Synthesis and anticancer activity of silver( i )–N-heterocyclic carbene complexes derived from the natural xanthine products caffeine, theophylline and theobromine
A new library of silver( i )–N-heterocyclic carbene complexes prepared from the natural products caffeine, theophylline and theobromine is reported. The complexes have been fully characterised using a combination of NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, elemental analysis and X-ray diffraction analys...
Saved in:
| Published in | Dalton transactions : an international journal of inorganic chemistry Vol. 44; no. 16; pp. 7563 - 7569 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
England
28.04.2015
|
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
Cover
Loading…
| Abstract | A new library of silver(
i
)–N-heterocyclic carbene complexes prepared from the natural products caffeine, theophylline and theobromine is reported. The complexes have been fully characterised using a combination of NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, elemental analysis and X-ray diffraction analysis. Furthermore, the hydrophobicity of the complexes has been measured. The silver(
i
)–N-heterocyclic carbenes have been evaluated for their antiproliferative properties against a range of cancer cell lines of different histological types, and compared to cisplatin. The data shows different profiles of response when compared to cisplatin in the same panel of cells, indicating a different mechanism of action. Furthermore, it appears that the steric effect of the ligand and the hydrophobicity of the complex both play a role in the chemosensitivity of these compounds, with greater steric bulk and greater hydrophilicity delivering higher cytotoxicity. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | A new library of silver(I)-N-heterocyclic carbene complexes prepared from the natural products caffeine, theophylline and theobromine is reported. The complexes have been fully characterised using a combination of NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, elemental analysis and X-ray diffraction analysis. Furthermore, the hydrophobicity of the complexes has been measured. The silver(I)-N-heterocyclic carbenes have been evaluated for their antiproliferative properties against a range of cancer cell lines of different histological types, and compared to cisplatin. The data shows different profiles of response when compared to cisplatin in the same panel of cells, indicating a different mechanism of action. Furthermore, it appears that the steric effect of the ligand and the hydrophobicity of the complex both play a role in the chemosensitivity of these compounds, with greater steric bulk and greater hydrophilicity delivering higher cytotoxicity.A new library of silver(I)-N-heterocyclic carbene complexes prepared from the natural products caffeine, theophylline and theobromine is reported. The complexes have been fully characterised using a combination of NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, elemental analysis and X-ray diffraction analysis. Furthermore, the hydrophobicity of the complexes has been measured. The silver(I)-N-heterocyclic carbenes have been evaluated for their antiproliferative properties against a range of cancer cell lines of different histological types, and compared to cisplatin. The data shows different profiles of response when compared to cisplatin in the same panel of cells, indicating a different mechanism of action. Furthermore, it appears that the steric effect of the ligand and the hydrophobicity of the complex both play a role in the chemosensitivity of these compounds, with greater steric bulk and greater hydrophilicity delivering higher cytotoxicity. A new library of silver( i )–N-heterocyclic carbene complexes prepared from the natural products caffeine, theophylline and theobromine is reported. The complexes have been fully characterised using a combination of NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, elemental analysis and X-ray diffraction analysis. Furthermore, the hydrophobicity of the complexes has been measured. The silver( i )–N-heterocyclic carbenes have been evaluated for their antiproliferative properties against a range of cancer cell lines of different histological types, and compared to cisplatin. The data shows different profiles of response when compared to cisplatin in the same panel of cells, indicating a different mechanism of action. Furthermore, it appears that the steric effect of the ligand and the hydrophobicity of the complex both play a role in the chemosensitivity of these compounds, with greater steric bulk and greater hydrophilicity delivering higher cytotoxicity. A new library of silver(I)-N-heterocyclic carbene complexes prepared from the natural products caffeine, theophylline and theobromine is reported. The complexes have been fully characterised using a combination of NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, elemental analysis and X-ray diffraction analysis. Furthermore, the hydrophobicity of the complexes has been measured. The silver(I)-N-heterocyclic carbenes have been evaluated for their antiproliferative properties against a range of cancer cell lines of different histological types, and compared to cisplatin. The data shows different profiles of response when compared to cisplatin in the same panel of cells, indicating a different mechanism of action. Furthermore, it appears that the steric effect of the ligand and the hydrophobicity of the complex both play a role in the chemosensitivity of these compounds, with greater steric bulk and greater hydrophilicity delivering higher cytotoxicity. |
| Author | Phillips, Roger M. Mohamed, Heba A. Willans, Charlotte E. Lake, Benjamin R. M. Laing, Thomas |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Heba A. surname: Mohamed fullname: Mohamed, Heba A. organization: School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK – sequence: 2 givenname: Benjamin R. M. surname: Lake fullname: Lake, Benjamin R. M. organization: School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK – sequence: 3 givenname: Thomas surname: Laing fullname: Laing, Thomas organization: Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK – sequence: 4 givenname: Roger M. surname: Phillips fullname: Phillips, Roger M. organization: Department of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK – sequence: 5 givenname: Charlotte E. surname: Willans fullname: Willans, Charlotte E. organization: School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25812062$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
| BookMark | eNptkUuO1DAQhi00iHnAhgMgLwdEwHbSdmeJeoAZaQQLeh_ZlbLayIkb22lNdtyBM3AxToKjeUmIRcn1-P5fJdcpORrDiIS85OwdZ3X7ftNcbFktVXvxhJzwRqmqFXVz9JALeUxOU_rOmBBsJZ6RY7Fac8GkOCG_v81j3mFyieqxL5Ed6BEwUg3ZHVyeabA0OX_AeE4dff3n568v1Q4zxgAzeAcUdDQ4IoUw7D3eYKI9RnfAntoYBlrc6ajzFLWnN8V_5wq7j6GfIKcithZL5-3Chf1u9n6ZL7ssDVMcSv2cPLXaJ3xx956R7aeP281ldf3189Xmw3UFYq1yJbnlNQiuTYOWr0Aq23PZCCtlLU2rLDNC23XbN1Dm3BhotKyV4b21gKv6jJzf2pb1fkyYcje4BOi9HjFMqeNSCclr1bCCvrpDJzNg3-2jG3Scu_ufLQC7BSCGlCLaDlzW2YUxR-18x1m3HK97PF6RvPlHcu_6H_gvB2iexA |
| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1002_marc_201700446 crossref_primary_10_1007_s13204_020_01359_1 crossref_primary_10_3390_molecules26123705 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41570_023_00463_4 crossref_primary_10_1080_00958972_2019_1697808 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jorganchem_2022_122489 crossref_primary_10_1002_aoc_4760 crossref_primary_10_1039_C6DT02079H crossref_primary_10_1002_ejoc_201800466 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ejmech_2015_11_034 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_molstruc_2021_132292 crossref_primary_10_1002_cmdc_202400118 crossref_primary_10_1021_acs_organomet_9b00228 crossref_primary_10_1002_ajoc_202200564 crossref_primary_10_1039_C8RA00450A crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jorganchem_2019_121062 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ccr_2016_05_015 crossref_primary_10_1039_C5RA21419J crossref_primary_10_1002_ddr_21478 crossref_primary_10_1039_C6NJ03299K crossref_primary_10_1002_marc_201600748 crossref_primary_10_1002_cmdc_202400236 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cclet_2016_10_021 crossref_primary_10_1039_C9SC06460E crossref_primary_10_2147_CMAR_S391546 crossref_primary_10_1021_acs_organomet_0c00069 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jinorgbio_2023_112290 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jinorgbio_2018_02_012 crossref_primary_10_13005_ojc_360515 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_poly_2017_06_028 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jphotochem_2018_10_024 crossref_primary_10_1080_00958972_2023_2219369 crossref_primary_10_1002_jhet_3311 crossref_primary_10_1002_cmdc_202000836 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ccr_2016_09_004 crossref_primary_10_1002_aoc_6687 crossref_primary_10_2174_1871520618666180420165821 crossref_primary_10_1039_C9DT04751D crossref_primary_10_1039_D2EW00400C crossref_primary_10_1002_cbdv_202300061 crossref_primary_10_3390_inorganics11040164 crossref_primary_10_1039_C9RA04098F crossref_primary_10_1080_00958972_2017_1366466 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jphotochem_2019_112196 crossref_primary_10_1021_acs_organomet_1c00641 crossref_primary_10_1021_acs_organomet_2c00019 crossref_primary_10_47481_jscmt_1117139 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jscs_2019_03_002 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12257_021_0301_0 crossref_primary_10_1002_ardp_202200041 crossref_primary_10_1039_C6RA06682H crossref_primary_10_1007_s11172_020_2914_4 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ica_2018_02_022 crossref_primary_10_1021_acs_jmedchem_2c01925 crossref_primary_10_2174_0929867324666170920125943 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11164_017_2916_5 crossref_primary_10_1002_slct_201800749 crossref_primary_10_3390_molecules22081263 crossref_primary_10_1039_D0NJ05906D crossref_primary_10_1080_15533174_2016_1157816 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms25052599 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms252413422 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_bmc_2015_12_032 crossref_primary_10_1107_S2414314619010034 crossref_primary_10_1021_acs_organomet_3c00166 crossref_primary_10_1002_chem_201800448 crossref_primary_10_3390_molecules27134316 crossref_primary_10_3390_molecules21020189 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_molstruc_2020_129117 crossref_primary_10_3233_MGC_220121 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jorganchem_2018_01_008 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ica_2020_119588 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_poly_2024_117234 |
| Cites_doi | 10.1021/jm060711t 10.1039/c2dt12399a 10.1021/ja075889z 10.1007/s00249-005-0472-1 10.1038/205698a0 10.1039/b906308k 10.1002/1521-3773(20020415)41:8<1290::AID-ANIE1290>3.0.CO;2-Y 10.1021/ja00001a054 10.1021/cr800500u 10.1002/ejic.200801095 10.1007/s00018-007-7051-9 10.1016/j.ccr.2006.09.002 10.1021/ic403011h 10.1039/C1DT11100K 10.1155/2008/384010 10.1039/b902238b 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.05.036 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2012.07.006 10.1021/ar800020y 10.1039/C4DT00624K 10.1039/b907726j 10.1128/AAC.5.6.582 |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| DBID | AAYXX CITATION CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF NPM 7X8 |
| DOI | 10.1039/C4DT03679D |
| DatabaseName | CrossRef Medline MEDLINE MEDLINE (Ovid) MEDLINE MEDLINE PubMed MEDLINE - Academic |
| DatabaseTitle | CrossRef MEDLINE Medline Complete MEDLINE with Full Text PubMed MEDLINE (Ovid) MEDLINE - Academic |
| DatabaseTitleList | MEDLINE - Academic CrossRef MEDLINE |
| Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: NPM name: PubMed url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed sourceTypes: Index Database – sequence: 2 dbid: EIF name: MEDLINE url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=https://www.webofscience.com/wos/medline/basic-search sourceTypes: Index Database |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Chemistry |
| EISSN | 1477-9234 |
| EndPage | 7569 |
| ExternalDocumentID | 25812062 10_1039_C4DT03679D |
| Genre | Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Journal Article |
| GroupedDBID | --- -DZ -~X 0-7 0R~ 0UZ 186 29F 2WC 3EH 4.4 53G 5GY 6TJ 705 70~ 71~ 7~J 9M8 AAEMU AAIWI AAJAE AAMEH AANOJ AAWGC AAXHV AAXPP AAYXX ABASK ABDVN ABEMK ABJNI ABPDG ABRYZ ABXOH ACGFS ACHDF ACIWK ACLDK ACNCT ACRPL ADMRA ADNMO ADSRN ADXHL AEFDR AENEX AENGV AESAV AETIL AFLYV AFOGI AFRDS AFRZK AFVBQ AGEGJ AGKEF AGQPQ AGRSR AHGCF AHGXI AKMSF ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS ALSGL ALUYA ANBJS ANLMG ANUXI APEMP ASKNT ASPBG AUDPV AVWKF AZFZN BBWZM BLAPV BSQNT C6K CAG CITATION COF CS3 D0L DU5 EBS ECGLT EE0 EEHRC EF- EJD F5P FEDTE GGIMP GNO H13 HVGLF HZ~ H~9 H~N IDY IDZ J3G J3H J3I L-8 M4U NDZJH O9- R56 R7B R7C RAOCF RCLXC RCNCU RNS ROL RPMJG RRA RRC RSCEA SKA SKF SLH TN5 TWZ UPT VH6 WH7 XJT XOL ZCG CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF NPM 7X8 |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c287t-61f13c21ab4ef15c67fd1642f6636b97f0b2af89d4cef11bbc4a637b1dffce53 |
| ISSN | 1477-9226 1477-9234 |
| IngestDate | Thu Jul 10 18:49:00 EDT 2025 Thu Apr 03 07:00:27 EDT 2025 Thu Apr 24 23:03:56 EDT 2025 Tue Jul 01 04:32:46 EDT 2025 |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Issue | 16 |
| Language | English |
| LinkModel | OpenURL |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c287t-61f13c21ab4ef15c67fd1642f6636b97f0b2af89d4cef11bbc4a637b1dffce53 |
| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 |
| PMID | 25812062 |
| PQID | 1672613740 |
| PQPubID | 23479 |
| PageCount | 7 |
| ParticipantIDs | proquest_miscellaneous_1672613740 pubmed_primary_25812062 crossref_citationtrail_10_1039_C4DT03679D crossref_primary_10_1039_C4DT03679D |
| ProviderPackageCode | CITATION AAYXX |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | 2015-04-28 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2015-04-28 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 04 year: 2015 text: 2015-04-28 day: 28 |
| PublicationDecade | 2010 |
| PublicationPlace | England |
| PublicationPlace_xml | – name: England |
| PublicationTitle | Dalton transactions : an international journal of inorganic chemistry |
| PublicationTitleAlternate | Dalton Trans |
| PublicationYear | 2015 |
| References | Marion (C4DT03679D-(cit4)/*[position()=1]) 2008; 41 Mercs (C4DT03679D-(cit7)/*[position()=1]) 2010; 39 Bertrand (C4DT03679D-(cit22)/*[position()=1]) 2014; 53 Aher (C4DT03679D-(cit15)/*[position()=1]) 2014; 81 Youngs (C4DT03679D-(cit6)/*[position()=1]) 2012; 41 Monteiro (C4DT03679D-(cit17)/*[position()=1]) 2012; 41 Corberan (C4DT03679D-(cit5)/*[position()=1]) 2009 Panzner (C4DT03679D-(cit21)/*[position()=1]) 2009 Arduengo (C4DT03679D-(cit1)/*[position()=1]) 1991; 113 Mohamed (C4DT03679D-(cit14)/*[position()=1]) 2014 Daly (C4DT03679D-(cit19)/*[position()=1]) 2007; 64 Medvetz (C4DT03679D-(cit13)/*[position()=1]) 2008; 2008 Dragutan (C4DT03679D-(cit3)/*[position()=1]) 2007; 251 Hackenberg (C4DT03679D-(cit16)/*[position()=1]) 2012; 717 Hindi (C4DT03679D-(cit9)/*[position()=1]) 2009; 109 Kascatan-Nebioglu (C4DT03679D-(cit20)/*[position()=1]) 2006; 49 Hackenberg (C4DT03679D-(cit11)/*[position()=1]) 2014; 43 Rosenber (C4DT03679D-(cit18)/*[position()=1]) 1965; 205 Ray (C4DT03679D-(cit10)/*[position()=1]) 2007; 129 Fox (C4DT03679D-(cit12)/*[position()=1]) 1974; 5 Teyssot (C4DT03679D-(cit8)/*[position()=1]) 2009 Trapp (C4DT03679D-(cit23)/*[position()=1]) 2005; 34 Herrmann (C4DT03679D-(cit2)/*[position()=1]) 2002; 41 |
| References_xml | – volume: 49 start-page: 6811 year: 2006 ident: C4DT03679D-(cit20)/*[position()=1] publication-title: J. Med. Chem. doi: 10.1021/jm060711t – volume: 41 start-page: 3720 year: 2012 ident: C4DT03679D-(cit17)/*[position()=1] publication-title: Dalton Trans. doi: 10.1039/c2dt12399a – volume: 129 start-page: 15042 year: 2007 ident: C4DT03679D-(cit10)/*[position()=1] publication-title: J. Am. Chem. Soc. doi: 10.1021/ja075889z – volume: 34 start-page: 959 year: 2005 ident: C4DT03679D-(cit23)/*[position()=1] publication-title: Eur. Biophys. J. Biophys. Lett. doi: 10.1007/s00249-005-0472-1 – volume: 205 start-page: 698 year: 1965 ident: C4DT03679D-(cit18)/*[position()=1] publication-title: Nature doi: 10.1038/205698a0 – start-page: 6894 year: 2009 ident: C4DT03679D-(cit8)/*[position()=1] publication-title: Dalton Trans. doi: 10.1039/b906308k – volume: 41 start-page: 1290 year: 2002 ident: C4DT03679D-(cit2)/*[position()=1] publication-title: Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. doi: 10.1002/1521-3773(20020415)41:8<1290::AID-ANIE1290>3.0.CO;2-Y – volume: 113 start-page: 361 year: 1991 ident: C4DT03679D-(cit1)/*[position()=1] publication-title: J. Am. Chem. Soc. doi: 10.1021/ja00001a054 – volume: 109 start-page: 3859 year: 2009 ident: C4DT03679D-(cit9)/*[position()=1] publication-title: Chem. Rev. doi: 10.1021/cr800500u – start-page: 1700 year: 2009 ident: C4DT03679D-(cit5)/*[position()=1] publication-title: Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. doi: 10.1002/ejic.200801095 – volume: 64 start-page: 2153 year: 2007 ident: C4DT03679D-(cit19)/*[position()=1] publication-title: Cell. Mol. Life Sci. doi: 10.1007/s00018-007-7051-9 – volume: 251 start-page: 765 year: 2007 ident: C4DT03679D-(cit3)/*[position()=1] publication-title: Coord. Chem. Rev. doi: 10.1016/j.ccr.2006.09.002 – volume: 53 start-page: 2296 year: 2014 ident: C4DT03679D-(cit22)/*[position()=1] publication-title: Inorg. Chem. doi: 10.1021/ic403011h – volume-title: Organometallic Chemistry: Volume 39 year: 2014 ident: C4DT03679D-(cit14)/*[position()=1] – volume: 41 start-page: 327 year: 2012 ident: C4DT03679D-(cit6)/*[position()=1] publication-title: Dalton Trans. doi: 10.1039/C1DT11100K – volume: 2008 start-page: 384010 year: 2008 ident: C4DT03679D-(cit13)/*[position()=1] publication-title: Met.–Based Drugs doi: 10.1155/2008/384010 – volume: 39 start-page: 1903 year: 2010 ident: C4DT03679D-(cit7)/*[position()=1] publication-title: Chem. Soc. Rev. doi: 10.1039/b902238b – volume: 81 start-page: 408 year: 2014 ident: C4DT03679D-(cit15)/*[position()=1] publication-title: Eur. J. Med. Chem. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.05.036 – volume: 717 start-page: 123 year: 2012 ident: C4DT03679D-(cit16)/*[position()=1] publication-title: J. Organomet. Chem. doi: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2012.07.006 – volume: 41 start-page: 1440 year: 2008 ident: C4DT03679D-(cit4)/*[position()=1] publication-title: Acc. Chem. Res. doi: 10.1021/ar800020y – volume: 43 start-page: 8144 year: 2014 ident: C4DT03679D-(cit11)/*[position()=1] publication-title: Dalton Trans. doi: 10.1039/C4DT00624K – start-page: 7308 year: 2009 ident: C4DT03679D-(cit21)/*[position()=1] publication-title: Dalton Trans. doi: 10.1039/b907726j – volume: 5 start-page: 582 year: 1974 ident: C4DT03679D-(cit12)/*[position()=1] publication-title: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. doi: 10.1128/AAC.5.6.582 |
| SSID | ssj0022052 |
| Score | 2.4312396 |
| Snippet | A new library of silver(
i
)–N-heterocyclic carbene complexes prepared from the natural products caffeine, theophylline and theobromine is reported. The... A new library of silver(I)-N-heterocyclic carbene complexes prepared from the natural products caffeine, theophylline and theobromine is reported. The... |
| SourceID | proquest pubmed crossref |
| SourceType | Aggregation Database Index Database Enrichment Source |
| StartPage | 7563 |
| SubjectTerms | Antineoplastic Agents - chemical synthesis Antineoplastic Agents - chemistry Antineoplastic Agents - toxicity Biological Products - chemistry Caffeine - chemistry Cell Line, Tumor Cell Survival - drug effects Coordination Complexes - chemical synthesis Coordination Complexes - chemistry Coordination Complexes - toxicity Crystallography, X-Ray Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor Heterocyclic Compounds - chemistry Humans Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions Methane - analogs & derivatives Methane - chemistry Molecular Conformation Silver - chemistry Theobromine - chemistry Theophylline - chemistry Xanthine - chemistry |
| Title | Synthesis and anticancer activity of silver( i )–N-heterocyclic carbene complexes derived from the natural xanthine products caffeine, theophylline and theobromine |
| URI | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25812062 https://www.proquest.com/docview/1672613740 |
| Volume | 44 |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| link | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV3dbtMwFLa27gJuEIy_8icjuGAqKbXjJPVlaYcKYrsYRdpdZTu2WlSSqT_TxhXvwDPwYjwJx4mdpqNIg5socRIn6ffVPj4-_g5CLxnYoIabNOAy4gGLNAuEDGM4JFzZbIysEPU5Oo6Hn9mH0-h0Z3e_FrW0Wsq2-rZ1Xcn_oAplgKtdJfsPyFaVQgHsA76wBYRhey2MP11mYL9ZSZFSctX6pQHEeaGQce6CLRbTWRGl2W1NAWfuoxvC42BiQ2Fydams0LUScwntXhljri_0opXCJ5yDPVqtQClEQAHSC3jSxFqnZ6VcrNW3NkZPS-eoXRoJ2M0K-9XFZ-YS6vAz-M4UHgib0NrmqPAJyxeFf0JkhYbF2k25IW5RZqGC1_WJ6irG5BPxtfTcDrUUrV67ijUSZQDSW519EfAWrZN266h21mV1qYVKXZklOcnt0mh3i_OQkMhO9tB6o87sNDWlTnK7XuYcqa4nKJUoPePr7XoSuWZY-0O-tf_phFa-tc8GI7AMEj5Y97I-suBK51uFRBbBACEfr-_dRXsUxj60gfZ6h6P3Hys_Au0UiaSqz_KquyF_s7570876y-CpMKJGt9EtN_rBvZLKd9COzvbRjb7H8i76WVEaA3XwmtLYUxrnBpeUfoWn-ODX9x-bRMaOyLgiMnZExpbIGGrHjsjYExl7ImNP5Ne4TuPiXWo0vodG7w5H_WHgMokEinaTZRATQ0JFiZBMGxKpODEpgZG3AXs7ljwxHUmF6fKUKThPpFRMxGEiSWqM0lF4HzWyPNMPEaZKpUxEsFEx42DMKSINJUSQrpGcx0104H_2sXIq-zbZy2z8J8BN9KK69qzUltl61XOP3hjAsPN5ItP5ajEmcULBGk9Yp4kelLBW9dAILPdOTB9d6xmP0c31H-cJaiznK_0UjO2lfObI9xs96twn |
| linkProvider | Royal Society of Chemistry |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Synthesis+and+anticancer+activity+of+silver%28+i+%29%E2%80%93N-heterocyclic+carbene+complexes+derived+from+the+natural+xanthine+products+caffeine%2C+theophylline+and+theobromine&rft.jtitle=Dalton+transactions+%3A+an+international+journal+of+inorganic+chemistry&rft.au=Mohamed%2C+Heba+A.&rft.au=Lake%2C+Benjamin+R.+M.&rft.au=Laing%2C+Thomas&rft.au=Phillips%2C+Roger+M.&rft.date=2015-04-28&rft.issn=1477-9226&rft.eissn=1477-9234&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=7563&rft.epage=7569&rft_id=info:doi/10.1039%2FC4DT03679D&rft.externalDBID=n%2Fa&rft.externalDocID=10_1039_C4DT03679D |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=1477-9226&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=1477-9226&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=1477-9226&client=summon |