Status of illegal resource extraction within Rwenzori Mountains National Park, Uganda: Baseline studies near four hydropower projects

Illegal resource use in protected areas is a problem for park managers. We investigated status and distribution of illegal activities inside Rwenzori Mountains National Park in areas adjacent to four sites where hydropower projects were being developed outside the park. We used in‐park plot, nonplot...

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Published inAfrican journal of ecology Vol. 59; no. 2; pp. 449 - 465
Main Authors Bulafu, Collins Edward, Tumusiime, David Mwesigye, Erik Hårklau, Svein, Owuor, George
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Nairobi Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.06.2021
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Abstract Illegal resource use in protected areas is a problem for park managers. We investigated status and distribution of illegal activities inside Rwenzori Mountains National Park in areas adjacent to four sites where hydropower projects were being developed outside the park. We used in‐park plot, nonplot‐based methods and community surveys and compared findings from these with ranger patrol records of the Uganda Wildlife Authority. Seventeen kinds of illegal activities were recorded. Collection of medicinal plants and poaching were the most pervasive forms of illegal activities inside the park. Poaching exhibited significant differences (p = 0.03) across sites, and prevalence of poaching signs increased with distance from park boundary at two sites (p = 0.05). The study revealed higher levels of illegal activities than earlier recorded from ranger patrol data. Sixty‐eight per cent (68%) and 44% of the respondents reported participation in collection of medicinal plants and poaching, respectively. Ninety‐eight per cent (98%) of respondents agreed that the park is an important source for natural resources. Ranger patrols should extend further inside the park rather than near the boundaries as has been the case. The findings set a valuable benchmark for assessing the temporal and spatial variation of illegal resource extraction over the hydropower projects’ duration. Résumé L'utilisation illégale des ressources dans les zones protégées est un problème pour les gestionnaires de parcs. Nous avons étudié le statut et la répartition des activités illégales dans le parc national des monts Rwenzori, au sein de zones adjacentes à quatre sites où des projets hydroélectriques étaient en cours de développement à l'extérieur du parc. Nous avons utilisé des méthodes basées sur des parcelles situées au sein du parc et en dehors, ainsi que des enquêtes communautaires et avons comparé les résultats de celles‐ci avec les registres de patrouille des gardes forestiers de l'autorité de la faune sauvage d'Ouganda (UWA). Dix‐sept types d'activités illégales ont été recensés. La collecte de plantes médicinales et le braconnage étaient les formes les plus répandues d'activités illégales à l'intérieur du parc. Le braconnage présentait des différences significatives (p = 0.03) au sein des différents sites et la prévalence des signes de braconnage augmentait avec la distance par rapport aux limites du parc sur deux sites (p = 0.05). L'étude a révélé des niveaux d'activités illégales plus élevés que ceux précédemment constatés selon les données des gardes forestiers. Soixante‐huit pour cent (68%) et 44% des personnes interrogées ont déclaré avoir participé à la collecte de plantes médicinales et au braconnage, respectivement. Quatre‐vingt‐dix‐huit pour cent (98%) des répondants ont convenu que le parc était une source de ressources naturelles importante. Les patrouilles des gardes forestiers devraient s'étendre plus loin à l'intérieur du parc plutôt qu'à proximité de ses limites, comme cela a été le cas jusqu’à présent. Les résultats ont établi un point de référence précieux pour évaluer la variation temporelle et spatiale de l'extraction illégale de ressources sur la durée des projets hydroélectriques.
AbstractList Illegal resource use in protected areas is a problem for park managers. We investigated status and distribution of illegal activities inside Rwenzori Mountains National Park in areas adjacent to four sites where hydropower projects were being developed outside the park. We used in‐park plot, nonplot‐based methods and community surveys and compared findings from these with ranger patrol records of the Uganda Wildlife Authority. Seventeen kinds of illegal activities were recorded. Collection of medicinal plants and poaching were the most pervasive forms of illegal activities inside the park. Poaching exhibited significant differences (p = 0.03) across sites, and prevalence of poaching signs increased with distance from park boundary at two sites (p = 0.05). The study revealed higher levels of illegal activities than earlier recorded from ranger patrol data. Sixty‐eight per cent (68%) and 44% of the respondents reported participation in collection of medicinal plants and poaching, respectively. Ninety‐eight per cent (98%) of respondents agreed that the park is an important source for natural resources. Ranger patrols should extend further inside the park rather than near the boundaries as has been the case. The findings set a valuable benchmark for assessing the temporal and spatial variation of illegal resource extraction over the hydropower projects’ duration.
Illegal resource use in protected areas is a problem for park managers. We investigated status and distribution of illegal activities inside Rwenzori Mountains National Park in areas adjacent to four sites where hydropower projects were being developed outside the park. We used in‐park plot, nonplot‐based methods and community surveys and compared findings from these with ranger patrol records of the Uganda Wildlife Authority. Seventeen kinds of illegal activities were recorded. Collection of medicinal plants and poaching were the most pervasive forms of illegal activities inside the park. Poaching exhibited significant differences ( p  = 0.03) across sites, and prevalence of poaching signs increased with distance from park boundary at two sites ( p  = 0.05). The study revealed higher levels of illegal activities than earlier recorded from ranger patrol data. Sixty‐eight per cent (68%) and 44% of the respondents reported participation in collection of medicinal plants and poaching, respectively. Ninety‐eight per cent (98%) of respondents agreed that the park is an important source for natural resources. Ranger patrols should extend further inside the park rather than near the boundaries as has been the case. The findings set a valuable benchmark for assessing the temporal and spatial variation of illegal resource extraction over the hydropower projects’ duration. L'utilisation illégale des ressources dans les zones protégées est un problème pour les gestionnaires de parcs. Nous avons étudié le statut et la répartition des activités illégales dans le parc national des monts Rwenzori, au sein de zones adjacentes à quatre sites où des projets hydroélectriques étaient en cours de développement à l'extérieur du parc. Nous avons utilisé des méthodes basées sur des parcelles situées au sein du parc et en dehors, ainsi que des enquêtes communautaires et avons comparé les résultats de celles‐ci avec les registres de patrouille des gardes forestiers de l'autorité de la faune sauvage d'Ouganda (UWA). Dix‐sept types d'activités illégales ont été recensés. La collecte de plantes médicinales et le braconnage étaient les formes les plus répandues d'activités illégales à l'intérieur du parc. Le braconnage présentait des différences significatives ( p  = 0.03) au sein des différents sites et la prévalence des signes de braconnage augmentait avec la distance par rapport aux limites du parc sur deux sites ( p  = 0.05). L'étude a révélé des niveaux d'activités illégales plus élevés que ceux précédemment constatés selon les données des gardes forestiers. Soixante‐huit pour cent (68%) et 44% des personnes interrogées ont déclaré avoir participé à la collecte de plantes médicinales et au braconnage, respectivement. Quatre‐vingt‐dix‐huit pour cent (98%) des répondants ont convenu que le parc était une source de ressources naturelles importante. Les patrouilles des gardes forestiers devraient s'étendre plus loin à l'intérieur du parc plutôt qu'à proximité de ses limites, comme cela a été le cas jusqu’à présent. Les résultats ont établi un point de référence précieux pour évaluer la variation temporelle et spatiale de l'extraction illégale de ressources sur la durée des projets hydroélectriques.
Illegal resource use in protected areas is a problem for park managers. We investigated status and distribution of illegal activities inside Rwenzori Mountains National Park in areas adjacent to four sites where hydropower projects were being developed outside the park. We used in‐park plot, nonplot‐based methods and community surveys and compared findings from these with ranger patrol records of the Uganda Wildlife Authority. Seventeen kinds of illegal activities were recorded. Collection of medicinal plants and poaching were the most pervasive forms of illegal activities inside the park. Poaching exhibited significant differences (p = 0.03) across sites, and prevalence of poaching signs increased with distance from park boundary at two sites (p = 0.05). The study revealed higher levels of illegal activities than earlier recorded from ranger patrol data. Sixty‐eight per cent (68%) and 44% of the respondents reported participation in collection of medicinal plants and poaching, respectively. Ninety‐eight per cent (98%) of respondents agreed that the park is an important source for natural resources. Ranger patrols should extend further inside the park rather than near the boundaries as has been the case. The findings set a valuable benchmark for assessing the temporal and spatial variation of illegal resource extraction over the hydropower projects’ duration. Résumé L'utilisation illégale des ressources dans les zones protégées est un problème pour les gestionnaires de parcs. Nous avons étudié le statut et la répartition des activités illégales dans le parc national des monts Rwenzori, au sein de zones adjacentes à quatre sites où des projets hydroélectriques étaient en cours de développement à l'extérieur du parc. Nous avons utilisé des méthodes basées sur des parcelles situées au sein du parc et en dehors, ainsi que des enquêtes communautaires et avons comparé les résultats de celles‐ci avec les registres de patrouille des gardes forestiers de l'autorité de la faune sauvage d'Ouganda (UWA). Dix‐sept types d'activités illégales ont été recensés. La collecte de plantes médicinales et le braconnage étaient les formes les plus répandues d'activités illégales à l'intérieur du parc. Le braconnage présentait des différences significatives (p = 0.03) au sein des différents sites et la prévalence des signes de braconnage augmentait avec la distance par rapport aux limites du parc sur deux sites (p = 0.05). L'étude a révélé des niveaux d'activités illégales plus élevés que ceux précédemment constatés selon les données des gardes forestiers. Soixante‐huit pour cent (68%) et 44% des personnes interrogées ont déclaré avoir participé à la collecte de plantes médicinales et au braconnage, respectivement. Quatre‐vingt‐dix‐huit pour cent (98%) des répondants ont convenu que le parc était une source de ressources naturelles importante. Les patrouilles des gardes forestiers devraient s'étendre plus loin à l'intérieur du parc plutôt qu'à proximité de ses limites, comme cela a été le cas jusqu’à présent. Les résultats ont établi un point de référence précieux pour évaluer la variation temporelle et spatiale de l'extraction illégale de ressources sur la durée des projets hydroélectriques.
Author Owuor, George
Bulafu, Collins Edward
Tumusiime, David Mwesigye
Erik Hårklau, Svein
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Snippet Illegal resource use in protected areas is a problem for park managers. We investigated status and distribution of illegal activities inside Rwenzori Mountains...
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SubjectTerms Baseline studies
Herbal medicine
Hydroelectric power
hydropower
Illegal activities
Medicinal plants
Mountains
National parks
Natural resources
Poaching
Protected areas
Rwenzori
Spatial variations
Wildlife
Title Status of illegal resource extraction within Rwenzori Mountains National Park, Uganda: Baseline studies near four hydropower projects
URI https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111%2Faje.12823
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2531522226
Volume 59
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