Global analysis of the immune response

• Published in: Physica A Vol. 387; no. 24; pp. 6137 - 6150
• Main Authors: Ribeiro, Leonardo C., Dickman, Ronald, Bernardes, Américo T.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier B.V 15.10.2008
• Subjects: Global response; Hurst exponent; Immune system; Scale free networks; 05.10.-a; Scale free networks; 87.16.Yc; Hurst exponent; 87.10.+e; Global response; 87.16.Ac; Immune system
• ISSN: 0378-4371; 1873-2119
• DOI: 10.1016/j.physa.2008.06.031

The immune system may be seen as a complex system, characterized using tools developed in the study of such systems, for example, surface roughness and its associated Hurst exponent. We analyze densitometric (Panama blot) profiles of immune reactivity, to classify individuals into groups with similar roughness statistics. We focus on a population of individuals living in a region in which malaria endemic, as well as a control group from a disease-free region. Our analysis groups individuals according to the presence, or absence, of malaria symptoms and number of malaria manifestations. Applied to the Panama blot data, our method proves more effective at discriminating between groups than principal-components analysis or super-paramagnetic clustering. Our findings provide evidence that some phenomena observed in the immune system can be only understood from a global point of view. We observe similar tendencies between experimental immune profiles and those of artificial profiles, obtained from an immune network model. The statistical entropy of the experimental profiles is found to exhibit variations similar to those observed in the Hurst exponent.