Noise Weighting in the Design of \Delta\Sigma Modulators (With a Psychoacoustic Coder as an Example)
A design flow for ΔΣ modulators is illustrated, allowing quantization noise to be shaped according to an arbitrary weighting profile. Based on finite-impulse-response noise transfer functions, possibly with high order, the flow is best suited for digital architectures. This work builds on a recent p...
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Published in | IEEE transactions on circuits and systems. II, Express briefs Vol. 60; no. 11; pp. 756 - 760 |
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Main Authors | , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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IEEE
01.11.2013
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Abstract | A design flow for ΔΣ modulators is illustrated, allowing quantization noise to be shaped according to an arbitrary weighting profile. Based on finite-impulse-response noise transfer functions, possibly with high order, the flow is best suited for digital architectures. This work builds on a recent proposal in which the modulator is matched to the reconstruction filter, showing that this type of optimization can benefit a wide range of applications in which noise (including in-band noise) is known to have a different impact at different frequencies. The designs of a multiband modulator, a modulator avoiding dc noise, and an audio modulator capable of distributing quantization artifacts according to a psychoacoustic model are discussed as examples. A software toolbox is provided as a general design aid and to replicate the proposed results. |
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AbstractList | A design flow for ΔΣ modulators is illustrated, allowing quantization noise to be shaped according to an arbitrary weighting profile. Based on finite-impulse-response noise transfer functions, possibly with high order, the flow is best suited for digital architectures. This work builds on a recent proposal in which the modulator is matched to the reconstruction filter, showing that this type of optimization can benefit a wide range of applications in which noise (including in-band noise) is known to have a different impact at different frequencies. The designs of a multiband modulator, a modulator avoiding dc noise, and an audio modulator capable of distributing quantization artifacts according to a psychoacoustic model are discussed as examples. A software toolbox is provided as a general design aid and to replicate the proposed results. |
Author | Bizzarri, Federico Callegari, Sergio |
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CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1109_TCSI_2017_2758801 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_sigpro_2015_02_001 crossref_primary_10_1186_s13634_016_0326_2 crossref_primary_10_1109_TCSII_2020_2982155 crossref_primary_10_1109_TCSII_2018_2860937 crossref_primary_10_1109_TCSII_2018_2880925 crossref_primary_10_1049_iet_cds_2019_0347 crossref_primary_10_1109_TCSII_2018_2821368 |
Cites_doi | 10.1109/TSP.2010.2071866 10.1137/1.9781611970777 10.7551/mitpress/8996.003.0005 10.1109/9780470546772 10.1109/MCSE.2007.58 10.1109/TAC.2004.840475 10.1109/TCSI.2013.2239091 10.1109/ISCAS.2012.6271704 10.1109/TSP.2012.2188522 10.1007/BF01239365 10.1049/el:19960612 10.1109/TCSI.2006.887616 10.1109/TCSII.2009.2035258 |
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References | ref24 ref12 lee (ref14) 1987 oppenheim (ref18) 1989 schreier (ref8) 2011 ref20 wannamaker (ref17) 1992; 40 callegari (ref11) 2012 ref2 ref16 ref19 reefman (ref23) 2001 ref7 dunn (ref15) 1996; 32 ref9 gaalaas (ref22) 2006; 40 su (ref3) 2009; 56 ref6 ref5 (ref4) 1996 (ref13) 2003 bizzarri (ref10) 2010 harris (ref1) 2003 andersen (ref21) 2011 |
References_xml | – ident: ref9 doi: 10.1109/TSP.2010.2071866 – start-page: 1815 year: 2010 ident: ref10 article-title: A heuristic solution to the optimisation of flutter control in compression systems (and to some more binary quadratic programming problems) via <tex Notation="TeX">$\Delta\Sigma$</tex> modulation circuits publication-title: Proc ISCAS contributor: fullname: bizzarri – ident: ref20 doi: 10.1137/1.9781611970777 – start-page: 55 year: 2011 ident: ref21 publication-title: Optimization for Machine Learning doi: 10.7551/mitpress/8996.003.0005 contributor: fullname: andersen – year: 1996 ident: ref4 publication-title: Delta̵Sigma Data Converters Theory Design and Simulation – ident: ref5 doi: 10.1109/9780470546772 – year: 2003 ident: ref13 publication-title: AcousticsNormal Equal-Loudness-Level Contours – ident: ref24 doi: 10.1109/MCSE.2007.58 – year: 2001 ident: ref23 article-title: Why Direct Stream Digital is the best choice as a digital audio format publication-title: 110th Convention Audio Engineering Society contributor: fullname: reefman – volume: 40 start-page: 611 year: 1992 ident: ref17 article-title: Psychoacoustically optimal noise shaping publication-title: J Audio Eng Soc contributor: fullname: wannamaker – ident: ref19 doi: 10.1109/TAC.2004.840475 – ident: ref6 doi: 10.1109/TCSI.2013.2239091 – ident: ref12 doi: 10.1109/ISCAS.2012.6271704 – start-page: 2227 year: 2003 ident: ref1 publication-title: Wiley Encyclopedia Telecommun contributor: fullname: harris – start-page: 849 year: 2012 ident: ref11 article-title: Should <tex Notation="TeX">$\Delta\Sigma$</tex> modulators used in ac motor drives be adapted to the mechanical load of the motor? publication-title: Proc IEEE ICECS contributor: fullname: callegari – ident: ref16 doi: 10.1109/TSP.2012.2188522 – ident: ref7 doi: 10.1007/BF01239365 – volume: 32 start-page: 867 year: 1996 ident: ref15 article-title: adaptive sigma-delta modulation for use in dacs publication-title: Electronics Letters doi: 10.1049/el:19960612 contributor: fullname: dunn – year: 2011 ident: ref8 publication-title: Analog Devices contributor: fullname: schreier – ident: ref2 doi: 10.1109/TCSI.2006.887616 – volume: 56 start-page: 881 year: 2009 ident: ref3 article-title: Fractional-n phase-locked-loop-based frequency synthesis: A tutorial publication-title: IEEE Trans Circuits Syst II Exp Briefs doi: 10.1109/TCSII.2009.2035258 contributor: fullname: su – volume: 40 start-page: 1 year: 2006 ident: ref22 article-title: Class D audio amplifiers: What, why, and how publication-title: Analog Dialogue contributor: fullname: gaalaas – year: 1987 ident: ref14 publication-title: A novel high order interpolative modulator topology for high resolution oversampling A/D converters contributor: fullname: lee – year: 1989 ident: ref18 publication-title: Discrete -Time Signal Processing contributor: fullname: oppenheim |
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Snippet | A design flow for ΔΣ modulators is illustrated, allowing quantization noise to be shaped according to an arbitrary weighting profile. Based on... |
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SubjectTerms | Delta-sigma modulation Finite impulse response filters Frequency modulation Noise noise shaping Optimization Psychoacoustic models psychoacoustics Quantization (signal) |
Title | Noise Weighting in the Design of \Delta\Sigma Modulators (With a Psychoacoustic Coder as an Example) |
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