Spot impact welding of an age-hardening aluminum alloy: Process, structure and properties

Naturally aged AA6111 was successfully spot-welded to itself using vaporizing foil actuator welding in as-received condition as well as after three different heat treatments. Material weldability, mechanical properties, hardness distribution, and weld interface characteristics were evaluated using l...

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Published inJournal of manufacturing processes Vol. 37; pp. 42 - 52
Main Authors Kapil, Angshuman, Lee, Taeseon, Vivek, Anupam, Cooper, Ronald, Hetrick, Elizabeth, Daehn, Glenn
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Elsevier Ltd 01.01.2019
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Abstract Naturally aged AA6111 was successfully spot-welded to itself using vaporizing foil actuator welding in as-received condition as well as after three different heat treatments. Material weldability, mechanical properties, hardness distribution, and weld interface characteristics were evaluated using lap-shear tests, micro/nanoindentation, optical and scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis. Lap-shear tests indicated that even after aging and varied heat treatments all samples had repeatable button pullout failure, the failure being governed by the thinning and tearing of the base metal around the weld nugget. The strength of the welds and the energy absorbed corresponding to the peak load varied with the heat treatments. Microhardness measurements displayed significant hardening in the weld regions compared to base metal hardness. Optical and scanning electron microscopy revealed re-solidified molten zones in the weld interface, and the extent and size of these zones varied with the heat treatments. Nanoindentation showed softening in these zones signifying presence of weld defects in the weld interior.
AbstractList Naturally aged AA6111 was successfully spot-welded to itself using vaporizing foil actuator welding in as-received condition as well as after three different heat treatments. Material weldability, mechanical properties, hardness distribution, and weld interface characteristics were evaluated using lap-shear tests, micro/nanoindentation, optical and scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis. Lap-shear tests indicated that even after aging and varied heat treatments all samples had repeatable button pullout failure, the failure being governed by the thinning and tearing of the base metal around the weld nugget. The strength of the welds and the energy absorbed corresponding to the peak load varied with the heat treatments. Microhardness measurements displayed significant hardening in the weld regions compared to base metal hardness. Optical and scanning electron microscopy revealed re-solidified molten zones in the weld interface, and the extent and size of these zones varied with the heat treatments. Nanoindentation showed softening in these zones signifying presence of weld defects in the weld interior.
Author Lee, Taeseon
Vivek, Anupam
Hetrick, Elizabeth
Cooper, Ronald
Daehn, Glenn
Kapil, Angshuman
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  organization: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, OH, 43210, USA
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Keywords Mechanical properties
Heat treatment
Weld interface
Re-solidified molten zones
Vaporizing foil actuator welding
Aluminum alloy
Language English
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Snippet Naturally aged AA6111 was successfully spot-welded to itself using vaporizing foil actuator welding in as-received condition as well as after three different...
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SubjectTerms Aluminum alloy
Heat treatment
Mechanical properties
Re-solidified molten zones
Vaporizing foil actuator welding
Weld interface
Title Spot impact welding of an age-hardening aluminum alloy: Process, structure and properties
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmapro.2018.11.006
Volume 37
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