Influence of sport type and gender on bone turnover markers in young athletes
Background Exercise is beneficial to bone health. However, little is known about the interaction effect of gender and sport type on bone turnover in young athletes. This study aimed to examine the influence of gender and sports categories (high, medium, and low impact) on bone turnover: reabsorption...
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Published in | Bulletin of Faculty of Physical Therapy (Online) Vol. 28; no. 1; pp. 37 - 7 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Berlin/Heidelberg
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
01.12.2023
Springer Nature B.V SpringerOpen |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Abstract | Background
Exercise is beneficial to bone health. However, little is known about the interaction effect of gender and sport type on bone turnover in young athletes. This study aimed to examine the influence of gender and sports categories (high, medium, and low impact) on bone turnover: reabsorption markers–osteocalcin, calcium, inorganic phosphate (IP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and resorption marker–cross-linked N-telopeptides of type 1 collagen (NTx) among a university’s undergraduate athletes.
Methods
The study was an ex-post facto design involving forty-seven purposively recruited gender- and sport-type-matched undergraduate athletes whose demographic characteristics and BMI were obtained. Participants’ 5 mL antecubital blood samples were collected and analysed for serum levels of osteocalcin, calcium, IP, ALP, and NTx using standard laboratory protocols, Bio-Tek spectrometer, and KC4 (3.3) software. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and two-way ANOVA.
Results
The study involved 24 females and 23 males (
n
= 47) aged 22.15 ± 3.35 years with an average BMI of 23.34 ± 4.66. There was no significant gender effect on the biomarkers. However, there was a significant effect of the sports category on IP (
F
= 4.307,
p
= 0.020), calcium (
F
= 6.807,
p
= 0.003), and ALP serum levels (
F
= 11.511,
p
< 0.001). Specifically, mid-impact sports participants had a higher IP than the low-impact group (mean difference [MD] = 0.81 mg/dL,
p
= 0.036). Low-impact had a higher calcium level than mid-impact (MD = 0.40 mg/dL,
p
= 0.022) and high-impact (MD = 0.49 mg/dL,
p
= 0.003). Conversely, low-impact had lower ALP than mid-impact (MD = − 11.13 U/L,
p
= 0.013) and high-impact (MD = − 17.44 IU/L,
p
< 0.001).
Conclusion
Moderate to high-impact sports positively affected bone turnover in young athletes. However, gender had no significant impact. |
---|---|
AbstractList | Background
Exercise is beneficial to bone health. However, little is known about the interaction effect of gender and sport type on bone turnover in young athletes. This study aimed to examine the influence of gender and sports categories (high, medium, and low impact) on bone turnover: reabsorption markers–osteocalcin, calcium, inorganic phosphate (IP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and resorption marker–cross-linked N-telopeptides of type 1 collagen (NTx) among a university’s undergraduate athletes.
Methods
The study was an ex-post facto design involving forty-seven purposively recruited gender- and sport-type-matched undergraduate athletes whose demographic characteristics and BMI were obtained. Participants’ 5 mL antecubital blood samples were collected and analysed for serum levels of osteocalcin, calcium, IP, ALP, and NTx using standard laboratory protocols, Bio-Tek spectrometer, and KC4 (3.3) software. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and two-way ANOVA.
Results
The study involved 24 females and 23 males (
n
= 47) aged 22.15 ± 3.35 years with an average BMI of 23.34 ± 4.66. There was no significant gender effect on the biomarkers. However, there was a significant effect of the sports category on IP (
F
= 4.307,
p
= 0.020), calcium (
F
= 6.807,
p
= 0.003), and ALP serum levels (
F
= 11.511,
p
< 0.001). Specifically, mid-impact sports participants had a higher IP than the low-impact group (mean difference [MD] = 0.81 mg/dL,
p
= 0.036). Low-impact had a higher calcium level than mid-impact (MD = 0.40 mg/dL,
p
= 0.022) and high-impact (MD = 0.49 mg/dL,
p
= 0.003). Conversely, low-impact had lower ALP than mid-impact (MD = − 11.13 U/L,
p
= 0.013) and high-impact (MD = − 17.44 IU/L,
p
< 0.001).
Conclusion
Moderate to high-impact sports positively affected bone turnover in young athletes. However, gender had no significant impact. Abstract Background Exercise is beneficial to bone health. However, little is known about the interaction effect of gender and sport type on bone turnover in young athletes. This study aimed to examine the influence of gender and sports categories (high, medium, and low impact) on bone turnover: reabsorption markers–osteocalcin, calcium, inorganic phosphate (IP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and resorption marker–cross-linked N-telopeptides of type 1 collagen (NTx) among a university’s undergraduate athletes. Methods The study was an ex-post facto design involving forty-seven purposively recruited gender- and sport-type-matched undergraduate athletes whose demographic characteristics and BMI were obtained. Participants’ 5 mL antecubital blood samples were collected and analysed for serum levels of osteocalcin, calcium, IP, ALP, and NTx using standard laboratory protocols, Bio-Tek spectrometer, and KC4 (3.3) software. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and two-way ANOVA. Results The study involved 24 females and 23 males (n = 47) aged 22.15 ± 3.35 years with an average BMI of 23.34 ± 4.66. There was no significant gender effect on the biomarkers. However, there was a significant effect of the sports category on IP (F = 4.307, p = 0.020), calcium (F = 6.807, p = 0.003), and ALP serum levels (F = 11.511, p < 0.001). Specifically, mid-impact sports participants had a higher IP than the low-impact group (mean difference [MD] = 0.81 mg/dL, p = 0.036). Low-impact had a higher calcium level than mid-impact (MD = 0.40 mg/dL, p = 0.022) and high-impact (MD = 0.49 mg/dL, p = 0.003). Conversely, low-impact had lower ALP than mid-impact (MD = − 11.13 U/L, p = 0.013) and high-impact (MD = − 17.44 IU/L, p < 0.001). Conclusion Moderate to high-impact sports positively affected bone turnover in young athletes. However, gender had no significant impact. BackgroundExercise is beneficial to bone health. However, little is known about the interaction effect of gender and sport type on bone turnover in young athletes. This study aimed to examine the influence of gender and sports categories (high, medium, and low impact) on bone turnover: reabsorption markers–osteocalcin, calcium, inorganic phosphate (IP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and resorption marker–cross-linked N-telopeptides of type 1 collagen (NTx) among a university’s undergraduate athletes.MethodsThe study was an ex-post facto design involving forty-seven purposively recruited gender- and sport-type-matched undergraduate athletes whose demographic characteristics and BMI were obtained. Participants’ 5 mL antecubital blood samples were collected and analysed for serum levels of osteocalcin, calcium, IP, ALP, and NTx using standard laboratory protocols, Bio-Tek spectrometer, and KC4 (3.3) software. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and two-way ANOVA.ResultsThe study involved 24 females and 23 males (n = 47) aged 22.15 ± 3.35 years with an average BMI of 23.34 ± 4.66. There was no significant gender effect on the biomarkers. However, there was a significant effect of the sports category on IP (F = 4.307, p = 0.020), calcium (F = 6.807, p = 0.003), and ALP serum levels (F = 11.511, p < 0.001). Specifically, mid-impact sports participants had a higher IP than the low-impact group (mean difference [MD] = 0.81 mg/dL, p = 0.036). Low-impact had a higher calcium level than mid-impact (MD = 0.40 mg/dL, p = 0.022) and high-impact (MD = 0.49 mg/dL, p = 0.003). Conversely, low-impact had lower ALP than mid-impact (MD = − 11.13 U/L, p = 0.013) and high-impact (MD = − 17.44 IU/L, p < 0.001).ConclusionModerate to high-impact sports positively affected bone turnover in young athletes. However, gender had no significant impact. Abstract Background Exercise is beneficial to bone health. However, little is known about the interaction effect of gender and sport type on bone turnover in young athletes. This study aimed to examine the influence of gender and sports categories (high, medium, and low impact) on bone turnover: reabsorption markers–osteocalcin, calcium, inorganic phosphate (IP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and resorption marker–cross-linked N-telopeptides of type 1 collagen (NTx) among a university’s undergraduate athletes. Methods The study was an ex-post facto design involving forty-seven purposively recruited gender- and sport-type-matched undergraduate athletes whose demographic characteristics and BMI were obtained. Participants’ 5 mL antecubital blood samples were collected and analysed for serum levels of osteocalcin, calcium, IP, ALP, and NTx using standard laboratory protocols, Bio-Tek spectrometer, and KC4 (3.3) software. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and two-way ANOVA. Results The study involved 24 females and 23 males ( n = 47) aged 22.15 ± 3.35 years with an average BMI of 23.34 ± 4.66. There was no significant gender effect on the biomarkers. However, there was a significant effect of the sports category on IP ( F = 4.307, p = 0.020), calcium ( F = 6.807, p = 0.003), and ALP serum levels ( F = 11.511, p < 0.001). Specifically, mid-impact sports participants had a higher IP than the low-impact group (mean difference [MD] = 0.81 mg/dL, p = 0.036). Low-impact had a higher calcium level than mid-impact (MD = 0.40 mg/dL, p = 0.022) and high-impact (MD = 0.49 mg/dL, p = 0.003). Conversely, low-impact had lower ALP than mid-impact (MD = − 11.13 U/L, p = 0.013) and high-impact (MD = − 17.44 IU/L, p < 0.001). Conclusion Moderate to high-impact sports positively affected bone turnover in young athletes. However, gender had no significant impact. |
ArticleNumber | 37 |
Author | Mbada, Chidozie E. Awotidebe, Taofeek O. Onyeso, Ogochukwu K. Idomeh, Festus A. Okhawere, Martin I. Oke, Kayode I. Apiloko, Joy O. Aje, Oluwakayode S. Adagbusi, Charles O. |
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Exercise is beneficial to bone health. However, little is known about the interaction effect of gender and sport type on bone turnover in young... Abstract Background Exercise is beneficial to bone health. However, little is known about the interaction effect of gender and sport type on bone turnover in... BackgroundExercise is beneficial to bone health. However, little is known about the interaction effect of gender and sport type on bone turnover in young... Abstract Background Exercise is beneficial to bone health. However, little is known about the interaction effect of gender and sport type on bone turnover in... |
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SubjectTerms | Basketball Biomarkers Body mass index Bone density Bone remodelling Ex post facto design Fractures Gender differences Medicine Medicine & Public Health Mens health Metabolism Musculoskeletal system Original Research Article Orthopedics Osteoporosis Sample size Software Sports impact Sports participation Statistical analysis Student athletes Undergraduates University students Variance analysis Volleyball Womens health |
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Title | Influence of sport type and gender on bone turnover markers in young athletes |
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