Spot impact welding of an age-hardening aluminum alloy: Process, structure and properties
Naturally aged AA6111 was successfully spot-welded to itself using vaporizing foil actuator welding in as-received condition as well as after three different heat treatments. Material weldability, mechanical properties, hardness distribution, and weld interface characteristics were evaluated using l...
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Published in | Journal of manufacturing processes Vol. 37; pp. 42 - 52 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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Elsevier Ltd
01.01.2019
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Abstract | Naturally aged AA6111 was successfully spot-welded to itself using vaporizing foil actuator welding in as-received condition as well as after three different heat treatments. Material weldability, mechanical properties, hardness distribution, and weld interface characteristics were evaluated using lap-shear tests, micro/nanoindentation, optical and scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis. Lap-shear tests indicated that even after aging and varied heat treatments all samples had repeatable button pullout failure, the failure being governed by the thinning and tearing of the base metal around the weld nugget. The strength of the welds and the energy absorbed corresponding to the peak load varied with the heat treatments. Microhardness measurements displayed significant hardening in the weld regions compared to base metal hardness. Optical and scanning electron microscopy revealed re-solidified molten zones in the weld interface, and the extent and size of these zones varied with the heat treatments. Nanoindentation showed softening in these zones signifying presence of weld defects in the weld interior. |
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AbstractList | Naturally aged AA6111 was successfully spot-welded to itself using vaporizing foil actuator welding in as-received condition as well as after three different heat treatments. Material weldability, mechanical properties, hardness distribution, and weld interface characteristics were evaluated using lap-shear tests, micro/nanoindentation, optical and scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis. Lap-shear tests indicated that even after aging and varied heat treatments all samples had repeatable button pullout failure, the failure being governed by the thinning and tearing of the base metal around the weld nugget. The strength of the welds and the energy absorbed corresponding to the peak load varied with the heat treatments. Microhardness measurements displayed significant hardening in the weld regions compared to base metal hardness. Optical and scanning electron microscopy revealed re-solidified molten zones in the weld interface, and the extent and size of these zones varied with the heat treatments. Nanoindentation showed softening in these zones signifying presence of weld defects in the weld interior. |
Author | Lee, Taeseon Vivek, Anupam Hetrick, Elizabeth Cooper, Ronald Daehn, Glenn Kapil, Angshuman |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Angshuman orcidid: 0000-0002-3198-655X surname: Kapil fullname: Kapil, Angshuman email: kapil.11@osu.edu organization: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, OH, 43210, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: Taeseon surname: Lee fullname: Lee, Taeseon organization: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, OH, 43210, USA – sequence: 3 givenname: Anupam orcidid: 0000-0002-1677-0099 surname: Vivek fullname: Vivek, Anupam organization: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, OH, 43210, USA – sequence: 4 givenname: Ronald surname: Cooper fullname: Cooper, Ronald organization: Ford Research and Advanced Engineering, Ford Motor Company, Dearborn, MI, 48124, USA – sequence: 5 givenname: Elizabeth surname: Hetrick fullname: Hetrick, Elizabeth organization: Ford Research and Advanced Engineering, Ford Motor Company, Dearborn, MI, 48124, USA – sequence: 6 givenname: Glenn surname: Daehn fullname: Daehn, Glenn organization: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, OH, 43210, USA |
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Keywords | Mechanical properties Heat treatment Weld interface Re-solidified molten zones Vaporizing foil actuator welding Aluminum alloy |
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Snippet | Naturally aged AA6111 was successfully spot-welded to itself using vaporizing foil actuator welding in as-received condition as well as after three different... |
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SubjectTerms | Aluminum alloy Heat treatment Mechanical properties Re-solidified molten zones Vaporizing foil actuator welding Weld interface |
Title | Spot impact welding of an age-hardening aluminum alloy: Process, structure and properties |
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