A Survey on Task Offloading in Multi-access Edge Computing

With the advent of new technologies in both hardware and software, we are in the need of a new type of application that requires huge computation power and minimal delay. Applications such as face recognition, augmented reality, virtual reality, automated vehicles, industrial IoT, etc. belong to thi...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published inJournal of systems architecture Vol. 118; p. 102225
Main Authors Islam, Akhirul, Debnath, Arindam, Ghose, Manojit, Chakraborty, Suchetana
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Elsevier B.V 01.09.2021
Subjects
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN1383-7621
1873-6165
DOI10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225

Cover

Loading…
Abstract With the advent of new technologies in both hardware and software, we are in the need of a new type of application that requires huge computation power and minimal delay. Applications such as face recognition, augmented reality, virtual reality, automated vehicles, industrial IoT, etc. belong to this category. Cloud computing technology is one of the candidates to satisfy the computation requirement of resource-intensive applications running in UEs (User Equipment) as it has ample computational capacity, but the latency requirement for these applications cannot be satisfied by the cloud due to the propagation delay between UEs and the cloud. To solve the latency issues for the delay-sensitive applications a new network paradigm has emerged recently known as Multi-Access Edge Computing (MEC) (also known as mobile edge computing) in which computation can be done at the network edge of UE devices. To execute the resource-intensive tasks of UEs in the MEC servers hosted in the network edge, a UE device has to offload some of the tasks to MEC servers. Few survey papers talk about task offloading in MEC, but most of them do not have in-depth analysis and classification exclusive to MEC task offloading. In this paper, we are providing a comprehensive survey on the task offloading scheme for MEC proposed by many researchers. We will also discuss issues, challenges, and future research direction in the area of task offloading to MEC servers.
AbstractList With the advent of new technologies in both hardware and software, we are in the need of a new type of application that requires huge computation power and minimal delay. Applications such as face recognition, augmented reality, virtual reality, automated vehicles, industrial IoT, etc. belong to this category. Cloud computing technology is one of the candidates to satisfy the computation requirement of resource-intensive applications running in UEs (User Equipment) as it has ample computational capacity, but the latency requirement for these applications cannot be satisfied by the cloud due to the propagation delay between UEs and the cloud. To solve the latency issues for the delay-sensitive applications a new network paradigm has emerged recently known as Multi-Access Edge Computing (MEC) (also known as mobile edge computing) in which computation can be done at the network edge of UE devices. To execute the resource-intensive tasks of UEs in the MEC servers hosted in the network edge, a UE device has to offload some of the tasks to MEC servers. Few survey papers talk about task offloading in MEC, but most of them do not have in-depth analysis and classification exclusive to MEC task offloading. In this paper, we are providing a comprehensive survey on the task offloading scheme for MEC proposed by many researchers. We will also discuss issues, challenges, and future research direction in the area of task offloading to MEC servers.
ArticleNumber 102225
Author Islam, Akhirul
Debnath, Arindam
Ghose, Manojit
Chakraborty, Suchetana
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Akhirul
  orcidid: 0000-0002-8856-2846
  surname: Islam
  fullname: Islam, Akhirul
  email: akhirul.islam@iiitg.ac.in
  organization: Department of Computer Science and Engineering, IIIT Guwahati, India
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Arindam
  surname: Debnath
  fullname: Debnath, Arindam
  email: arindam.debnath@iiitg.ac.in
  organization: Department of Computer Science and Engineering, IIIT Guwahati, India
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Manojit
  surname: Ghose
  fullname: Ghose, Manojit
  email: manojit@iiitg.ac.in
  organization: Department of Computer Science and Engineering, IIIT Guwahati, India
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Suchetana
  surname: Chakraborty
  fullname: Chakraborty, Suchetana
  email: suchetana@iitj.ac.in
  organization: Department of Computer Science and Engineering, IIT Jodhpur, India
BookMark eNqFj8tqwzAQRUVJoUnaP-hCP-BUki3ZzqIQQvqAlCyarsVUkoNSRwqSHcjfV8FdddGuZrjDucyZoJHzziB0T8mMEioe9rN4jhDUjBFGU8QY41doTKsyzwQVfJT2vMqzUjB6gyYx7gkhnFM2RvMFfu_DyZyxd3gL8Qtvmqb1oK3bYevwW992NgOlTIx4pXcGL_3h2HfpfIuuG2ijufuZU_TxtNouX7L15vl1uVhnKieiyzQhZcErTgqap2dB009WQ8lrgMoQxQXXgnKmNFeNoVrXBdC8JgVwlQKAfIqKoVcFH2MwjTwGe4BwlpTIi7_cy8FfXvzl4J-w-S9M2Q46610XwLb_wY8DbJLYyZogo7LGKaNtMKqT2tu_C74BsIF6EA
CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_3390_s25010259
crossref_primary_10_1002_spe_3398
crossref_primary_10_3233_JIFS_220970
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_engappai_2022_105710
crossref_primary_10_1002_cpe_8156
crossref_primary_10_1109_TSUSC_2023_3294447
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_sysarc_2022_102740
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_suscom_2022_100834
crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2024_3452190
crossref_primary_10_2174_2212797616666230831124454
crossref_primary_10_1109_JSEN_2022_3184689
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_comcom_2023_11_025
crossref_primary_10_3390_electronics13132580
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11277_024_10862_5
crossref_primary_10_1109_TITS_2024_3393529
crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2022_3176106
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10586_023_04256_8
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jksuci_2024_101942
crossref_primary_10_1109_JIOT_2024_3434641
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_comnet_2022_109137
crossref_primary_10_3390_electronics12153223
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_heliyon_2024_e29916
crossref_primary_10_3390_aerospace10090804
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_vrih_2022_07_005
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_adhoc_2025_103754
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_comnet_2024_110593
crossref_primary_10_1364_JOCN_495765
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10723_023_09656_z
crossref_primary_10_1145_3715333
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11276_025_03901_x
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_comcom_2023_06_021
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_comcom_2023_06_022
crossref_primary_10_1007_s12083_025_01904_1
crossref_primary_10_3390_electronics11182888
crossref_primary_10_3390_app122010664
crossref_primary_10_3390_electronics12122599
crossref_primary_10_1109_TC_2023_3238138
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_sysarc_2022_102444
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_sysarc_2022_102686
crossref_primary_10_1002_cpe_8050
crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2024_3358827
crossref_primary_10_3390_fi15120395
crossref_primary_10_1007_s12065_022_00757_4
crossref_primary_10_1145_3712599
crossref_primary_10_1109_JIOT_2023_3316699
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10586_023_04025_7
crossref_primary_10_1109_JIOT_2024_3366506
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10586_023_04195_4
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_eswa_2024_125762
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00354_022_00199_7
crossref_primary_10_32604_cmc_2024_059616
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10586_024_04578_1
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_sysarc_2023_102979
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10723_024_09744_8
crossref_primary_10_1002_ett_70105
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_iot_2024_101375
crossref_primary_10_3390_su141912829
crossref_primary_10_3390_info13090430
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jnca_2024_103919
crossref_primary_10_3390_fi16010019
crossref_primary_10_1109_COMST_2022_3199544
crossref_primary_10_32604_cmc_2023_033194
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10586_024_04518_z
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11280_022_01047_w
crossref_primary_10_32604_cmc_2023_031750
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jnca_2024_104024
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jnca_2023_103726
crossref_primary_10_3390_app13106079
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jnca_2022_103568
crossref_primary_10_1109_JIOT_2024_3369034
crossref_primary_10_1007_s10586_023_04100_z
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11227_024_06341_0
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00607_025_01443_w
crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2022_3187701
crossref_primary_10_1142_S0218126623501864
crossref_primary_10_1155_2023_4665067
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_sysarc_2022_102779
crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2022_3197585
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_aej_2024_07_049
crossref_primary_10_1145_3603703
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_sysarc_2024_103194
crossref_primary_10_1109_TMC_2024_3457793
crossref_primary_10_1109_JSEN_2024_3419558
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_sysarc_2023_102923
crossref_primary_10_1109_TIV_2022_3225147
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_engappai_2023_107513
crossref_primary_10_7717_peerj_cs_851
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11277_023_10402_7
crossref_primary_10_3390_electronics12173548
crossref_primary_10_1002_dac_5686
crossref_primary_10_3390_electronics12204320
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11276_022_03099_2
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_aej_2024_07_101
crossref_primary_10_1186_s13677_024_00654_4
crossref_primary_10_1002_ett_70020
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_engappai_2024_109966
crossref_primary_10_1007_s11227_022_04756_1
crossref_primary_10_1007_s42979_024_03570_1
crossref_primary_10_1002_cpe_8083
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_adhoc_2022_103044
crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2023_3256522
crossref_primary_10_3390_electronics11030383
crossref_primary_10_1631_FITEE_2300128
crossref_primary_10_4018_JCIT_371753
crossref_primary_10_1002_ett_4966
crossref_primary_10_1145_3609504
crossref_primary_10_1109_TETC_2023_3344133
crossref_primary_10_32604_csse_2023_031841
crossref_primary_10_1109_TWC_2023_3335362
Cites_doi 10.1016/j.sysarc.2019.02.014
10.1016/j.jnca.2020.102781
10.1287/opre.14.4.699
10.1049/el.2019.1179
10.1111/ced.14029
10.1109/JIOT.2020.2972061
10.3390/sym11070842
10.1109/TWC.2016.2633522
10.1002/spe.2839
10.1109/JIOT.2014.2327587
10.1002/itl2.174
10.1109/JIOT.2017.2750180
10.1109/MWC.2019.1800371
10.1109/JIOT.2020.2968951
10.1109/OJCOMS.2020.3008485
10.1145/289.290
10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2900530
10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3029649
10.1109/TVT.2018.2881191
10.1016/j.dcan.2020.04.008
10.1016/j.sysarc.2018.05.001
10.1109/CC.2018.8543056
10.1145/3243929
10.1109/TGCN.2018.2885443
10.1016/j.dcan.2017.07.001
10.1109/MCOM.2018.1701130
10.1109/MC.2016.145
10.1109/MWC.001.1900489
10.1016/j.sysarc.2020.101904
10.3390/app10134643
10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2981434
10.1109/TWC.2012.041912.110912
10.1016/j.sysarc.2019.02.001
10.1109/MCOM.2019.1800971
10.1109/MCOM.2009.5307471
10.1109/JIOT.2018.2868616
10.1109/TWC.2018.2845360
10.1109/SURV.2012.111412.00051
10.1109/TPDS.2014.2316834
10.1109/JIOT.2019.2911455
10.1109/TVT.2016.2593486
10.1109/COMST.2018.2849509
10.1002/sec.1737
10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2938660
10.1016/j.sysarc.2020.101778
10.1109/JPROC.2019.2922285
10.1137/0203021
10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102133
10.1109/MCOM.2018.1701069
10.1109/TVT.2018.2799620
10.1109/COMST.2017.2682318
10.1109/SURV.2013.050113.00090
10.1109/TPDS.2020.3014896
10.1016/j.sysarc.2019.02.004
10.15623/ijret.2013.0202008
10.1109/ACCESS.2017.2685434
10.1109/MVT.2018.2879537
10.1109/TVT.2019.2959410
10.1145/3132479.3132490
10.1109/TVT.2018.2790421
10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3001277
10.1109/JSAC.2018.2815360
10.1109/COMST.2017.2745201
10.1177/003754970107600201
10.1109/MVT.2019.2902637
10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102167
10.1109/TSP.2020.2991383
10.1109/TVT.2019.2895593
10.1109/COMST.2017.2705720
10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2883692
10.1016/j.sysarc.2019.01.019
10.1109/TSC.2014.2381227
10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2896000
10.1109/TPDS.2019.2891695
10.1016/j.sysarc.2020.101834
10.1016/j.dcan.2018.10.003
10.1109/LCOMM.2019.2891662
10.1016/j.sysarc.2020.101970
10.1109/JIOT.2019.2903191
10.1186/s13638-020-01801-6
10.1109/JSAC.2019.2894306
10.1145/3284387
10.1109/MIE.2017.2649104
10.1186/s13677-020-00175-w
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V.
Copyright_xml – notice: 2021 Elsevier B.V.
DBID AAYXX
CITATION
DOI 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225
DatabaseName CrossRef
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
DatabaseTitleList
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Computer Science
EISSN 1873-6165
ExternalDocumentID 10_1016_j_sysarc_2021_102225
S1383762121001570
GroupedDBID --K
--M
-~X
.DC
.~1
0R~
1B1
1~.
1~5
29L
4.4
457
4G.
5GY
5VS
7-5
71M
8P~
AACTN
AAEDT
AAEDW
AAIAV
AAIKJ
AAKOC
AALRI
AAOAW
AAQFI
AAQXK
AAXUO
AAYFN
ABBOA
ABFNM
ABFRF
ABJNI
ABMAC
ABXDB
ABYKQ
ACDAQ
ACGFO
ACGFS
ACNNM
ACRLP
ACZNC
ADBBV
ADEZE
ADJOM
ADMUD
ADTZH
AEBSH
AECPX
AEFWE
AEKER
AENEX
AFKWA
AFTJW
AGHFR
AGUBO
AGYEJ
AHJVU
AHZHX
AIALX
AIEXJ
AIKHN
AITUG
AJBFU
AJOXV
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
AMFUW
AMRAJ
AOUOD
ASPBG
AVWKF
AXJTR
AZFZN
BJAXD
BKOJK
BKOMP
BLXMC
CS3
DU5
EBS
EFJIC
EFLBG
EJD
EO8
EO9
EP2
EP3
FDB
FEDTE
FGOYB
FIRID
FNPLU
FYGXN
G-Q
GBLVA
GBOLZ
HVGLF
HZ~
IHE
J1W
JJJVA
KOM
M41
MO0
MS~
N9A
O-L
O9-
OAUVE
OZT
P-8
P-9
P2P
PC.
PQQKQ
Q38
R2-
RIG
ROL
RPZ
RXW
SBC
SDF
SDG
SDP
SES
SEW
SPC
SPCBC
SST
SSV
SSZ
T5K
TAE
TN5
U5U
UHS
~G-
AATTM
AAXKI
AAYWO
AAYXX
ABWVN
ACRPL
ACVFH
ADCNI
ADNMO
AEIPS
AEUPX
AFJKZ
AFPUW
AFXIZ
AGCQF
AGQPQ
AGRNS
AIGII
AIIUN
AKBMS
AKRWK
AKYEP
ANKPU
APXCP
BNPGV
CITATION
SSH
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c306t-d00745850413016ad1b29a759aa8e0c565d6152cd5cfe1dd94a13904a5ccfeaa3
IEDL.DBID .~1
ISSN 1383-7621
IngestDate Thu Apr 24 23:00:16 EDT 2025
Tue Jul 01 00:29:18 EDT 2025
Fri Feb 23 02:43:51 EST 2024
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Keywords Multi-access edge computing
Survey
Task offloading
Mobile edge computing
Language English
LinkModel DirectLink
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c306t-d00745850413016ad1b29a759aa8e0c565d6152cd5cfe1dd94a13904a5ccfeaa3
ORCID 0000-0002-8856-2846
ParticipantIDs crossref_primary_10_1016_j_sysarc_2021_102225
crossref_citationtrail_10_1016_j_sysarc_2021_102225
elsevier_sciencedirect_doi_10_1016_j_sysarc_2021_102225
ProviderPackageCode CITATION
AAYXX
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate September 2021
2021-09-00
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2021-09-01
PublicationDate_xml – month: 09
  year: 2021
  text: September 2021
PublicationDecade 2020
PublicationTitle Journal of systems architecture
PublicationYear 2021
Publisher Elsevier B.V
Publisher_xml – name: Elsevier B.V
References Lee, Kim, Lee (b2) 2020; 10
ETSI (b43) 2019
You, Huang, Chae, Kim (b57) 2016; 16
Anjum, Abdullah, Tariq, Baltaci, Antonopoulos (b117) 2016
Kuang, Ma, Li, Deng (b92) 2021
Dinh, Tang, La, Quek (b56) 2017; 65
Yang, Liu, Chen, Zhong, Xie (b62) 2019; 7
Chen, Chen, Luo, Wang, Cao, Li (b74) 2020; 6
Ai, Peng, Zhang (b115) 2018; 4
Alameddine, Sharafeddine, Sebbah, Ayoubi, Assi (b46) 2019; 37
Lin, Zeadally, Chen, Labiod, Wang (b36) 2020
Chen (b40) 2014; 26
Alfakih, Hassan, Gumaei, Savaglio, Fortino (b61) 2020; 8
Pham, Fang, Ha, Piran, Le, Le, Hwang, Ding (b29) 2020; 8
Ning, Dong, Kong, Xia (b55) 2018; 6
Chen, Wang (b82) 2020; 2020
Wang, Pan, Esposito, Calyam, Yang, Mohapatra (b37) 2019; 52
Ongsulee (b104) 2017
Baneriee, Chishti, Rahman, Chanazain (b84) 2018
Hoque, Siekkinen, Nurminen (b121) 2012; 16
Tran, Pompili (b41) 2018; 68
Wei, Chen, Zou (b51) 2018; 15
Tanaka, Yoshida, Mori, Takahashi (b27) 2018; 26
Yang, Zhang, Li, Guo, Ji (b59) 2018; 67
Chen, Hao (b44) 2018; 36
Dao, Lee, Cho, Kim, Chung, Keum (b126) 2017
Yang, Cao, Bassey, Li, Qian (b33) 2020
Tang, Zhao, Rafique, Qi, Dou, Ni (b81) 2019; 94
Kuang, Li, Gao, Zhao, Liu (b101) 2019; 6
Schulman, Wolski, Dhariwal, Radford, Klimov (b105) 2017
Yang, Chai, Zhang (b52) 2020
Xiong, Guo, Liu (b75) 2019; 23
Ferrer, Marquès, Jorba (b86) 2019; 51
Luo, Deng, Zhang, Qi (b95) 2019; 97
Pon (b87) 2016
Salman, Elhajj, Kayssi, Chehab (b26) 2015
Jakhar, Kaur (b103) 2020; 45
Lin, Liao, Jin, Li (b125) 2019; 107
Sun, Nakhai (b45) 2020
Jiang, Cheng, Gao, Zhou, Wan (b34) 2019; 7
Ryu, Pham, Luan, Hwang, Kim, Lee (b13) 2019; 11
Hu, Patel, Sabella, Sprecher, Young (b24) 2015; 11
Dinh, Tang, La, Quek (b22) 2017; 65
Wang, Hu, Min, Zhan, Ni, Georgalas (b80) 2019; 57
Lagar-Cavilla, Tolia, De Lara, Satyanarayanan, O’Hallaron (b108) 2007
Porambage, Okwuibe, Liyanage, Ylianttila, Taleb (b1) 2018; 20
Lin, Wang, Xie, Pedram (b21) 2014; 8
Cao, Zhou, Li, Huang, Wu (b77) 2020; 7
Ren, Yu, Cai, He (b58) 2018; 17
Nesterov, Nemirovskii (b111) 1994
Zhang, Zhu, Leng, He, Maharjan, Zhang (b78) 2019; 6
Lu, Cheng, Zhang, Shen, Mark (b124) 2014; 1
Lyu, Tian, Sengul, Zhang (b42) 2016; 66
Vu, Van Huynh, Hoang, Nguyen, Dutkiewicz (b49) 2018
J. Wang, J. Pan, F. Esposito, Elastic urban video surveillance system using edge computing, in: Proceedings of the Workshop on Smart Internet of Things, 2017, pp. 1–6.
Cong, Zhou, Li, Cao, Wei, Li (b11) 2020; 53
Sun, Guo, Song, Zhou, Jiang, Liu, Niu (b65) 2019; 68
Raza, Liu, Ahmed, Anwar, Mirza, Sun, Wang (b71) 2020; 9
Wolsey (b102) 1998
Murty, Kabadi (b112) 1985
Guo, Liu, Zhang (b47) 2018; 56
Lillicrap, Hunt, Pritzel, Heess, Erez, Tassa, Silver, Wierstra (b88) 2015
Nadiminti, De Assunçao, Buyya (b91) 2006; 16
Gu, Zhou, Mumtaz, Frascolla, Bashir (b93) 2018
Xu, Shen, Yin, Khosravi, Wu, Qi, Wan (b7) 2020
Wang, Zhang, Zhang, Wang, Yang, Wang (b31) 2017; 5
Guo, Liu (b15) 2018; 67
Zhang, Guo, Liu, Zhang (b64) 2019; 69
Ni, Tian, Lyu, Fan (b48) 2019; 55
Dai, Zeng, Yu, Wang (b8) 2019; 94
Deng, Li, Liu, Zhang (b9) 2020; 110
Wang, Binstin (b120) 2021; 4
Garcia Lopez, Montresor, Epema, Datta, Higashino, Iamnitchi, Barcellos, Felber, Riviere (b122) 2015
Papadimitratos, De La Fortelle, Evenssen, Brignolo, Cosenza (b123) 2009; 47
Dou, Zhang, Wang, Sun, Huang, Yue (b10) 2020; 111
Wollschlaeger, Sauter, Jasperneite (b127) 2017; 11
Brucker (b19) 2010
Shakarami, Shahidinejad, Ghobaei-Arani (b38) 2020; 50
Varghese, Wang, Barbhuiya, Kilpatrick, Nikolopoulos (b118) 2016
Guo, Liu, Ren, Zhang (b69) 2020; 27
Haleplidis, Pentikousis, Denazis, Salim, Meyer, Koufopavlou (b97) 2015
Takahashi, Tanaka, Kawamura (b110) 2015
Mao, You, Zhang, Huang, Letaief (b30) 2017
Mao, You, Zhang, Huang, Letaief (b16) 2017; 19
Yang, Lu, Wu (b114) 2018; 87
Wang, Lang, Tian, Zhou, Duan, Cao, Zhao (b70) 2020; 7
Gu, Zhou (b68) 2019; 14
Papadimitriou, Steiglitz (b100) 1998
Abbas, Zhang, Taherkordi, Skeie (b28) 2017; 5
Taleb, Samdanis, Mada, Flinck, Dutta, Sabella (b14) 2017; 19
Wu, Peng, Xia, Ma, Zheng, Xie, Pang, Li, Fu, Li (b12) 2021; 113
Salot (b20) 2013; 2
Huang, Feng, Zhang, Qian, Wu (b79) 2019; 5
Schrijver (b99) 1998
Wang, Li, Nai, Chen, Wen (b76) 2021; 117
Attiya, Welch (b89) 2004
Pham, Le, Chung, Hwang (b17) 2019; 7
Wang, Hu, Min, Zomaya, Georgalas (b50) 2020; 32
Mach, Becvar (b32) 2017; 19
Wang, Wang, Huang, Song, Qin (b35) 2020; 8
Qiao, Leng, Zhang, He (b63) 2018; 56
Chouhan (b60) 2019
Sanaei, Abolfazli, Gani, Buyya (b3) 2013; 16
Waldo, Wyant, Wollrath, Kendall (b90) 1996
Liu, Lee (b107) 2014
Liu, Xu, Qi, Ni, Dou (b4) 2021; 114
Wu, Knottenbelt, Wolter (b23) 2019; 30
Sahni (b113) 1974; 3
Kan, Chiang, Wei (b94) 2018
Pochet, Wolsey (b18) 2006
Wang, Wei, Kong, He, Wu, Chen (b73) 2019; 97
King (b83) 1983; 15
Ranaweera, Jurcut, Liyanage (b5) 2019
Geem, Kim, Loganathan (b98) 2001; 76
Bozorgchenani, Tarchi, Corazza (b85) 2018; 3
Sabella, Reznik, Frazao (b116) 2019
Benzekki, El Fergougui, Elbelrhiti Elalaoui (b96) 2016; 9
Shi, Dustdar (b25) 2016; 49
Peng, Ye, Shen (b72) 2019; 26
Hossain, Huynh, Sultana, Nguyen, Park, Hong, Huh (b53) 2020
Hu, Patel, Sabella, Sprecher, Young (b6) 2015; 11
Huang, Wang, Niyato (b109) 2012; 11
Lawler, Wood (b106) 1966; 14
Thananjeyan, Chan, Wong, Nirmalathas (b39) 2020; 1
Guo, Zhang, Liu (b67) 2018; 14
Yu, Wang, Guo (b54) 2018
Liu, Li, Sun (b66) 2019; 7
Dao (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b126) 2017
Chen (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b82) 2020; 2020
Shakarami (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b38) 2020; 50
Guo (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b15) 2018; 67
Garcia Lopez (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b122) 2015
Yang (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b62) 2019; 7
Ning (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b55) 2018; 6
Liu (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b4) 2021; 114
Haleplidis (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b97) 2015
Schrijver (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b99) 1998
Pham (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b29) 2020; 8
Hu (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b6) 2015; 11
Lagar-Cavilla (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b108) 2007
Lin (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b36) 2020
Chen (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b74) 2020; 6
Benzekki (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b96) 2016; 9
Taleb (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b14) 2017; 19
Lu (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b124) 2014; 1
Thananjeyan (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b39) 2020; 1
Chen (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b40) 2014; 26
Hoque (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b121) 2012; 16
Lin (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b125) 2019; 107
Peng (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b72) 2019; 26
Tang (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b81) 2019; 94
Lin (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b21) 2014; 8
Dinh (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b22) 2017; 65
Wang (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b70) 2020; 7
Anjum (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b117) 2016
Bozorgchenani (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b85) 2018; 3
You (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b57) 2016; 16
Huang (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b109) 2012; 11
Mao (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b30) 2017
Tran (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b41) 2018; 68
Yang (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b52) 2020
Pham (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b17) 2019; 7
Ongsulee (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b104) 2017
Lyu (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b42) 2016; 66
Wu (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b12) 2021; 113
Schulman (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b105) 2017
Yu (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b54) 2018
Attiya (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b89) 2004
Yang (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b59) 2018; 67
Jiang (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b34) 2019; 7
Huang (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b79) 2019; 5
Abbas (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b28) 2017; 5
Papadimitriou (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b100) 1998
Mao (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b16) 2017; 19
Takahashi (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b110) 2015
Luo (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b95) 2019; 97
Cong (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b11) 2020; 53
Ren (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b58) 2018; 17
Chouhan (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b60) 2019
Gu (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b68) 2019; 14
Kuang (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b92) 2021
Wang (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b73) 2019; 97
Dou (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b10) 2020; 111
Zhang (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b78) 2019; 6
Liu (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b107) 2014
Ferrer (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b86) 2019; 51
Hu (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b24) 2015; 11
Lillicrap (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b88) 2015
Jakhar (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b103) 2020; 45
Wu (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b23) 2019; 30
Hossain (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b53) 2020
Dai (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b8) 2019; 94
Salman (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b26) 2015
Ryu (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b13) 2019; 11
Ni (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b48) 2019; 55
Guo (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b67) 2018; 14
Raza (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b71) 2020; 9
Wang (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b35) 2020; 8
Murty (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b112) 1985
Brucker (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b19) 2010
Varghese (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b118) 2016
Cao (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b77) 2020; 7
Chen (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b44) 2018; 36
Yang (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b114) 2018; 87
Papadimitratos (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b123) 2009; 47
Wollschlaeger (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b127) 2017; 11
ETSI (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b43) 2019
Wang (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b76) 2021; 117
Guo (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b47) 2018; 56
Sanaei (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b3) 2013; 16
Xiong (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b75) 2019; 23
Zhang (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b64) 2019; 69
Wolsey (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b102) 1998
Pochet (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b18) 2006
Pon (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b87) 2016
Wang (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b37) 2019; 52
10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b119
Sun (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b45) 2020
Nesterov (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b111) 1994
Guo (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b69) 2020; 27
Wang (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b31) 2017; 5
Sabella (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b116) 2019
Porambage (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b1) 2018; 20
Sahni (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b113) 1974; 3
Kan (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b94) 2018
Gu (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b93) 2018
Dinh (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b56) 2017; 65
Lawler (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b106) 1966; 14
Tanaka (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b27) 2018; 26
Qiao (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b63) 2018; 56
Wang (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b80) 2019; 57
Geem (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b98) 2001; 76
Vu (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b49) 2018
Kuang (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b101) 2019; 6
Nadiminti (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b91) 2006; 16
Waldo (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b90) 1996
Wang (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b120) 2021; 4
Lee (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b2) 2020; 10
Wang (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b50) 2020; 32
Wei (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b51) 2018; 15
Shi (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b25) 2016; 49
Ranaweera (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b5) 2019
Alfakih (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b61) 2020; 8
Salot (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b20) 2013; 2
Ai (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b115) 2018; 4
King (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b83) 1983; 15
Deng (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b9) 2020; 110
Baneriee (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b84) 2018
Xu (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b7) 2020
Mach (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b32) 2017; 19
Liu (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b66) 2019; 7
Yang (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b33) 2020
Alameddine (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b46) 2019; 37
Sun (10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b65) 2019; 68
References_xml – year: 2020
  ident: b45
  article-title: An online learning algorithm for distributed task offloading in multi-access edge computing
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Signal Process.
– year: 2019
  ident: b43
  article-title: Multi-access edge computing (MEC); framework and reference architecture
– start-page: 1280
  year: 2017
  end-page: 1282
  ident: b126
  article-title: Multi-tier multi-access edge computing: The role for the fourth industrial revolution
  publication-title: 2017 International Conference on Information and Communication Technology Convergence
– year: 2004
  ident: b89
  article-title: Distributed Computing: Fundamentals, Simulations, and Advanced Topics, Vol. 19
– volume: 5
  start-page: 450
  year: 2017
  end-page: 465
  ident: b28
  article-title: Mobile edge computing: A survey
  publication-title: IEEE Internet Things J.
– volume: 27
  start-page: 126
  year: 2020
  end-page: 132
  ident: b69
  article-title: Intelligent task offloading in vehicular edge computing networks
  publication-title: IEEE Wirel. Commun.
– volume: 7
  start-page: 16444
  year: 2019
  end-page: 16459
  ident: b17
  article-title: Mobile edge computing with wireless backhaul: Joint task offloading and resource allocation
  publication-title: IEEE Access
– reference: J. Wang, J. Pan, F. Esposito, Elastic urban video surveillance system using edge computing, in: Proceedings of the Workshop on Smart Internet of Things, 2017, pp. 1–6.
– volume: 7
  start-page: 26652
  year: 2019
  end-page: 26664
  ident: b62
  article-title: Efficient mobility-aware task offloading for vehicular edge computing networks
  publication-title: IEEE Access
– volume: 87
  start-page: 36
  year: 2018
  end-page: 48
  ident: b114
  article-title: Smart-toy-edge-computing-oriented data exchange based on blockchain
  publication-title: J. Syst. Archit.
– volume: 32
  start-page: 242
  year: 2020
  end-page: 253
  ident: b50
  article-title: Fast adaptive task offloading in edge computing based on meta reinforcement learning
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Parallel Distrib. Syst.
– volume: 11
  start-page: 1991
  year: 2012
  end-page: 1995
  ident: b109
  article-title: A dynamic offloading algorithm for mobile computing
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun.
– volume: 20
  start-page: 2961
  year: 2018
  end-page: 2991
  ident: b1
  article-title: Survey on multi-access edge computing for internet of things realization
  publication-title: IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutor.
– volume: 8
  start-page: 54074
  year: 2020
  end-page: 54084
  ident: b61
  article-title: Task offloading and resource allocation for mobile edge computing by deep reinforcement learning based on SARSA
  publication-title: IEEE Access
– volume: 14
  start-page: 699
  year: 1966
  end-page: 719
  ident: b106
  article-title: Branch-and-bound methods: A survey
  publication-title: Oper. Res.
– volume: 23
  start-page: 538
  year: 2019
  end-page: 541
  ident: b75
  article-title: Task offloading in UAV-aided edge computing: Bit allocation and trajectory optimization
  publication-title: IEEE Commun. Lett.
– volume: 16
  start-page: 579
  year: 2012
  end-page: 597
  ident: b121
  article-title: Energy efficient multimedia streaming to mobile devices—A survey
  publication-title: IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutor.
– volume: 15
  start-page: 149
  year: 2018
  end-page: 157
  ident: b51
  article-title: A greedy algorithm for task offloading in mobile edge computing system
  publication-title: China Commun.
– volume: 65
  start-page: 3571
  year: 2017
  end-page: 3584
  ident: b56
  article-title: Offloading in mobile edge computing: Task allocation and computational frequency scaling
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Commun.
– volume: 68
  start-page: 3061
  year: 2019
  end-page: 3074
  ident: b65
  article-title: Adaptive learning-based task offloading for vehicular edge computing systems
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol.
– volume: 9
  start-page: 5803
  year: 2016
  end-page: 5833
  ident: b96
  article-title: Software-defined networking (SDN): a survey
  publication-title: Secur. Commun. Netw.
– volume: 97
  start-page: 258
  year: 2019
  end-page: 268
  ident: b73
  article-title: ECASS: Edge computing based auxiliary sensing system for self-driving vehicles
  publication-title: J. Syst. Archit.
– volume: 4
  year: 2021
  ident: b120
  article-title: A smart transmission optimization mechanism for sports events based on edge computing
  publication-title: Internet Technol. Lett.
– volume: 3
  start-page: 262
  year: 1974
  end-page: 279
  ident: b113
  article-title: Computationally related problems
  publication-title: SIAM J. Comput.
– volume: 65
  start-page: 3571
  year: 2017
  end-page: 3584
  ident: b22
  article-title: Offloading in mobile edge computing: Task allocation and computational frequency scaling
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Commun.
– volume: 6
  start-page: 7635
  year: 2019
  end-page: 7647
  ident: b78
  article-title: Deep learning empowered task offloading for mobile edge computing in urban informatics
  publication-title: IEEE Internet Things J.
– volume: 16
  start-page: 1397
  year: 2016
  end-page: 1411
  ident: b57
  article-title: Energy-efficient resource allocation for mobile-edge computation offloading
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun.
– volume: 114
  year: 2021
  ident: b4
  article-title: Task scheduling with precedence and placement constraints for resource utilization improvement in multi-user MEC environment
  publication-title: J. Syst. Archit.
– volume: 17
  start-page: 5506
  year: 2018
  end-page: 5519
  ident: b58
  article-title: Latency optimization for resource allocation in mobile-edge computation offloading
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun.
– volume: 16
  start-page: 369
  year: 2013
  end-page: 392
  ident: b3
  article-title: Heterogeneity in mobile cloud computing: taxonomy and open challenges
  publication-title: IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutor.
– volume: 52
  start-page: 1
  year: 2019
  end-page: 23
  ident: b37
  article-title: Edge cloud offloading algorithms: Issues, methods, and perspectives
  publication-title: ACM Comput. Surv.
– volume: 97
  start-page: 34
  year: 2019
  end-page: 39
  ident: b95
  article-title: QoE-driven computation offloading for edge computing
  publication-title: J. Syst. Archit.
– volume: 26
  start-page: 87
  year: 2018
  end-page: 97
  ident: b27
  article-title: Multi-access edge computing: A survey
  publication-title: J. Inf. Process.
– volume: 36
  start-page: 587
  year: 2018
  end-page: 597
  ident: b44
  article-title: Task offloading for mobile edge computing in software defined ultra-dense network
  publication-title: IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun.
– volume: 26
  start-page: 156
  year: 2019
  end-page: 162
  ident: b72
  article-title: SDN-based resource management for autonomous vehicular networks: A multi-access edge computing approach
  publication-title: IEEE Wirel. Commun.
– year: 2010
  ident: b19
  article-title: Scheduling Algorithms
– volume: 8
  start-page: 116974
  year: 2020
  end-page: 117017
  ident: b29
  article-title: A survey of multi-access edge computing in 5G and beyond: Fundamentals, technology integration, and state-of-the-art
  publication-title: IEEE Access
– volume: 69
  start-page: 2092
  year: 2019
  end-page: 2104
  ident: b64
  article-title: Task offloading in vehicular edge computing networks: A load-balancing solution
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol.
– volume: 56
  start-page: 14
  year: 2018
  end-page: 19
  ident: b47
  article-title: Computation offloading for multi-access mobile edge computing in ultra-dense networks
  publication-title: IEEE Commun. Mag.
– volume: 53
  start-page: 1
  year: 2020
  end-page: 44
  ident: b11
  article-title: A survey of hierarchical energy optimization for mobile edge computing: A perspective from end devices to the cloud
  publication-title: ACM Comput. Surv.
– volume: 94
  start-page: 14
  year: 2019
  end-page: 23
  ident: b8
  article-title: A scheduling algorithm for autonomous driving tasks on mobile edge computing servers
  publication-title: J. Syst. Archit.
– start-page: 1
  year: 2017
  end-page: 6
  ident: b104
  article-title: Artificial intelligence, machine learning and deep learning
  publication-title: 2017 15th International Conference on ICT and Knowledge Engineering
– volume: 1
  start-page: 289
  year: 2014
  end-page: 299
  ident: b124
  article-title: Connected vehicles: Solutions and challenges
  publication-title: IEEE Internet Things J.
– volume: 6
  start-page: 4804
  year: 2018
  end-page: 4814
  ident: b55
  article-title: A cooperative partial computation offloading scheme for mobile edge computing enabled Internet of Things
  publication-title: IEEE Internet Things J.
– year: 2015
  ident: b88
  article-title: Continuous control with deep reinforcement learning
– start-page: 1
  year: 2020
  end-page: 6
  ident: b52
  article-title: Latency optimization-based joint task offloading and scheduling for multi-user MEC system
  publication-title: 2020 29th Wireless and Optical Communications Conference
– volume: 94
  start-page: 1
  year: 2019
  end-page: 13
  ident: b81
  article-title: An offloading method using decentralized P2P-enabled mobile edge servers in edge computing
  publication-title: J. Syst. Archit.
– volume: 11
  start-page: 17
  year: 2017
  end-page: 27
  ident: b127
  article-title: The future of industrial communication: Automation networks in the era of the internet of things and industry 4.0
  publication-title: IEEE Ind. Electron. Mag.
– volume: 8
  start-page: 186080
  year: 2020
  end-page: 186101
  ident: b35
  article-title: A survey and taxonomy on task offloading for edge-cloud computing
  publication-title: IEEE Access
– volume: 76
  start-page: 60
  year: 2001
  end-page: 68
  ident: b98
  article-title: A new heuristic optimization algorithm: harmony search
  publication-title: Simulation
– volume: 3
  start-page: 250
  year: 2018
  end-page: 263
  ident: b85
  article-title: Centralized and distributed architectures for energy and delay efficient fog network-based edge computing services
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Green Commun. Netw.
– start-page: 717
  year: 2020
  end-page: 722
  ident: b53
  article-title: Collaborative task offloading for overloaded mobile edge computing in small-cell networks
  publication-title: 2020 International Conference on Information Networking
– volume: 107
  start-page: 1584
  year: 2019
  end-page: 1607
  ident: b125
  article-title: Computation offloading toward edge computing
  publication-title: Proc. IEEE
– volume: 11
  start-page: 842
  year: 2019
  ident: b13
  article-title: Multi-access edge computing empowered heterogeneous networks: A novel architecture and potential works
  publication-title: Symmetry
– volume: 37
  start-page: 668
  year: 2019
  end-page: 682
  ident: b46
  article-title: Dynamic task offloading and scheduling for low-latency IoT services in multi-access edge computing
  publication-title: IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun.
– volume: 111
  year: 2020
  ident: b10
  article-title: Adhd fmri short-time analysis method for edge computing based on multi-instance learning
  publication-title: J. Syst. Archit.
– volume: 7
  start-page: 131543
  year: 2019
  end-page: 131558
  ident: b34
  article-title: Toward computation offloading in edge computing: A survey
  publication-title: IEEE Access
– volume: 11
  start-page: 1
  year: 2015
  end-page: 16
  ident: b6
  article-title: Mobile edge computing—A key technology towards 5G
  publication-title: ETSI White Pap.
– volume: 14
  start-page: 100
  year: 2019
  end-page: 106
  ident: b68
  article-title: Task offloading in vehicular mobile edge computing: A matching-theoretic framework
  publication-title: IEEE Veh. Technol. Mag.
– start-page: 603
  year: 2015
  end-page: 608
  ident: b26
  article-title: Edge computing enabling the Internet of Things
  publication-title: 2015 IEEE 2nd World Forum on Internet of Things
– year: 2017
  ident: b30
  article-title: Mobile edge computing: Survey and research outlook
– volume: 66
  start-page: 3435
  year: 2016
  end-page: 3447
  ident: b42
  article-title: Multiuser joint task offloading and resource optimization in proximate clouds
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol.
– year: 1998
  ident: b100
  article-title: Combinatorial Optimization: Algorithms and Complexity
– volume: 30
  start-page: 1464
  year: 2019
  end-page: 1480
  ident: b23
  article-title: An efficient application partitioning algorithm in mobile environments
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Parallel Distrib. Syst.
– volume: 56
  start-page: 48
  year: 2018
  end-page: 54
  ident: b63
  article-title: Collaborative task offloading in vehicular edge multi-access networks
  publication-title: IEEE Commun. Mag.
– volume: 117
  year: 2021
  ident: b76
  article-title: Dynamic resource allocation for jointing vehicle-edge deep neural network inference
  publication-title: J. Syst. Archit.
– year: 2020
  ident: b7
  article-title: Edge server quantification and placement for offloading social media services in industrial cognitive IoV
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Ind. Inf.
– volume: 7
  start-page: 6201
  year: 2020
  end-page: 6213
  ident: b77
  article-title: Multiagent deep reinforcement learning for joint multichannel access and task offloading of mobile-edge computing in industry 4.0
  publication-title: IEEE Internet Things J.
– start-page: 233
  year: 2015
  end-page: 234
  ident: b110
  article-title: Analysis of process assignment in multi-tier mobile cloud computing and application to edge accelerated web browsing
  publication-title: 2015 3rd IEEE International Conference on Mobile Cloud Computing, Services, and Engineering
– volume: 5
  start-page: 6757
  year: 2017
  end-page: 6779
  ident: b31
  article-title: A survey on mobile edge networks: Convergence of computing, caching and communications
  publication-title: Ieee Access
– volume: 57
  start-page: 64
  year: 2019
  end-page: 69
  ident: b80
  article-title: Computation offloading in multi-access edge computing using a deep sequential model based on reinforcement learning
  publication-title: IEEE Commun. Mag.
– volume: 8
  start-page: 175
  year: 2014
  end-page: 186
  ident: b21
  article-title: Task scheduling with dynamic voltage and frequency scaling for energy minimization in the mobile cloud computing environment
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Serv. Comput.
– start-page: 1
  year: 2018
  end-page: 6
  ident: b93
  article-title: Context-aware task offloading for multi-access edge computing: Matching with externalities
  publication-title: 2018 IEEE Global Communications Conference
– year: 2019
  ident: b116
  article-title: Multi-Access Edge Computing in Action
– volume: 50
  start-page: 1719
  year: 2020
  end-page: 1759
  ident: b38
  article-title: A review on the computation offloading approaches in mobile edge computing: A g ame-theoretic perspective
  publication-title: Softw. - Pract. Exp.
– year: 2020
  ident: b36
  article-title: A survey on computation offloading modeling for edge computing
  publication-title: J. Netw. Comput. Appl.
– year: 2017
  ident: b105
  article-title: Proximal policy optimization algorithms
– volume: 15
  start-page: 319
  year: 1983
  end-page: 349
  ident: b83
  article-title: Centralized versus decentralized computing: Organizational considerations and management options
  publication-title: ACM Comput. Surv.
– volume: 14
  start-page: 45
  year: 2018
  end-page: 53
  ident: b67
  article-title: FiWi-enhanced vehicular edge computing networks: Collaborative task offloading
  publication-title: IEEE Veh. Technol. Mag.
– start-page: 1
  year: 2018
  end-page: 4
  ident: b54
  article-title: Energy-efficient task offloading and resource scheduling for mobile edge computing
  publication-title: 2018 IEEE International Conference on Networking, Architecture and Storage
– volume: 55
  start-page: 839
  year: 2019
  end-page: 841
  ident: b48
  article-title: Service-dependent task offloading for multiuser mobile edge computing system
  publication-title: Electron. Lett.
– volume: 2
  start-page: 131
  year: 2013
  end-page: 135
  ident: b20
  article-title: A survey of various scheduling algorithm in cloud computing environment
  publication-title: Int. J. Res. Eng. Technol.
– start-page: 1
  year: 2019
  end-page: 6
  ident: b60
  article-title: Energy optimal partial computation offloading framework for mobile devices in multi-access edge computing
  publication-title: 2019 International Conference on Software, Telecommunications and Computer Networks
– year: 1998
  ident: b102
  article-title: Integer Programming, Vol. 52
– year: 1998
  ident: b99
  article-title: Theory of Linear and Integer Programming
– year: 2015
  ident: b122
  article-title: Edge-Centric Computing: Vision and Challenges
– volume: 51
  start-page: 1
  year: 2019
  end-page: 36
  ident: b86
  article-title: Towards the decentralised cloud: Survey on approaches and challenges for mobile, ad hoc, and edge computing
  publication-title: ACM Comput. Surv.
– start-page: 1
  year: 2019
  end-page: 7
  ident: b5
  article-title: Realizing multi-access edge computing feasibility: Security perspective
  publication-title: 2019 IEEE Conference on Standards for Communications and Networking
– start-page: 20
  year: 2016
  end-page: 26
  ident: b118
  article-title: Challenges and opportunities in edge computing
  publication-title: 2016 IEEE International Conference on Smart Cloud
– volume: 19
  start-page: 1628
  year: 2017
  end-page: 1656
  ident: b32
  article-title: Mobile edge computing: A survey on architecture and computation offloading
  publication-title: IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutor.
– volume: 9
  start-page: 1
  year: 2020
  end-page: 14
  ident: b71
  article-title: An efficient task offloading scheme in vehicular edge computing
  publication-title: J. Cloud Comput.
– volume: 49
  start-page: 78
  year: 2016
  end-page: 81
  ident: b25
  article-title: The promise of edge computing
  publication-title: Computer
– year: 1994
  ident: b111
  article-title: Interior-Point Polynomial Algorithms in Convex Programming
– volume: 19
  start-page: 2322
  year: 2017
  end-page: 2358
  ident: b16
  article-title: A survey on mobile edge computing: The communication perspective
  publication-title: IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutor.
– start-page: 1868
  year: 2014
  end-page: 1873
  ident: b107
  article-title: An effective dynamic programming offloading algorithm in mobile cloud computing system
  publication-title: 2014 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference
– year: 2020
  ident: b33
  article-title: Computation offloading in multi-access edge computing: A multi-task learning approach
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Mob. Comput.
– volume: 19
  start-page: 1657
  year: 2017
  end-page: 1681
  ident: b14
  article-title: On multi-access edge computing: A survey of the emerging 5G network edge cloud architecture and orchestration
  publication-title: IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutor.
– start-page: 49
  year: 1996
  end-page: 64
  ident: b90
  article-title: A note on distributed computing
  publication-title: International Workshop on Mobile Object Systems
– year: 2016
  ident: b87
  article-title: Blockchain will usher in the era of decentralised computing
  publication-title: LSE Bus. Rev.
– year: 2015
  ident: b97
  article-title: Software-defined networking (SDN): Layers and architecture terminology
  publication-title: RFC 7426
– volume: 68
  start-page: 856
  year: 2018
  end-page: 868
  ident: b41
  article-title: Joint task offloading and resource allocation for multi-server mobile-edge computing networks
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol.
– volume: 7
  start-page: 4987
  year: 2020
  end-page: 4996
  ident: b70
  article-title: A game-based computation offloading method in vehicular multiaccess edge computing networks
  publication-title: IEEE Internet Things J.
– volume: 6
  start-page: 433
  year: 2020
  end-page: 443
  ident: b74
  article-title: An intelligent task offloading algorithm (iTOA) for UAV edge computing network
  publication-title: Digit. Commun. Netw.
– volume: 1
  start-page: 1056
  year: 2020
  end-page: 1065
  ident: b39
  article-title: Mobility-aware energy optimization in hosts selection for computation offloading in multi-access edge computing
  publication-title: IEEE Open J. Commun. Soc.
– year: 2016
  ident: b117
  article-title: Video stream analysis in clouds: An object detection and classification framework for high performance video analytics
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Cloud Comput.
– year: 1985
  ident: b112
  article-title: Some NP-Complete Problems in Quadratic and Nonlinear Programming
– volume: 6
  start-page: 6774
  year: 2019
  end-page: 6785
  ident: b101
  article-title: Partial offloading scheduling and power allocation for mobile edge computing systems
  publication-title: IEEE Internet Things J.
– year: 2006
  ident: b18
  article-title: Production Planning By Mixed Integer Programming
– volume: 7
  start-page: 27628
  year: 2019
  end-page: 27640
  ident: b66
  article-title: Matching-based task offloading for vehicular edge computing
  publication-title: IEEE Access
– year: 2021
  ident: b92
  article-title: Cooperative computation offloading and resource allocation for delay minimization in mobile edge computing
  publication-title: J. Syst. Archit.
– volume: 67
  start-page: 4514
  year: 2018
  end-page: 4526
  ident: b15
  article-title: Collaborative computation offloading for multiaccess edge computing over fiber–wireless networks
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol.
– start-page: 1
  year: 2018
  end-page: 5
  ident: b84
  article-title: Centralized framework for workload distribution in fog computing
  publication-title: 2018 3rd International Conference for Convergence in Technology
– volume: 26
  start-page: 974
  year: 2014
  end-page: 983
  ident: b40
  article-title: Decentralized computation offloading game for mobile cloud computing
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Parallel Distrib. Syst.
– volume: 16
  start-page: 1
  year: 2006
  end-page: 5
  ident: b91
  article-title: Distributed systems and recent innovations: Challenges and benefits
  publication-title: InfoNet Mag.
– volume: 67
  start-page: 6398
  year: 2018
  end-page: 6409
  ident: b59
  article-title: Mobile edge computing empowered energy efficient task offloading in 5G
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol.
– volume: 113
  year: 2021
  ident: b12
  article-title: Online user allocation in mobile edge computing environments: A decentralized reactive approach
  publication-title: J. Syst. Archit.
– volume: 5
  start-page: 10
  year: 2019
  end-page: 17
  ident: b79
  article-title: Deep reinforcement learning-based joint task offloading and bandwidth allocation for multi-user mobile edge computing
  publication-title: Digit. Commun. Netw.
– start-page: 143
  year: 2007
  end-page: 163
  ident: b108
  article-title: Interactive resource-intensive applications made easy
  publication-title: ACM/IFIP/USENIX International Conference on Distributed Systems Platforms and Open Distributed Processing
– volume: 4
  start-page: 77
  year: 2018
  end-page: 86
  ident: b115
  article-title: Edge computing technologies for Internet of Things: a primer
  publication-title: Digit. Commun. Netw.
– volume: 110
  year: 2020
  ident: b9
  article-title: Task allocation algorithm and optimization model on edge collaboration
  publication-title: J. Syst. Archit.
– volume: 11
  start-page: 1
  year: 2015
  end-page: 16
  ident: b24
  article-title: Mobile edge computing—A key technology towards 5G
  publication-title: ETSI White Pap.
– start-page: 1
  year: 2018
  end-page: 4
  ident: b94
  article-title: Task offloading and resource allocation in mobile-edge computing system
  publication-title: 2018 27th Wireless and Optical Communication Conference
– volume: 45
  start-page: 131
  year: 2020
  end-page: 132
  ident: b103
  article-title: Artificial intelligence, machine learning and deep learning: definitions and differences
  publication-title: Clin. Exp. Dermatol.
– volume: 10
  start-page: 4643
  year: 2020
  ident: b2
  article-title: Mobile personal multi-access edge computing architecture composed of individual user devices
  publication-title: Appl. Sci.
– start-page: 1
  year: 2018
  end-page: 6
  ident: b49
  article-title: Offloading energy efficiency with delay constraint for cooperative mobile edge computing networks
  publication-title: 2018 IEEE Global Communications Conference
– volume: 47
  start-page: 84
  year: 2009
  end-page: 95
  ident: b123
  article-title: Vehicular communication systems: Enabling technologies, applications, and future outlook on intelligent transportation
  publication-title: IEEE Commun. Mag.
– volume: 2020
  start-page: 1
  year: 2020
  end-page: 21
  ident: b82
  article-title: Decentralized computation offloading for multi-user mobile edge computing: A deep reinforcement learning approach
  publication-title: EURASIP J. Wireless Commun. Networking
– volume: 65
  start-page: 3571
  issue: 8
  year: 2017
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b22
  article-title: Offloading in mobile edge computing: Task allocation and computational frequency scaling
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Commun.
– volume: 97
  start-page: 258
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b73
  article-title: ECASS: Edge computing based auxiliary sensing system for self-driving vehicles
  publication-title: J. Syst. Archit.
  doi: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2019.02.014
– year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b36
  article-title: A survey on computation offloading modeling for edge computing
  publication-title: J. Netw. Comput. Appl.
  doi: 10.1016/j.jnca.2020.102781
– volume: 14
  start-page: 699
  issue: 4
  year: 1966
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b106
  article-title: Branch-and-bound methods: A survey
  publication-title: Oper. Res.
  doi: 10.1287/opre.14.4.699
– volume: 55
  start-page: 839
  issue: 15
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b48
  article-title: Service-dependent task offloading for multiuser mobile edge computing system
  publication-title: Electron. Lett.
  doi: 10.1049/el.2019.1179
– volume: 45
  start-page: 131
  issue: 1
  year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b103
  article-title: Artificial intelligence, machine learning and deep learning: definitions and differences
  publication-title: Clin. Exp. Dermatol.
  doi: 10.1111/ced.14029
– volume: 7
  start-page: 4987
  issue: 6
  year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b70
  article-title: A game-based computation offloading method in vehicular multiaccess edge computing networks
  publication-title: IEEE Internet Things J.
  doi: 10.1109/JIOT.2020.2972061
– start-page: 1280
  year: 2017
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b126
  article-title: Multi-tier multi-access edge computing: The role for the fourth industrial revolution
– year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b33
  article-title: Computation offloading in multi-access edge computing: A multi-task learning approach
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Mob. Comput.
– year: 2015
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b122
– start-page: 717
  year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b53
  article-title: Collaborative task offloading for overloaded mobile edge computing in small-cell networks
– volume: 11
  start-page: 842
  issue: 7
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b13
  article-title: Multi-access edge computing empowered heterogeneous networks: A novel architecture and potential works
  publication-title: Symmetry
  doi: 10.3390/sym11070842
– volume: 16
  start-page: 1397
  issue: 3
  year: 2016
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b57
  article-title: Energy-efficient resource allocation for mobile-edge computation offloading
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun.
  doi: 10.1109/TWC.2016.2633522
– volume: 50
  start-page: 1719
  issue: 9
  year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b38
  article-title: A review on the computation offloading approaches in mobile edge computing: A g ame-theoretic perspective
  publication-title: Softw. - Pract. Exp.
  doi: 10.1002/spe.2839
– volume: 1
  start-page: 289
  issue: 4
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b124
  article-title: Connected vehicles: Solutions and challenges
  publication-title: IEEE Internet Things J.
  doi: 10.1109/JIOT.2014.2327587
– year: 2004
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b89
– volume: 4
  issue: 1
  year: 2021
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b120
  article-title: A smart transmission optimization mechanism for sports events based on edge computing
  publication-title: Internet Technol. Lett.
  doi: 10.1002/itl2.174
– volume: 5
  start-page: 450
  issue: 1
  year: 2017
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b28
  article-title: Mobile edge computing: A survey
  publication-title: IEEE Internet Things J.
  doi: 10.1109/JIOT.2017.2750180
– volume: 26
  start-page: 156
  issue: 4
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b72
  article-title: SDN-based resource management for autonomous vehicular networks: A multi-access edge computing approach
  publication-title: IEEE Wirel. Commun.
  doi: 10.1109/MWC.2019.1800371
– volume: 7
  start-page: 6201
  issue: 7
  year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b77
  article-title: Multiagent deep reinforcement learning for joint multichannel access and task offloading of mobile-edge computing in industry 4.0
  publication-title: IEEE Internet Things J.
  doi: 10.1109/JIOT.2020.2968951
– volume: 1
  start-page: 1056
  year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b39
  article-title: Mobility-aware energy optimization in hosts selection for computation offloading in multi-access edge computing
  publication-title: IEEE Open J. Commun. Soc.
  doi: 10.1109/OJCOMS.2020.3008485
– volume: 15
  start-page: 319
  issue: 4
  year: 1983
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b83
  article-title: Centralized versus decentralized computing: Organizational considerations and management options
  publication-title: ACM Comput. Surv.
  doi: 10.1145/289.290
– year: 2017
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b105
– volume: 7
  start-page: 26652
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b62
  article-title: Efficient mobility-aware task offloading for vehicular edge computing networks
  publication-title: IEEE Access
  doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2900530
– volume: 8
  start-page: 186080
  year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b35
  article-title: A survey and taxonomy on task offloading for edge-cloud computing
  publication-title: IEEE Access
  doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3029649
– start-page: 1
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b94
  article-title: Task offloading and resource allocation in mobile-edge computing system
– volume: 68
  start-page: 856
  issue: 1
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b41
  article-title: Joint task offloading and resource allocation for multi-server mobile-edge computing networks
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol.
  doi: 10.1109/TVT.2018.2881191
– volume: 6
  start-page: 433
  issue: 4
  year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b74
  article-title: An intelligent task offloading algorithm (iTOA) for UAV edge computing network
  publication-title: Digit. Commun. Netw.
  doi: 10.1016/j.dcan.2020.04.008
– start-page: 20
  year: 2016
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b118
  article-title: Challenges and opportunities in edge computing
– volume: 11
  start-page: 1
  issue: 11
  year: 2015
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b24
  article-title: Mobile edge computing—A key technology towards 5G
  publication-title: ETSI White Pap.
– year: 1998
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b100
– start-page: 1
  year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b52
  article-title: Latency optimization-based joint task offloading and scheduling for multi-user MEC system
– volume: 87
  start-page: 36
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b114
  article-title: Smart-toy-edge-computing-oriented data exchange based on blockchain
  publication-title: J. Syst. Archit.
  doi: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2018.05.001
– volume: 15
  start-page: 149
  issue: 11
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b51
  article-title: A greedy algorithm for task offloading in mobile edge computing system
  publication-title: China Commun.
  doi: 10.1109/CC.2018.8543056
– volume: 51
  start-page: 1
  issue: 6
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b86
  article-title: Towards the decentralised cloud: Survey on approaches and challenges for mobile, ad hoc, and edge computing
  publication-title: ACM Comput. Surv.
  doi: 10.1145/3243929
– start-page: 603
  year: 2015
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b26
  article-title: Edge computing enabling the Internet of Things
– volume: 3
  start-page: 250
  issue: 1
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b85
  article-title: Centralized and distributed architectures for energy and delay efficient fog network-based edge computing services
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Green Commun. Netw.
  doi: 10.1109/TGCN.2018.2885443
– start-page: 143
  year: 2007
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b108
  article-title: Interactive resource-intensive applications made easy
– volume: 4
  start-page: 77
  issue: 2
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b115
  article-title: Edge computing technologies for Internet of Things: a primer
  publication-title: Digit. Commun. Netw.
  doi: 10.1016/j.dcan.2017.07.001
– volume: 56
  start-page: 48
  issue: 8
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b63
  article-title: Collaborative task offloading in vehicular edge multi-access networks
  publication-title: IEEE Commun. Mag.
  doi: 10.1109/MCOM.2018.1701130
– volume: 49
  start-page: 78
  issue: 5
  year: 2016
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b25
  article-title: The promise of edge computing
  publication-title: Computer
  doi: 10.1109/MC.2016.145
– volume: 27
  start-page: 126
  issue: 4
  year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b69
  article-title: Intelligent task offloading in vehicular edge computing networks
  publication-title: IEEE Wirel. Commun.
  doi: 10.1109/MWC.001.1900489
– volume: 113
  year: 2021
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b12
  article-title: Online user allocation in mobile edge computing environments: A decentralized reactive approach
  publication-title: J. Syst. Archit.
  doi: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2020.101904
– volume: 10
  start-page: 4643
  issue: 13
  year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b2
  article-title: Mobile personal multi-access edge computing architecture composed of individual user devices
  publication-title: Appl. Sci.
  doi: 10.3390/app10134643
– year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b116
– volume: 8
  start-page: 54074
  year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b61
  article-title: Task offloading and resource allocation for mobile edge computing by deep reinforcement learning based on SARSA
  publication-title: IEEE Access
  doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2981434
– volume: 11
  start-page: 1991
  issue: 6
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b109
  article-title: A dynamic offloading algorithm for mobile computing
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun.
  doi: 10.1109/TWC.2012.041912.110912
– year: 2016
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b117
  article-title: Video stream analysis in clouds: An object detection and classification framework for high performance video analytics
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Cloud Comput.
– volume: 53
  start-page: 1
  issue: 2
  year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b11
  article-title: A survey of hierarchical energy optimization for mobile edge computing: A perspective from end devices to the cloud
  publication-title: ACM Comput. Surv.
– volume: 94
  start-page: 1
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b81
  article-title: An offloading method using decentralized P2P-enabled mobile edge servers in edge computing
  publication-title: J. Syst. Archit.
  doi: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2019.02.001
– volume: 57
  start-page: 64
  issue: 5
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b80
  article-title: Computation offloading in multi-access edge computing using a deep sequential model based on reinforcement learning
  publication-title: IEEE Commun. Mag.
  doi: 10.1109/MCOM.2019.1800971
– year: 1985
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b112
– volume: 47
  start-page: 84
  issue: 11
  year: 2009
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b123
  article-title: Vehicular communication systems: Enabling technologies, applications, and future outlook on intelligent transportation
  publication-title: IEEE Commun. Mag.
  doi: 10.1109/MCOM.2009.5307471
– year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b43
– volume: 6
  start-page: 4804
  issue: 3
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b55
  article-title: A cooperative partial computation offloading scheme for mobile edge computing enabled Internet of Things
  publication-title: IEEE Internet Things J.
  doi: 10.1109/JIOT.2018.2868616
– start-page: 233
  year: 2015
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b110
  article-title: Analysis of process assignment in multi-tier mobile cloud computing and application to edge accelerated web browsing
– year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b7
  article-title: Edge server quantification and placement for offloading social media services in industrial cognitive IoV
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Ind. Inf.
– volume: 17
  start-page: 5506
  issue: 8
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b58
  article-title: Latency optimization for resource allocation in mobile-edge computation offloading
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun.
  doi: 10.1109/TWC.2018.2845360
– volume: 16
  start-page: 579
  issue: 1
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b121
  article-title: Energy efficient multimedia streaming to mobile devices—A survey
  publication-title: IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutor.
  doi: 10.1109/SURV.2012.111412.00051
– volume: 26
  start-page: 974
  issue: 4
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b40
  article-title: Decentralized computation offloading game for mobile cloud computing
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Parallel Distrib. Syst.
  doi: 10.1109/TPDS.2014.2316834
– start-page: 1
  year: 2017
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b104
  article-title: Artificial intelligence, machine learning and deep learning
– volume: 6
  start-page: 6774
  issue: 4
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b101
  article-title: Partial offloading scheduling and power allocation for mobile edge computing systems
  publication-title: IEEE Internet Things J.
  doi: 10.1109/JIOT.2019.2911455
– volume: 26
  start-page: 87
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b27
  article-title: Multi-access edge computing: A survey
  publication-title: J. Inf. Process.
– volume: 66
  start-page: 3435
  issue: 4
  year: 2016
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b42
  article-title: Multiuser joint task offloading and resource optimization in proximate clouds
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol.
  doi: 10.1109/TVT.2016.2593486
– year: 1998
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b102
– volume: 20
  start-page: 2961
  issue: 4
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b1
  article-title: Survey on multi-access edge computing for internet of things realization
  publication-title: IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutor.
  doi: 10.1109/COMST.2018.2849509
– year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b19
– volume: 65
  start-page: 3571
  issue: 8
  year: 2017
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b56
  article-title: Offloading in mobile edge computing: Task allocation and computational frequency scaling
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Commun.
– volume: 9
  start-page: 5803
  issue: 18
  year: 2016
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b96
  article-title: Software-defined networking (SDN): a survey
  publication-title: Secur. Commun. Netw.
  doi: 10.1002/sec.1737
– volume: 7
  start-page: 131543
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b34
  article-title: Toward computation offloading in edge computing: A survey
  publication-title: IEEE Access
  doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2938660
– volume: 110
  year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b9
  article-title: Task allocation algorithm and optimization model on edge collaboration
  publication-title: J. Syst. Archit.
  doi: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2020.101778
– volume: 107
  start-page: 1584
  issue: 8
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b125
  article-title: Computation offloading toward edge computing
  publication-title: Proc. IEEE
  doi: 10.1109/JPROC.2019.2922285
– volume: 3
  start-page: 262
  issue: 4
  year: 1974
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b113
  article-title: Computationally related problems
  publication-title: SIAM J. Comput.
  doi: 10.1137/0203021
– volume: 117
  year: 2021
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b76
  article-title: Dynamic resource allocation for jointing vehicle-edge deep neural network inference
  publication-title: J. Syst. Archit.
  doi: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102133
– start-page: 1
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b93
  article-title: Context-aware task offloading for multi-access edge computing: Matching with externalities
– volume: 56
  start-page: 14
  issue: 8
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b47
  article-title: Computation offloading for multi-access mobile edge computing in ultra-dense networks
  publication-title: IEEE Commun. Mag.
  doi: 10.1109/MCOM.2018.1701069
– volume: 67
  start-page: 6398
  issue: 7
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b59
  article-title: Mobile edge computing empowered energy efficient task offloading in 5G
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol.
  doi: 10.1109/TVT.2018.2799620
– year: 2006
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b18
– volume: 19
  start-page: 1628
  issue: 3
  year: 2017
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b32
  article-title: Mobile edge computing: A survey on architecture and computation offloading
  publication-title: IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutor.
  doi: 10.1109/COMST.2017.2682318
– volume: 16
  start-page: 369
  issue: 1
  year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b3
  article-title: Heterogeneity in mobile cloud computing: taxonomy and open challenges
  publication-title: IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutor.
  doi: 10.1109/SURV.2013.050113.00090
– year: 2015
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b88
– volume: 32
  start-page: 242
  issue: 1
  year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b50
  article-title: Fast adaptive task offloading in edge computing based on meta reinforcement learning
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Parallel Distrib. Syst.
  doi: 10.1109/TPDS.2020.3014896
– volume: 94
  start-page: 14
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b8
  article-title: A scheduling algorithm for autonomous driving tasks on mobile edge computing servers
  publication-title: J. Syst. Archit.
  doi: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2019.02.004
– start-page: 1
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b60
  article-title: Energy optimal partial computation offloading framework for mobile devices in multi-access edge computing
– start-page: 1868
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b107
  article-title: An effective dynamic programming offloading algorithm in mobile cloud computing system
– volume: 2
  start-page: 131
  issue: 2
  year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b20
  article-title: A survey of various scheduling algorithm in cloud computing environment
  publication-title: Int. J. Res. Eng. Technol.
  doi: 10.15623/ijret.2013.0202008
– volume: 5
  start-page: 6757
  year: 2017
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b31
  article-title: A survey on mobile edge networks: Convergence of computing, caching and communications
  publication-title: Ieee Access
  doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2017.2685434
– volume: 14
  start-page: 45
  issue: 1
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b67
  article-title: FiWi-enhanced vehicular edge computing networks: Collaborative task offloading
  publication-title: IEEE Veh. Technol. Mag.
  doi: 10.1109/MVT.2018.2879537
– volume: 69
  start-page: 2092
  issue: 2
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b64
  article-title: Task offloading in vehicular edge computing networks: A load-balancing solution
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol.
  doi: 10.1109/TVT.2019.2959410
– start-page: 1
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b54
  article-title: Energy-efficient task offloading and resource scheduling for mobile edge computing
– ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b119
  doi: 10.1145/3132479.3132490
– volume: 67
  start-page: 4514
  issue: 5
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b15
  article-title: Collaborative computation offloading for multiaccess edge computing over fiber–wireless networks
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol.
  doi: 10.1109/TVT.2018.2790421
– start-page: 49
  year: 1996
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b90
  article-title: A note on distributed computing
– volume: 8
  start-page: 116974
  year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b29
  article-title: A survey of multi-access edge computing in 5G and beyond: Fundamentals, technology integration, and state-of-the-art
  publication-title: IEEE Access
  doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3001277
– volume: 36
  start-page: 587
  issue: 3
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b44
  article-title: Task offloading for mobile edge computing in software defined ultra-dense network
  publication-title: IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun.
  doi: 10.1109/JSAC.2018.2815360
– volume: 19
  start-page: 2322
  issue: 4
  year: 2017
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b16
  article-title: A survey on mobile edge computing: The communication perspective
  publication-title: IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutor.
  doi: 10.1109/COMST.2017.2745201
– volume: 76
  start-page: 60
  issue: 2
  year: 2001
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b98
  article-title: A new heuristic optimization algorithm: harmony search
  publication-title: Simulation
  doi: 10.1177/003754970107600201
– start-page: 1
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b5
  article-title: Realizing multi-access edge computing feasibility: Security perspective
– volume: 14
  start-page: 100
  issue: 3
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b68
  article-title: Task offloading in vehicular mobile edge computing: A matching-theoretic framework
  publication-title: IEEE Veh. Technol. Mag.
  doi: 10.1109/MVT.2019.2902637
– year: 2021
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b92
  article-title: Cooperative computation offloading and resource allocation for delay minimization in mobile edge computing
  publication-title: J. Syst. Archit.
  doi: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102167
– year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b45
  article-title: An online learning algorithm for distributed task offloading in multi-access edge computing
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Signal Process.
  doi: 10.1109/TSP.2020.2991383
– volume: 68
  start-page: 3061
  issue: 4
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b65
  article-title: Adaptive learning-based task offloading for vehicular edge computing systems
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol.
  doi: 10.1109/TVT.2019.2895593
– volume: 16
  start-page: 1
  issue: 3
  year: 2006
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b91
  article-title: Distributed systems and recent innovations: Challenges and benefits
  publication-title: InfoNet Mag.
– volume: 19
  start-page: 1657
  issue: 3
  year: 2017
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b14
  article-title: On multi-access edge computing: A survey of the emerging 5G network edge cloud architecture and orchestration
  publication-title: IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutor.
  doi: 10.1109/COMST.2017.2705720
– volume: 7
  start-page: 16444
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b17
  article-title: Mobile edge computing with wireless backhaul: Joint task offloading and resource allocation
  publication-title: IEEE Access
  doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2883692
– start-page: 1
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b49
  article-title: Offloading energy efficiency with delay constraint for cooperative mobile edge computing networks
– volume: 97
  start-page: 34
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b95
  article-title: QoE-driven computation offloading for edge computing
  publication-title: J. Syst. Archit.
  doi: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2019.01.019
– volume: 8
  start-page: 175
  issue: 2
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b21
  article-title: Task scheduling with dynamic voltage and frequency scaling for energy minimization in the mobile cloud computing environment
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Serv. Comput.
  doi: 10.1109/TSC.2014.2381227
– volume: 7
  start-page: 27628
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b66
  article-title: Matching-based task offloading for vehicular edge computing
  publication-title: IEEE Access
  doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2896000
– year: 2015
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b97
  article-title: Software-defined networking (SDN): Layers and architecture terminology
– volume: 30
  start-page: 1464
  issue: 7
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b23
  article-title: An efficient application partitioning algorithm in mobile environments
  publication-title: IEEE Trans. Parallel Distrib. Syst.
  doi: 10.1109/TPDS.2019.2891695
– start-page: 1
  year: 2018
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b84
  article-title: Centralized framework for workload distribution in fog computing
– year: 1994
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b111
– volume: 111
  year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b10
  article-title: Adhd fmri short-time analysis method for edge computing based on multi-instance learning
  publication-title: J. Syst. Archit.
  doi: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2020.101834
– volume: 5
  start-page: 10
  issue: 1
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b79
  article-title: Deep reinforcement learning-based joint task offloading and bandwidth allocation for multi-user mobile edge computing
  publication-title: Digit. Commun. Netw.
  doi: 10.1016/j.dcan.2018.10.003
– year: 2016
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b87
  article-title: Blockchain will usher in the era of decentralised computing
  publication-title: LSE Bus. Rev.
– volume: 23
  start-page: 538
  issue: 3
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b75
  article-title: Task offloading in UAV-aided edge computing: Bit allocation and trajectory optimization
  publication-title: IEEE Commun. Lett.
  doi: 10.1109/LCOMM.2019.2891662
– volume: 114
  year: 2021
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b4
  article-title: Task scheduling with precedence and placement constraints for resource utilization improvement in multi-user MEC environment
  publication-title: J. Syst. Archit.
  doi: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2020.101970
– volume: 11
  start-page: 1
  issue: 11
  year: 2015
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b6
  article-title: Mobile edge computing—A key technology towards 5G
  publication-title: ETSI White Pap.
– volume: 6
  start-page: 7635
  issue: 5
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b78
  article-title: Deep learning empowered task offloading for mobile edge computing in urban informatics
  publication-title: IEEE Internet Things J.
  doi: 10.1109/JIOT.2019.2903191
– volume: 2020
  start-page: 1
  issue: 1
  year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b82
  article-title: Decentralized computation offloading for multi-user mobile edge computing: A deep reinforcement learning approach
  publication-title: EURASIP J. Wireless Commun. Networking
  doi: 10.1186/s13638-020-01801-6
– year: 1998
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b99
– volume: 37
  start-page: 668
  issue: 3
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b46
  article-title: Dynamic task offloading and scheduling for low-latency IoT services in multi-access edge computing
  publication-title: IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun.
  doi: 10.1109/JSAC.2019.2894306
– volume: 52
  start-page: 1
  issue: 1
  year: 2019
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b37
  article-title: Edge cloud offloading algorithms: Issues, methods, and perspectives
  publication-title: ACM Comput. Surv.
  doi: 10.1145/3284387
– year: 2017
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b30
– volume: 11
  start-page: 17
  issue: 1
  year: 2017
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b127
  article-title: The future of industrial communication: Automation networks in the era of the internet of things and industry 4.0
  publication-title: IEEE Ind. Electron. Mag.
  doi: 10.1109/MIE.2017.2649104
– volume: 9
  start-page: 1
  year: 2020
  ident: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225_b71
  article-title: An efficient task offloading scheme in vehicular edge computing
  publication-title: J. Cloud Comput.
  doi: 10.1186/s13677-020-00175-w
SSID ssj0005512
Score 2.6317687
SecondaryResourceType review_article
Snippet With the advent of new technologies in both hardware and software, we are in the need of a new type of application that requires huge computation power and...
SourceID crossref
elsevier
SourceType Enrichment Source
Index Database
Publisher
StartPage 102225
SubjectTerms Mobile edge computing
Multi-access edge computing
Survey
Task offloading
Title A Survey on Task Offloading in Multi-access Edge Computing
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102225
Volume 118
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
link http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV3NS8MwFA9jXrz4Lc6PkYPXuCZNmtbbGBtTcR42YbeSr8p0dGMfwi7-7SZNKxNEwWPTl1J-fX3v98j7AOCacGx4SCQiKpCIyihGkgqOEk5YyGUW0tgVJz8Oov4zvR-zcQ10qloYl1ZZ2n5v0wtrXa60SjRb88mkNcQuuIqI64BlfRp3cbvrXmd1-uZjK82D-RNPK4ycdFU-V-R4LTdLq042SiT4xoc-P7unLZfTOwB7JVeEbf86h6Bm8iOwX81hgOVveQxu23C4XrybDZzlcCSWb_Apy6azIjseTnJYFNkiUYxGhF39YqB_hr19Ap573VGnj8qZCEhZcr9C2vl8S_ED53xwJDSWJBGcJULEJlCWnmnLUYjSTGUGa51QYTleQAVTdkGI8BTU81luzgBUUmOBTSiIiSllSRxEUjJJMeeZzrhpgLCCIlVlw3A3t2KaVplhr6kHMHUAph7ABkBfu-a-YcYf8rxCOf324VNr03_def7vnRdg1135VLFLUF8t1ubKcouVbBbK0wQ77buH_uATPg7Msg
linkProvider Elsevier
linkToHtml http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV3JasMwEBUhObSX7qXpqkOvaixZtuzeQkhxmqWHJJCbkSy5pA1OyFLI31ey7C5QWuhV8hjzLM-8wW9mALglDCvmEoFI4ghEhR8gQTlDISOey0Tq0sAUJ_cHfjSmjxNvUgGtshbGyCoL3299eu6ti5VGgWZjMZ02htgkVz4xHbB0TGM6b6-Z7lS0CmrNTjcafCo9PPvTU1-PjEFZQZfLvFbblT5ROlEk-M5mPz9HqC9R5-EA7BV0ETbtEx2CisqOwH45igEWX-YxuG_C4Wb5prZwnsERX73CpzSdzXOBPJxmMK-zRTyfjgjb8llBew-9fQLGD-1RK0LFWASUaH6_RtKEfc3yHRN_sM8lFiTkzAs5D5STaIYmNU0hifSSVGEpQ8o1zXMo9xK9wLl7CqrZPFNnACZCYo6Vy4kKKPXCwPGF8ATFjKUyZaoO3BKKOCl6hpvRFbO4FIe9xBbA2AAYWwDrAH1YLWzPjD-uZyXK8bd3H2u3_qvl-b8tb8BONOr34l5n0L0Au2bHKscuQXW93KgrTTXW4ro4Su9WYc9j
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A+Survey+on+Task+Offloading+in+Multi-access+Edge+Computing&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+systems+architecture&rft.au=Islam%2C+Akhirul&rft.au=Debnath%2C+Arindam&rft.au=Ghose%2C+Manojit&rft.au=Chakraborty%2C+Suchetana&rft.date=2021-09-01&rft.issn=1383-7621&rft.volume=118&rft.spage=102225&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.sysarc.2021.102225&rft.externalDBID=n%2Fa&rft.externalDocID=10_1016_j_sysarc_2021_102225
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=1383-7621&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=1383-7621&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=1383-7621&client=summon