Recent progress in electrochemical recycling of waste NdFeB magnets

Neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) magnets are critical components in green energy technologies and have received increasing attention due to the limited availability of the raw materials, specifically rare earth elements (REEs). The supply risks associated with primary mining of RE ores, which have signi...

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Published inChemical communications (Cambridge, England) Vol. 61; no. 11; pp. 2257 - 2268
Main Authors Xu, Xuan, Jia, Xiaozheng, Zhao, Kunyuan, Xu, Peng, Jing, Peng, Liu, Baocang, Zhang, Jun
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England Royal Society of Chemistry 30.01.2025
Subjects
Clean energy
Critical components
Electrolysis
End of life
Energy technology
Environmental impact
Molten salts
Neodymium
Permanent magnets
Rare earth elements
Raw materials
Reaction mechanisms
Reagents
Recycling
Room temperature
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Abstract Neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) magnets are critical components in green energy technologies and have received increasing attention due to the limited availability of the raw materials, specifically rare earth elements (REEs). The supply risks associated with primary mining of RE ores, which have significant environmental impacts, underscore the necessity for recycling RE secondary resources. Waste NdFeB magnets, generated during manufacturing processes and recovered from end-of-life products, represent valuable RE secondary resources. Recycling these materials can ensure a reliable and sustainable supply of REEs. Compared to conventional metallurgical processes, electrochemical strategies offer advantages such as high efficiency, selectivity, ease of operation, and environmental friendliness. This review presents an overview of the current status and future prospects of electrochemical technologies for recovering RE metals, alloys, or compounds from waste NdFeB magnets. Special emphasis is placed on molten salt electrolysis and room-temperature electrolysis, including detailed reaction mechanisms involved in the recycling processes. Additionally, challenges and future strategies for the electrochemical recycling of waste NdFeB magnets, focusing on environmental impact evaluation, efficient recovery, and reduced reagent consumption are proposed. Electrochemical recycling of waste NdFeB magnets through molten salt electrolysis and room-temperature electrolysis.
AbstractList Neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) magnets are critical components in green energy technologies and have received increasing attention due to the limited availability of the raw materials, specifically rare earth elements (REEs). The supply risks associated with primary mining of RE ores, which have significant environmental impacts, underscore the necessity for recycling RE secondary resources. Waste NdFeB magnets, generated during manufacturing processes and recovered from end-of-life products, represent valuable RE secondary resources. Recycling these materials can ensure a reliable and sustainable supply of REEs. Compared to conventional metallurgical processes, electrochemical strategies offer advantages such as high efficiency, selectivity, ease of operation, and environmental friendliness. This review presents an overview of the current status and future prospects of electrochemical technologies for recovering RE metals, alloys, or compounds from waste NdFeB magnets. Special emphasis is placed on molten salt electrolysis and room-temperature electrolysis, including detailed reaction mechanisms involved in the recycling processes. Additionally, challenges and future strategies for the electrochemical recycling of waste NdFeB magnets, focusing on environmental impact evaluation, efficient recovery, and reduced reagent consumption are proposed.
Neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) magnets are critical components in green energy technologies and have received increasing attention due to the limited availability of the raw materials, specifically rare earth elements (REEs). The supply risks associated with primary mining of RE ores, which have significant environmental impacts, underscore the necessity for recycling RE secondary resources. Waste NdFeB magnets, generated during manufacturing processes and recovered from end-of-life products, represent valuable RE secondary resources. Recycling these materials can ensure a reliable and sustainable supply of REEs. Compared to conventional metallurgical processes, electrochemical strategies offer advantages such as high efficiency, selectivity, ease of operation, and environmental friendliness. This review presents an overview of the current status and future prospects of electrochemical technologies for recovering RE metals, alloys, or compounds from waste NdFeB magnets. Special emphasis is placed on molten salt electrolysis and room-temperature electrolysis, including detailed reaction mechanisms involved in the recycling processes. Additionally, challenges and future strategies for the electrochemical recycling of waste NdFeB magnets, focusing on environmental impact evaluation, efficient recovery, and reduced reagent consumption are proposed. Electrochemical recycling of waste NdFeB magnets through molten salt electrolysis and room-temperature electrolysis.
Neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) magnets are critical components in green energy technologies and have received increasing attention due to the limited availability of the raw materials, specifically rare earth elements (REEs). The supply risks associated with primary mining of RE ores, which have significant environmental impacts, underscore the necessity for recycling RE secondary resources. Waste NdFeB magnets, generated during manufacturing processes and recovered from end-of-life products, represent valuable RE secondary resources. Recycling these materials can ensure a reliable and sustainable supply of REEs. Compared to conventional metallurgical processes, electrochemical strategies offer advantages such as high efficiency, selectivity, ease of operation, and environmental friendliness. This review presents an overview of the current status and future prospects of electrochemical technologies for recovering RE metals, alloys, or compounds from waste NdFeB magnets. Special emphasis is placed on molten salt electrolysis and room-temperature electrolysis, including detailed reaction mechanisms involved in the recycling processes. Additionally, challenges and future strategies for the electrochemical recycling of waste NdFeB magnets, focusing on environmental impact evaluation, efficient recovery, and reduced reagent consumption are proposed.Neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) magnets are critical components in green energy technologies and have received increasing attention due to the limited availability of the raw materials, specifically rare earth elements (REEs). The supply risks associated with primary mining of RE ores, which have significant environmental impacts, underscore the necessity for recycling RE secondary resources. Waste NdFeB magnets, generated during manufacturing processes and recovered from end-of-life products, represent valuable RE secondary resources. Recycling these materials can ensure a reliable and sustainable supply of REEs. Compared to conventional metallurgical processes, electrochemical strategies offer advantages such as high efficiency, selectivity, ease of operation, and environmental friendliness. This review presents an overview of the current status and future prospects of electrochemical technologies for recovering RE metals, alloys, or compounds from waste NdFeB magnets. Special emphasis is placed on molten salt electrolysis and room-temperature electrolysis, including detailed reaction mechanisms involved in the recycling processes. Additionally, challenges and future strategies for the electrochemical recycling of waste NdFeB magnets, focusing on environmental impact evaluation, efficient recovery, and reduced reagent consumption are proposed.
Author Xu, Peng
Liu, Baocang
Jing, Peng
Zhao, Kunyuan
Xu, Xuan
Jia, Xiaozheng
Zhang, Jun
AuthorAffiliation School of Chemistry and Environmental Science
Economic and Technological Development Zone
Inner Mongolia University
Inner Mongolia Normal University
SANY Heavy Industry Co., Ltd
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: SANY Heavy Industry Co., Ltd
– name: Inner Mongolia University
– name: Economic and Technological Development Zone
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– name: Inner Mongolia Normal University
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Snippet Neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) magnets are critical components in green energy technologies and have received increasing attention due to the limited...
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SubjectTerms Clean energy
Critical components
Electrolysis
End of life
Energy technology
Environmental impact
Molten salts
Neodymium
Permanent magnets
Rare earth elements
Raw materials
Reaction mechanisms
Reagents
Recycling
Room temperature
Title Recent progress in electrochemical recycling of waste NdFeB magnets
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39780693
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