Permittivity measurement of biological tissues using interdigital capacitor based resonator
A CPW resonator etched on the central conductor is presented to measure the complex permittivity of biological tissues. In the unloaded condition, the proposed structure works as a resonator with a resonant frequency of 5.625 GHz. The proposed sensor is able to cover a wide range of permittivity mea...
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Published in | International journal of electronics and communications Vol. 169; p. 154755 |
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Main Authors | , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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Elsevier GmbH
01.09.2023
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Abstract | A CPW resonator etched on the central conductor is presented to measure the complex permittivity of biological tissues. In the unloaded condition, the proposed structure works as a resonator with a resonant frequency of 5.625 GHz. The proposed sensor is able to cover a wide range of permittivity measurement from approximately 5 (fat tissue) to 70 (malignant tissue) with sensitivity of 4.01 % and FDR( Frequency Detection Resolution) of 270 MHz . Breast phantoms with high fidelity need to be fabricated to imitate the various layers of the breast like skin, fat, glandular tissue, and tumor tissue regarding permittivity with different chemicals in different proportions. The major challenge in fabricating such phantoms is in creating an appropriate combination of substances to get the required characteristics for these biological tissues. A sample of various tissue types was fabricated using Gelatin and safflower-based recipes. The complex permittivity tissue phantoms are measured using a fabricated resonator. The measured dielectric characteristics of biological tissues are in good agreement with the theoretical values from the database.
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•A highly sensitive CPW resonator is designed and tested successfully.•It is used to measure the complicated permittivity of biological tissues.•Improved recipe for various biological tissues has been formulated.•Proposed sensor is extremely sensitive to dielectric changes with sensitivity of 4.01%.•The FDR (Frequency Detection Resolution) for the proposed sensor is 270 MHz.•Proposed sensor can measure permittivity range from 5 to 70. |
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AbstractList | A CPW resonator etched on the central conductor is presented to measure the complex permittivity of biological tissues. In the unloaded condition, the proposed structure works as a resonator with a resonant frequency of 5.625 GHz. The proposed sensor is able to cover a wide range of permittivity measurement from approximately 5 (fat tissue) to 70 (malignant tissue) with sensitivity of 4.01 % and FDR( Frequency Detection Resolution) of 270 MHz . Breast phantoms with high fidelity need to be fabricated to imitate the various layers of the breast like skin, fat, glandular tissue, and tumor tissue regarding permittivity with different chemicals in different proportions. The major challenge in fabricating such phantoms is in creating an appropriate combination of substances to get the required characteristics for these biological tissues. A sample of various tissue types was fabricated using Gelatin and safflower-based recipes. The complex permittivity tissue phantoms are measured using a fabricated resonator. The measured dielectric characteristics of biological tissues are in good agreement with the theoretical values from the database.
[Display omitted]
•A highly sensitive CPW resonator is designed and tested successfully.•It is used to measure the complicated permittivity of biological tissues.•Improved recipe for various biological tissues has been formulated.•Proposed sensor is extremely sensitive to dielectric changes with sensitivity of 4.01%.•The FDR (Frequency Detection Resolution) for the proposed sensor is 270 MHz.•Proposed sensor can measure permittivity range from 5 to 70. |
ArticleNumber | 154755 |
Author | Sharma, Sandhya Prajapati, Pravin R. |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Sandhya orcidid: 0000-0001-8782-1183 surname: Sharma fullname: Sharma, Sandhya email: sharmasr_65@yahoo.com organization: Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 382424, India – sequence: 2 givenname: Pravin R. surname: Prajapati fullname: Prajapati, Pravin R. email: ec.pravin.prajapati@adit.ac.in organization: Centre of Excellence in Advances in Communication Techniques, A.D. Patel Institute of Technology, Anand, Gujarat, 388121, India |
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Cites_doi | 10.1002/mop.31025 10.1109/TBME.2018.2828311 10.1109/JSEN.2020.2969414 10.1038/s41598-019-51620-z 10.1155/2022/4663488 10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2885087 10.1002/mop.26001 10.3390/s140713134 10.1109/22.539954 10.1016/j.aeue.2020.153469 10.1109/22.210240 10.1088/0031-9155/50/18/001 10.1088/2057-1976/aab974 10.1109/JSEN.2018.2873544 10.1088/1361-6560/aafeec 10.1017/S1759078720001609 10.1016/j.aeue.2017.10.031 10.1016/j.measurement.2020.107805 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3115707 10.1109/JSEN.2020.2993182 10.1016/j.mejo.2018.01.027 10.1109/LMWC.2014.2318900 |
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Keywords | Co-planar waveguide Biological tissues Permittivity |
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Snippet | A CPW resonator etched on the central conductor is presented to measure the complex permittivity of biological tissues. In the unloaded condition, the proposed... |
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SubjectTerms | Biological tissues Co-planar waveguide Permittivity |
Title | Permittivity measurement of biological tissues using interdigital capacitor based resonator |
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