A systematic review of traffic conflict-based safety measures with a focus on application context

•A systematic review of recently published traffic-conflict articles is conducted.•An assessment of historically used traffic-conflict safety thresholds is undertaken.•It is found that the safety thresholds of conflicts vary by traffic environment and application.•Additional crash-conflict modeling...

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Published inAnalytic methods in accident research Vol. 32; p. 100185
Main Authors Arun, Ashutosh, Haque, Md. Mazharul, Washington, Simon, Sayed, Tarek, Mannering, Fred
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Elsevier Ltd 01.12.2021
Subjects
Conflict measure
Conflict-based safety measures
Systematic review
Threshold selection
Traffic conflicts
Systematic review
Traffic conflicts
Threshold selection
Conflict-based safety measures
Conflict measure
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN2213-6657
2213-6657
DOI10.1016/j.amar.2021.100185

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Abstract •A systematic review of recently published traffic-conflict articles is conducted.•An assessment of historically used traffic-conflict safety thresholds is undertaken.•It is found that the safety thresholds of conflicts vary by traffic environment and application.•Additional crash-conflict modeling is needed to validate traffic-conflict measures.•Methodological advances are key for safety assessments using traffic conflict techniques. Relative to safety assessment using data from observed crashes, conflict-based road safety assessment can potentially provide additional insights into crash causation processes. Despite numerous review studies on this topic, the application context of conflict measures has been generally overlooked. This study conducts a systematic review of conflict-based safety measures with a specific focus on the context of their applications. This study employs the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes (PRISMA) guidelines of systematic review and meta-analysis to review conflict measures used for the safety assessment of intersections over the past ten years (2010–19). A total of 386 studies are systematically reviewed to identify conflict measures used for various contexts, including intersection types, traffic operating conditions, study types, and the purpose of the study. The systematic review indicates that temporal proximity measures, specifically time-to-collision and post-encroachment time, are the most widely used conflict measures regardless of the application context. Other families of conflict measures such as spatial proximity, kinematic, mixed and combinations of measures have also been applied depending on the context. Using the extracted data from relevant studies, linear regression models were developed for time-to-collision and post-encroachment time thresholds at signalized intersections and time-to-collision thresholds at unsignalized intersections. The thresholds are found to be associated with traffic environment types, sources of conflict data and the application purpose of conflict measures. The findings of this study identify several critical gaps in the literature that can help guide future research directions in the conflict-based safety assessment of transport facilities. Critical gaps include the scarcity of validation studies for conflict measures, the lack of suitable techniques to estimate crash risk by severity types, the primary focus on signalized intersections (leaving studies of other facility types underrepresented), and the lack of suitable conflict measures for vulnerable road users.
AbstractList •A systematic review of recently published traffic-conflict articles is conducted.•An assessment of historically used traffic-conflict safety thresholds is undertaken.•It is found that the safety thresholds of conflicts vary by traffic environment and application.•Additional crash-conflict modeling is needed to validate traffic-conflict measures.•Methodological advances are key for safety assessments using traffic conflict techniques. Relative to safety assessment using data from observed crashes, conflict-based road safety assessment can potentially provide additional insights into crash causation processes. Despite numerous review studies on this topic, the application context of conflict measures has been generally overlooked. This study conducts a systematic review of conflict-based safety measures with a specific focus on the context of their applications. This study employs the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes (PRISMA) guidelines of systematic review and meta-analysis to review conflict measures used for the safety assessment of intersections over the past ten years (2010–19). A total of 386 studies are systematically reviewed to identify conflict measures used for various contexts, including intersection types, traffic operating conditions, study types, and the purpose of the study. The systematic review indicates that temporal proximity measures, specifically time-to-collision and post-encroachment time, are the most widely used conflict measures regardless of the application context. Other families of conflict measures such as spatial proximity, kinematic, mixed and combinations of measures have also been applied depending on the context. Using the extracted data from relevant studies, linear regression models were developed for time-to-collision and post-encroachment time thresholds at signalized intersections and time-to-collision thresholds at unsignalized intersections. The thresholds are found to be associated with traffic environment types, sources of conflict data and the application purpose of conflict measures. The findings of this study identify several critical gaps in the literature that can help guide future research directions in the conflict-based safety assessment of transport facilities. Critical gaps include the scarcity of validation studies for conflict measures, the lack of suitable techniques to estimate crash risk by severity types, the primary focus on signalized intersections (leaving studies of other facility types underrepresented), and the lack of suitable conflict measures for vulnerable road users.
ArticleNumber 100185
Author Sayed, Tarek
Haque, Md. Mazharul
Arun, Ashutosh
Washington, Simon
Mannering, Fred
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  surname: Haque
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  organization: School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
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  organization: Department of Civil Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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  surname: Mannering
  fullname: Mannering, Fred
  organization: College of Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
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Keywords Systematic review
Traffic conflicts
Threshold selection
Conflict-based safety measures
Conflict measure
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Snippet •A systematic review of recently published traffic-conflict articles is conducted.•An assessment of historically used traffic-conflict safety thresholds is...
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SourceType Enrichment Source
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StartPage 100185
SubjectTerms Conflict measure
Conflict-based safety measures
Systematic review
Threshold selection
Traffic conflicts
Title A systematic review of traffic conflict-based safety measures with a focus on application context
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amar.2021.100185
Volume 32
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