Advances in graphene-based flexible and wearable strain sensors

•The strain sensing mechanisms and performance of graphene-based sensors.•The design and fabrication strategies of four graphene-based strain sensors.•The applications of graphene-based flexible strain sensors in numerous fields.•Existing challenges and future opportunities for graphene-based sensor...

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Published in	Chemical engineering journal (Lausanne, Switzerland : 1996) Vol. 464; p. 142576
Main Authors	Chen, Hui, Zhuo, Fengling, Zhou, Jian, Liu, Ying, Zhang, Jinbo, Dong, Shurong, Liu, Xuqing, Elmarakbi, Ahmed, Duan, Huigao, Fu, Yongqing
Format	Journal Article
Language	English
Published	Elsevier B.V 15.05.2023
Subjects	Flexible and wearable electronics Graphene Strain sensors Stretchable Stretchable Flexible and wearable electronics Graphene Strain sensors
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Abstract	•The strain sensing mechanisms and performance of graphene-based sensors.•The design and fabrication strategies of four graphene-based strain sensors.•The applications of graphene-based flexible strain sensors in numerous fields.•Existing challenges and future opportunities for graphene-based sensors. Flexible and wearable electronics have recently gained considerable research interest due to their potential applications in personal healthcare, electronic skins, and human–machine interfaces. In particular, strain sensors that can efficiently transmit external stimuli into electrical signals are essential for wearable electronics. Two-dimensional carbon-based materials such as graphene are potentially versatile platforms for the above applications, mainly attributed to their combined properties of excellent flexibility, thermal and electrical conductivity, and mechanical strength. Although there are numerous reports devoted to the design, fabrication and application of graphene-based strain sensors, a comprehensive overview dedicated on attributes of graphene-based strain sensors that can be systematically correlated with their mechanisms, fabrication strategies and applications is urgently required in the field. Specially this review is aimed to explore the following topics, i.e., (i) the strain sensing mechanisms and key performance parameters of graphene-based sensors; (ii) the recent progress of major graphene-based sensors including those of film-based, fiber-based, foam-based and hydrogel-based; (iii) applications of graphene-based sensors for human motion sensing, health indicators, electronic skins and human machine interfaces; and finally (iv) challenges and future directions for the design of graphene-based sensors.
AbstractList	•The strain sensing mechanisms and performance of graphene-based sensors.•The design and fabrication strategies of four graphene-based strain sensors.•The applications of graphene-based flexible strain sensors in numerous fields.•Existing challenges and future opportunities for graphene-based sensors. Flexible and wearable electronics have recently gained considerable research interest due to their potential applications in personal healthcare, electronic skins, and human–machine interfaces. In particular, strain sensors that can efficiently transmit external stimuli into electrical signals are essential for wearable electronics. Two-dimensional carbon-based materials such as graphene are potentially versatile platforms for the above applications, mainly attributed to their combined properties of excellent flexibility, thermal and electrical conductivity, and mechanical strength. Although there are numerous reports devoted to the design, fabrication and application of graphene-based strain sensors, a comprehensive overview dedicated on attributes of graphene-based strain sensors that can be systematically correlated with their mechanisms, fabrication strategies and applications is urgently required in the field. Specially this review is aimed to explore the following topics, i.e., (i) the strain sensing mechanisms and key performance parameters of graphene-based sensors; (ii) the recent progress of major graphene-based sensors including those of film-based, fiber-based, foam-based and hydrogel-based; (iii) applications of graphene-based sensors for human motion sensing, health indicators, electronic skins and human machine interfaces; and finally (iv) challenges and future directions for the design of graphene-based sensors.
ArticleNumber	142576
Author	Duan, Huigao Zhou, Jian Liu, Ying Elmarakbi, Ahmed Chen, Hui Fu, Yongqing Liu, Xuqing Zhang, Jinbo Zhuo, Fengling Dong, Shurong
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Hui surname: Chen fullname: Chen, Hui organization: College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China – sequence: 2 givenname: Fengling surname: Zhuo fullname: Zhuo, Fengling organization: College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China – sequence: 3 givenname: Jian orcidid: 0000-0001-6660-5190 surname: Zhou fullname: Zhou, Jian email: jianzhou@hnu.edu.cn organization: College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China – sequence: 4 givenname: Ying surname: Liu fullname: Liu, Ying organization: College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China – sequence: 5 givenname: Jinbo orcidid: 0000-0003-4410-5739 surname: Zhang fullname: Zhang, Jinbo organization: College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China – sequence: 6 givenname: Shurong surname: Dong fullname: Dong, Shurong organization: College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China – sequence: 7 givenname: Xuqing surname: Liu fullname: Liu, Xuqing organization: Department of Materials, The University of Manchester. M13 9PL, United Kingdom – sequence: 8 givenname: Ahmed surname: Elmarakbi fullname: Elmarakbi, Ahmed organization: Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, United Kingdom – sequence: 9 givenname: Huigao surname: Duan fullname: Duan, Huigao organization: College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China – sequence: 10 givenname: Yongqing orcidid: 0000-0001-9797-4036 surname: Fu fullname: Fu, Yongqing organization: Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, United Kingdom
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Keywords	Stretchable Flexible and wearable electronics Graphene Strain sensors
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PublicationTitle	Chemical engineering journal (Lausanne, Switzerland : 1996)
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Snippet	•The strain sensing mechanisms and performance of graphene-based sensors.•The design and fabrication strategies of four graphene-based strain sensors.•The...
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SubjectTerms	Flexible and wearable electronics Graphene Strain sensors Stretchable
Title	Advances in graphene-based flexible and wearable strain sensors
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