[Translated article] Map of use of parenteral analgesic admixtures in Spain. MEDPAIN project

This study is the first part of the MEDPAIN project “Update of analgesic parenteral admixtures: studies of use, compatibility and stability”, and its goal is to develop a national map about the use of analgesic parenteral admixtures in healthcare settings. Observational study, based on a survey aime...

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Published inFarmacia hospitalaria Vol. 47; no. 4; pp. T161 - T167
Main Authors Lara-Cátedra, Catalina, López-Cabezas, Carmen, García-López, Isabel, Elviro-Lloréns, María, Letéllez-Fernández, Javier, Martín de Rosales-Cabrera, Ana María, Alonso-Herreros, José María, SalaVilajosana, Núria
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Spain Elsevier España, S.L.U 01.07.2023
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Abstract This study is the first part of the MEDPAIN project “Update of analgesic parenteral admixtures: studies of use, compatibility and stability”, and its goal is to develop a national map about the use of analgesic parenteral admixtures in healthcare settings. Observational study, based on a survey aimed at Spanish hospital pharmacists, during the period December 2020 – April 2021. The questionnaire was designed in the RedCap® platform and disseminated through the Spanish Society of Hospital Pharmacy distribution list. An analgesic parenteral admixture (AM) was defined as the combination of two or more drugs, with at least one of them being an analgesic. The same combination of active ingredients, at different concentration and/or administered by different routes, was considered as a unique AM in this study. Some registered endpoints were related to the characteristics of the healthcare settings participating in the study, and others were related to the AM, such as drugs, doses and concentration range, route of administration, frequency of use, indication and type of patient (adult/pediatric) and where they are prepared. A total of 67 valid surveys from healthcare settings of 13 Spanish Autonomous Communities were received. They reported 462 AM. Every healthcare center informed an average of 6 AM (ICR p25-p75 = 4.0–9.0). Most of the reported mixtures were used in adults (93.9%) at hospital settings (91.8%), and they were mostly protocolized and frequently used. The 21.4% of them were compounded at the Pharmacy service. The AM included 26 different drugs, with opioid analgesics being present at the 87.4% of them. Midazolam was the most usual adjuvant drug. According to the definition of AM in this study, there were finally 137 different combinations mainly with two drugs (40.6%), but also with three (37.7%), four (15.2%) and five ingredients (6.5%). In conclusion, this study reveals the wide variability in current clinical practice and shows which are the most used analgesic parenteral admixtures in our country. Este estudio corresponde a la primera etapa del proyecto MEDPAIN “Actualización de mezclas analgésicas por vía parenteral: estudios de utilización, compatibilidad y estabilidad”, y tiene por objetivo la elaboración de un mapa a nivel nacional del empleo de mezclas analgésicas en hospitales y centros sociosanitarios. Estudio transversal, basado en una encuesta dirigida a farmacéuticos hospitalarios, durante el período diciembre 2020-abril 2021. Se diseñó un cuestionario multirrespuesta en la plataforma RedCap® para su difusión a través de la lista de distribución de la Sociedad Española de Farmacia Hospitalaria. Se definió mezcla analgésica como la combinación de dos o más principios activos, de los cuales al menos uno es analgésico. Una misma combinación de fármacos a distintas concentraciones, o administrada por diferentes vías, se consideró una misma mezcla a efectos de este estudio. Se registraron variables relacionadas con el centro participante y otras relacionadas con las mezclas analgésicas: composición farmacológica de la mezcla, vía de administración, frecuencia de uso, indicación, tipo de paciente (adulto/pediátrico), ámbito en el que se utiliza (hospitalario/domicilio) y lugar de preparación. Se recibieron un total de 67 encuestas válidas (55,4%) procedentes de 13 Comunidades Autónomas. Los 67 centros sanitarios comunicaron un total de 462 mezclas analgésicas. La mediana de mezclas informadas por centro participante fue de 6 (RICp25-p75 = 4,0-9,0). La mayoría de las mezclas notificadas se utilizan en adultos(93,9%) y en el ámbito hospitalario(91,8%); mayoritariamente se trata de mezclas protocolizadas y de uso frecuente. El 21,4% se preparan en el servicio de Farmacia. En las mezclas descritas aparecen 26 fármacos distintos; predominan los analgésicos opioides, presentes en el 87,4% de las mezclas. El fármaco coadyuvante más frecuente es el midazolam. Teniendo en cuenta únicamente las combinaciones distintas, se encontraron finalmente 137 mezclas diferentes. Aunque la mayoría de las mezclas estaban compuestas por dos fármacos (40,6%), también se han registrado mezclas de tres (37,7%), cuatro (15,2%) y cinco componentes (6,5%). En conclusión, este estudio permite confirmar la variabilidad en la práctica clínica actual y mostrar cuáles son las combinaciones de fármacos más utilizadas en nuestro país.
AbstractList This study is the first part of the MEDPAIN project “Update of analgesic parenteral admixtures: studies of use, compatibility and stability”, and its goal is to develop a national map about the use of analgesic parenteral admixtures in healthcare settings. Observational study, based on a survey aimed at Spanish hospital pharmacists, during the period December 2020 – April 2021. The questionnaire was designed in the RedCap® platform and disseminated through the Spanish Society of Hospital Pharmacy distribution list. An analgesic parenteral admixture (AM) was defined as the combination of two or more drugs, with at least one of them being an analgesic. The same combination of active ingredients, at different concentration and/or administered by different routes, was considered as a unique AM in this study. Some registered endpoints were related to the characteristics of the healthcare settings participating in the study, and others were related to the AM, such as drugs, doses and concentration range, route of administration, frequency of use, indication and type of patient (adult/pediatric) and where they are prepared. A total of 67 valid surveys from healthcare settings of 13 Spanish Autonomous Communities were received. They reported 462 AM. Every healthcare center informed an average of 6 AM (ICR p25-p75 = 4.0–9.0). Most of the reported mixtures were used in adults (93.9%) at hospital settings (91.8%), and they were mostly protocolized and frequently used. The 21.4% of them were compounded at the Pharmacy service. The AM included 26 different drugs, with opioid analgesics being present at the 87.4% of them. Midazolam was the most usual adjuvant drug. According to the definition of AM in this study, there were finally 137 different combinations mainly with two drugs (40.6%), but also with three (37.7%), four (15.2%) and five ingredients (6.5%). In conclusion, this study reveals the wide variability in current clinical practice and shows which are the most used analgesic parenteral admixtures in our country. Este estudio corresponde a la primera etapa del proyecto MEDPAIN “Actualización de mezclas analgésicas por vía parenteral: estudios de utilización, compatibilidad y estabilidad”, y tiene por objetivo la elaboración de un mapa a nivel nacional del empleo de mezclas analgésicas en hospitales y centros sociosanitarios. Estudio transversal, basado en una encuesta dirigida a farmacéuticos hospitalarios, durante el período diciembre 2020-abril 2021. Se diseñó un cuestionario multirrespuesta en la plataforma RedCap® para su difusión a través de la lista de distribución de la Sociedad Española de Farmacia Hospitalaria. Se definió mezcla analgésica como la combinación de dos o más principios activos, de los cuales al menos uno es analgésico. Una misma combinación de fármacos a distintas concentraciones, o administrada por diferentes vías, se consideró una misma mezcla a efectos de este estudio. Se registraron variables relacionadas con el centro participante y otras relacionadas con las mezclas analgésicas: composición farmacológica de la mezcla, vía de administración, frecuencia de uso, indicación, tipo de paciente (adulto/pediátrico), ámbito en el que se utiliza (hospitalario/domicilio) y lugar de preparación. Se recibieron un total de 67 encuestas válidas (55,4%) procedentes de 13 Comunidades Autónomas. Los 67 centros sanitarios comunicaron un total de 462 mezclas analgésicas. La mediana de mezclas informadas por centro participante fue de 6 (RICp25-p75 = 4,0-9,0). La mayoría de las mezclas notificadas se utilizan en adultos(93,9%) y en el ámbito hospitalario(91,8%); mayoritariamente se trata de mezclas protocolizadas y de uso frecuente. El 21,4% se preparan en el servicio de Farmacia. En las mezclas descritas aparecen 26 fármacos distintos; predominan los analgésicos opioides, presentes en el 87,4% de las mezclas. El fármaco coadyuvante más frecuente es el midazolam. Teniendo en cuenta únicamente las combinaciones distintas, se encontraron finalmente 137 mezclas diferentes. Aunque la mayoría de las mezclas estaban compuestas por dos fármacos (40,6%), también se han registrado mezclas de tres (37,7%), cuatro (15,2%) y cinco componentes (6,5%). En conclusión, este estudio permite confirmar la variabilidad en la práctica clínica actual y mostrar cuáles son las combinaciones de fármacos más utilizadas en nuestro país.
This study is the first part of the MEDPAIN project "Update of analgesic parenteral admixtures: studies of use, compatibility and stability", and its goal is to develop a national map about the use of analgesic parenteral admixtures in healthcare settings. Observational study, based on a survey aimed at Spanish hospital pharmacists, during the period December 2020-April 2021. The questionnaire was designed in the RedCap® platform and disseminated through the Spanish Society of Hospital Pharmacy distribution list. An analgesic parenteral admixture (AM) was defined as the combination of two or more drugs, with at least one of them being an analgesic. The same combination of active ingredients, at different concentration and/or administered by different routes, was considered as a unique AM in this study. Some registered endpoints were related to the characteristics of the healthcare settings participating in the study, and others were related to the AM, such as drugs, doses and concentration range, route of administration, frequency of use, indication and type of patient (adult/pediatric) and where they are prepared. A total of 67 valid surveys from healthcare settings of 13 Spanish Autonomous Communities were received. They reported 462 AM. Every healthcare center informed an average of 6 AM (ICR p25-p75 =4.0-9.0). Most of the reported mixtures were used in adults (93.9%) at hospital settings (91.8%), and they were mostly protocolized and frequently used. The 21.4% of them were compounded at the Pharmacy service. The AM included 26 different drugs, with opioid analgesics being present at the 87.4% of them. Midazolam was the most usual adjuvant drug. According to the definition of AM in this study, there were finally 137 different combinations mainly with two drugs (40.6%), but also with three (37.7%), four (15.2%) and five ingredients (6.5%). This study reveals the wide variability in current clinical practice and shows which are the most used analgesic parenteral admixtures in our country.
Author Alonso-Herreros, José María
Lara-Cátedra, Catalina
SalaVilajosana, Núria
Elviro-Lloréns, María
Letéllez-Fernández, Javier
Martín de Rosales-Cabrera, Ana María
López-Cabezas, Carmen
García-López, Isabel
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Copyright 2023 Sociedad Española de Farmacia Hospitalaria (S.E.F.H)
Copyright © 2023 Sociedad Española de Farmacia Hospitalaria (S.E.F.H). Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.
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Mapa de utilización de mezclas analgésicas por vía parenteral en España. Proyecto MEDPAIN
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Issue 4
Keywords Survey
Mezclas parenterales
Pain
Parenteral admixtures
Dolor
Analgésicos opioides
Encuesta
Analgesia parenteral
Parenteral analgesia
Opioid analgesics
Language English
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Snippet This study is the first part of the MEDPAIN project “Update of analgesic parenteral admixtures: studies of use, compatibility and stability”, and its goal is...
This study is the first part of the MEDPAIN project "Update of analgesic parenteral admixtures: studies of use, compatibility and stability", and its goal is...
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SubjectTerms Adult
Analgesia parenteral
Analgesics
Analgésicos opioides
Child
Dolor
Encuesta
Humans
Mezclas parenterales
Opioid analgesics
Pain
Parenteral admixtures
Parenteral analgesia
Parenteral Nutrition
Pharmaceutical Preparations
Spain
Survey
Title [Translated article] Map of use of parenteral analgesic admixtures in Spain. MEDPAIN project
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.farma.2023.06.002
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37244846
Volume 47
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