Interface-Barrier-Induced J-V Distortion of CIGS Cells With Sputtered-Deposited Zn(S,O) Window Layers
Sputtered-deposited Zn(S,O) is an attractive alternative to CdS for the window layer of Cu(In,Ga)Se 2 (CIGS) thin-film solar cells due to its higher band gap, which allows greater blue-photon collection. However, distortions to current-voltage ( J-V) curves are observed in some cases. A straightforw...
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Published in | IEEE journal of photovoltaics Vol. 4; no. 3; pp. 942 - 947 |
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01.05.2014
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Abstract | Sputtered-deposited Zn(S,O) is an attractive alternative to CdS for the window layer of Cu(In,Ga)Se 2 (CIGS) thin-film solar cells due to its higher band gap, which allows greater blue-photon collection. However, distortions to current-voltage ( J-V) curves are observed in some cases. A straightforward photodiode model with a secondary barrier at the Zn(S,O)/CIGS interface is employed to explain the physical mechanisms of the experimental J-V distortions. The primary contributor to the secondary barrier is the conduction-band offset (CBO), whose magnitude is determined by the oxygen fraction in Zn(S,O) and by the carrier density of Zn(S,O); the latter may be increased with indium-doping. Comparison of experimental and simulated J-V characteristics with variation in oxygen fraction, window carrier density, and temperature, allows a reasonably compelling test of the secondary-barrier model for this system. |
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AbstractList | Sputtered-deposited Zn(S,O) is an attractive alternative to CdS for the window layer of Cu(In,Ga)Se 2 (CIGS) thin-film solar cells due to its higher band gap, which allows greater blue-photon collection. However, distortions to current-voltage ( J-V) curves are observed in some cases. A straightforward photodiode model with a secondary barrier at the Zn(S,O)/CIGS interface is employed to explain the physical mechanisms of the experimental J-V distortions. The primary contributor to the secondary barrier is the conduction-band offset (CBO), whose magnitude is determined by the oxygen fraction in Zn(S,O) and by the carrier density of Zn(S,O); the latter may be increased with indium-doping. Comparison of experimental and simulated J-V characteristics with variation in oxygen fraction, window carrier density, and temperature, allows a reasonably compelling test of the secondary-barrier model for this system. Sputtered-deposited Zn(S,O) is an attractive alternative to CdS for the window layer of Cu(In,Ga)Se [Formula Omitted] (CIGS) thin-film solar cells due to its higher band gap, which allows greater blue-photon collection. However, distortions to current-voltage ( J-V) curves are observed in some cases. A straightforward photodiode model with a secondary barrier at the Zn(S,O)/CIGS interface is employed to explain the physical mechanisms of the experimental J-V distortions. The primary contributor to the secondary barrier is the conduction-band offset (CBO), whose magnitude is determined by the oxygen fraction in Zn(S,O) and by the carrier density of Zn(S,O); the latter may be increased with indium-doping. Comparison of experimental and simulated J-V characteristics with variation in oxygen fraction, window carrier density, and temperature, allows a reasonably compelling test of the secondary-barrier model for this system. |
Author | Tao Song Sites, James R. McGoffin, J. Tyler |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 surname: Tao Song fullname: Tao Song email: tsong241@rams.colostate.edu organization: Dept. of Phys., Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins, CO, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: J. Tyler surname: McGoffin fullname: McGoffin, J. Tyler email: jtmcgoffin@gmail.com organization: Dept. of Phys., Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins, CO, USA – sequence: 3 givenname: James R. surname: Sites fullname: Sites, James R. email: sites@lamar.colostate.edu organization: Dept. of Phys., Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins, CO, USA |
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Cites_doi | 10.1002/pssr.201206195 10.1016/j.solmat.2013.07.032 10.1557/PROC-865-F5.32 10.1002/0470068329 10.1016/j.jallcom.2009.10.098 10.1103/PhysRevLett.97.146403 10.1016/S0927-0248(98)00035-X 10.1063/1.330618 10.1016/j.tsf.2006.01.004 10.1109/JRPROC.1955.278046 |
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References | ref13 ref11 kieven (ref6) 2012; 6 ref10 ref2 ref1 ref8 gloeckler (ref12) 2003 ref9 pudov (ref4) 2005; 97 kanevce (ref3) 2005; 865 ref5 sharbati (ref7) 0 |
References_xml | – volume: 6 start-page: 294 year: 2012 ident: ref6 article-title: Band alignment at sputtered ZnS<formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$_{\rm x}$</tex> </formula>O<formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$_{\rm 1-x}$</tex></formula>/Cu (In,Ga)(Se,S) <formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$_{2}$</tex></formula> heterojunctions publication-title: physica status solidi (RRL) - Rapid Research Letters doi: 10.1002/pssr.201206195 contributor: fullname: kieven – ident: ref2 doi: 10.1016/j.solmat.2013.07.032 – volume: 97 start-page: 64901-1 year: 2005 ident: ref4 article-title: Secondary barriers in CdS?CuIn<formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$_1-x$</tex></formula>Ga<formula formulatype="inline"> <tex Notation="TeX">$_{x}$</tex></formula>Se<formula formulatype="inline"><tex Notation="TeX">$_{2}$</tex></formula> solar cells publication-title: J Appl Phys contributor: fullname: pudov – volume: 865 year: 2005 ident: ref3 article-title: Conduction-band-offset rule governing JV distortion in CdS/CI(G)S solar cells publication-title: Proc MRS doi: 10.1557/PROC-865-F5.32 contributor: fullname: kanevce – ident: ref8 doi: 10.1002/0470068329 – year: 0 ident: ref7 article-title: Impact of the band offset for n-Zn(O,S)/p-Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells publication-title: IEEE J Photovoltaics contributor: fullname: sharbati – ident: ref13 doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2009.10.098 – ident: ref5 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.97.146403 – ident: ref9 doi: 10.1016/S0927-0248(98)00035-X – start-page: 491 year: 2003 ident: ref12 article-title: Numerical modeling of CIGS and CdTe solar cells: Setting the baseline publication-title: Proc 3rd World Conf PV Energy Convers contributor: fullname: gloeckler – ident: ref11 doi: 10.1063/1.330618 – ident: ref1 doi: 10.1016/j.tsf.2006.01.004 – ident: ref10 doi: 10.1109/JRPROC.1955.278046 |
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Snippet | Sputtered-deposited Zn(S,O) is an attractive alternative to CdS for the window layer of Cu(In,Ga)Se 2 (CIGS) thin-film solar cells due to its higher band gap,... Sputtered-deposited Zn(S,O) is an attractive alternative to CdS for the window layer of Cu(In,Ga)Se [Formula Omitted] (CIGS) thin-film solar cells due to its... |
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SubjectTerms | Charge carrier density Charge carrier processes Cu(In current-voltage (J-V) distortion Ga)Se _{2} (CIGS Lighting Photoconductivity Photonics Photovoltaic cells Solar energy sputtering Temperature measurement thin films Zn(S |
Title | Interface-Barrier-Induced J-V Distortion of CIGS Cells With Sputtered-Deposited Zn(S,O) Window Layers |
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