A Large-Scale Emulation System for Realistic Three-Dimensional (3-D) Forest Simulation
The realistic reconstruction and radiometric simulation of a large-scale three-dimensional (3-D) forest scene have potential applications in remote sensing. Although many 3-D radiative transfer models concerning forest canopy have been developed, they mainly focused on homogeneous or relatively smal...
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Published in | IEEE journal of selected topics in applied earth observations and remote sensing Vol. 10; no. 11; pp. 4834 - 4843 |
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Main Authors | , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
IEEE
01.11.2017
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Abstract | The realistic reconstruction and radiometric simulation of a large-scale three-dimensional (3-D) forest scene have potential applications in remote sensing. Although many 3-D radiative transfer models concerning forest canopy have been developed, they mainly focused on homogeneous or relatively small heterogeneous scenes, which are not compatible with the coarse-resolution remote sensing observations. Due to the huge complexity of forests and the inefficiency of collecting precise 3-D data of large areas, realistic simulation over large-scale forest area remains challenging, especially in regions of complex terrain. In this study, a large-scale emulation system for realistic 3-D forest Simulation is proposed. The 3-D forest scene is constructed from a representative single tree database (SDB) and airborne laser scanning (ALS) data. ALS data are used to extract tree height, crown diameter and position, which are linked to the individual trees in SDB. To simulate the radiometric properties of the reconstructed scene, a radiative transfer model based on a parallelized ray-tracing code was developed. This model has been validated with an abstract and an actual 3-D scene from the radiation transfer model intercomparison website and it showed comparable results with other models. Finally, a 1 km × 1 km scene with more than 100 000 realistic individual trees was reconstructed and a Landsat-like reflectance image was simulated, which kept the same spatial pattern as the actual Landsat 8 image. |
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AbstractList | The realistic reconstruction and radiometric simulation of a large-scale three-dimensional (3-D) forest scene have potential applications in remote sensing. Although many 3-D radiative transfer models concerning forest canopy have been developed, they mainly focused on homogeneous or relatively small heterogeneous scenes, which are not compatible with the coarse-resolution remote sensing observations. Due to the huge complexity of forests and the inefficiency of collecting precise 3-D data of large areas, realistic simulation over large-scale forest area remains challenging, especially in regions of complex terrain. In this study, a large-scale emulation system for realistic 3-D forest Simulation is proposed. The 3-D forest scene is constructed from a representative single tree database (SDB) and airborne laser scanning (ALS) data. ALS data are used to extract tree height, crown diameter and position, which are linked to the individual trees in SDB. To simulate the radiometric properties of the reconstructed scene, a radiative transfer model based on a parallelized ray-tracing code was developed. This model has been validated with an abstract and an actual 3-D scene from the radiation transfer model intercomparison website and it showed comparable results with other models. Finally, a 1 km × 1 km scene with more than 100 000 realistic individual trees was reconstructed and a Landsat-like reflectance image was simulated, which kept the same spatial pattern as the actual Landsat 8 image. |
Author | Qi, Jianbo Xie, Donghui Guo, Dashuai Yan, Guangjian |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Jianbo surname: Qi fullname: Qi, Jianbo email: qijb@mail.bnu.edu.cn organization: College of Remote Science and Engineering, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China – sequence: 2 givenname: Donghui surname: Xie fullname: Xie, Donghui email: xiedonghui@bnu.edu.cn organization: College of Remote Science and Engineering, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China – sequence: 3 givenname: Dashuai surname: Guo fullname: Guo, Dashuai email: 1130219602@qq.com organization: College of Remote Science and Engineering, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China – sequence: 4 givenname: Guangjian surname: Yan fullname: Yan, Guangjian email: gjyan@bnu.edu.cn organization: College of Remote Science and Engineering, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China |
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SubjectTerms | 3-D simulation Airborne laser scanning (ALS) Atmospheric modeling Biological system modeling forest Image reconstruction Measurement by laser beam Remote sensing Solid modeling three-dimen-sional (3-D) forest reconstruction Vegetation |
Title | A Large-Scale Emulation System for Realistic Three-Dimensional (3-D) Forest Simulation |
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