the general toxicity resulting from exposure to heavy metals, comprehensive documentation of their role as immune disruptors remains scarce. Cd (Cadmium) exerts immunomodulation by interfering with immune organs and cells, leading to altered structure, physiology, and function, thereby inducing symptoms of immune deregulation, inflammation and/or autoimmunity. This review aims to summarize the link between Cd exposure and immune dysfunction, drawing from case studies on exposed human subjects, as well as research conducted on various model organisms and in-vitro culture systems.Humans and animals possess robust immune systems to safeguard against foreign pathogens. However, recent reports suggest a greater incidence of immunity breakdown due to exposure to environmental pollutants, with heavy metals emerging as potential candidates in such immuno-toxicological studies. While we have extensive data on the general toxicity resulting from exposure to heavy metals, comprehensive documentation of their role as immune disruptors remains scarce. Cd (Cadmium) exerts immunomodulation by interfering with immune organs and cells, leading to altered structure, physiology, and function, thereby inducing symptoms of immune deregulation, inflammation and/or autoimmunity. This review aims to summarize the link between Cd exposure and immune dysfunction, drawing from case studies on exposed human subjects, as well as research conducted on various model organisms and in-vitro culture systems. Humans and animals possess robust immune systems to safeguard against foreign pathogens. However, recent reports suggest a greater incidence of immunity breakdown due to exposure to environmental pollutants, with heavy metals emerging as potential candidates in such immuno‐toxicological studies. While we have extensive data on the general toxicity resulting from exposure to heavy metals, comprehensive documentation of their role as immune disruptors remains scarce. Cd (Cadmium) exerts immunomodulation by interfering with immune organs and cells, leading to altered structure, physiology, and function, thereby inducing symptoms of immune deregulation, inflammation and/or autoimmunity. This review aims to summarize the link between Cd exposure and immune dysfunction, drawing from case studies on exposed human subjects, as well as research conducted on various model organisms and in‐vitro culture systems. This review examines how cadmium exposure disrupts the immune system, focusing on its effects on immune organs, cells, and effector molecules. It highlights the mechanisms by which cadmium impairs immune responses and aims to summarize cadmium‐induced immunomodulation to advance research on strategies to counteract its toxic effects. |
| Author | Kumari, Priyanka Firdaus, Hena Nanda, Kumari Pragati |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Priyanka surname: Kumari fullname: Kumari, Priyanka organization: Department of Life Sciences Central University of Jharkhand Cheri‐Manatu Campus, Kanke Ranchi Jharkhand India – sequence: 2 givenname: Kumari Pragati surname: Nanda fullname: Nanda, Kumari Pragati organization: Department of Life Sciences Central University of Jharkhand Cheri‐Manatu Campus, Kanke Ranchi Jharkhand India – sequence: 3 givenname: Hena orcidid: 0000-0002-8998-7483 surname: Firdaus fullname: Firdaus, Hena organization: Department of Life Sciences Central University of Jharkhand Cheri‐Manatu Campus, Kanke Ranchi Jharkhand India |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39044417$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1016_j_taap_2024_117216 |
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| Keywords | cadmium immune cells immunotoxicity lymphoid organ autoimmunity inflammation |
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| SubjectTerms | Animals Autoimmunity Cadmium Cadmium - toxicity Cell culture Deregulation Environmental Pollutants - toxicity Exposure Heavy metals Humans Immune system Immune System - drug effects Immune System - immunology Immunology Immunomodulation Lymphoid Tissue - drug effects Lymphoid Tissue - immunology Organs Structure-function relationships Toxicity testing |
| Title | Adverse effects of cadmium on lymphoid organs, immune cells, and immunological responses |
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