The Effect of Gut Microbiome, Neurotransmitters, and Digital Insights in Autism
Background: Autism spectrum disorder is a multifactorial phenomenon whose genetic, biological, environmental, and nutritional factors outline the heterogeneous phenotype of the disease. A limitation in social connections with others, stereotyped reactions, and specific interests and preferences char...
Saved in:
| Published in | Applied Microbiology (Basel) Vol. 4; no. 4; pp. 1677 - 1701 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
MDPI AG
01.12.2024
|
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 2673-8007 2673-8007 |
| DOI | 10.3390/applmicrobiol4040114 |
Cover
Loading…
| Abstract | Background: Autism spectrum disorder is a multifactorial phenomenon whose genetic, biological, environmental, and nutritional factors outline the heterogeneous phenotype of the disease. A limitation in social connections with others, stereotyped reactions, and specific interests and preferences characterize the behavioral manifestations of a person with autism. Also, weaknesses are found in emotional, cognitive, and metacognitive development, significantly burdening the individual’s quality of life. Lately, it has gained widespread acceptance that the gut microbiome and neurotransmission constitute two decisive etiological factors of autism both in the prenatal period and postnatally. This study aims to investigate data on the interaction between the quantitative and qualitative composition of the gut flora and neurotransmission in humans, as well as their influences on the appearance and progression of the symptoms of autism spectrum disorder. At the same time, it captures the role of digital technology in diagnosing and intervening in autism, which is mainly related to the individual subjects under study. Methods: The current research employs an exploratory review to provide a concise overview of the complex neuronal functions associated with neurotransmitter action and the homeostasis mechanisms that allow the brain and the human body to survive and perform optimally. Results: A review of 111 sources highlighted the connection of dietary habits with synthesizing and releasing neurotransmitters and their influence on the emergence of autism-related behaviors. Conclusions: The literature review’s findings revealed the importance and influence of nutritional factors on neurotransmission performance and behavioral, social, and cognitive development among individuals with autism. Moreover, it is noteworthy that combining a healthy lifestyle and the targeted use of digital tools can improve the intensity of autism symptoms. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Background: Autism spectrum disorder is a multifactorial phenomenon whose genetic, biological, environmental, and nutritional factors outline the heterogeneous phenotype of the disease. A limitation in social connections with others, stereotyped reactions, and specific interests and preferences characterize the behavioral manifestations of a person with autism. Also, weaknesses are found in emotional, cognitive, and metacognitive development, significantly burdening the individual’s quality of life. Lately, it has gained widespread acceptance that the gut microbiome and neurotransmission constitute two decisive etiological factors of autism both in the prenatal period and postnatally. This study aims to investigate data on the interaction between the quantitative and qualitative composition of the gut flora and neurotransmission in humans, as well as their influences on the appearance and progression of the symptoms of autism spectrum disorder. At the same time, it captures the role of digital technology in diagnosing and intervening in autism, which is mainly related to the individual subjects under study. Methods: The current research employs an exploratory review to provide a concise overview of the complex neuronal functions associated with neurotransmitter action and the homeostasis mechanisms that allow the brain and the human body to survive and perform optimally. Results: A review of 111 sources highlighted the connection of dietary habits with synthesizing and releasing neurotransmitters and their influence on the emergence of autism-related behaviors. Conclusions: The literature review’s findings revealed the importance and influence of nutritional factors on neurotransmission performance and behavioral, social, and cognitive development among individuals with autism. Moreover, it is noteworthy that combining a healthy lifestyle and the targeted use of digital tools can improve the intensity of autism symptoms. |
| Author | Bamicha, Victoria Drigas, Athanasios Pergantis, Pantelis |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Victoria orcidid: 0000-0003-0113-2550 surname: Bamicha fullname: Bamicha, Victoria – sequence: 2 givenname: Pantelis orcidid: 0009-0003-7788-9338 surname: Pergantis fullname: Pergantis, Pantelis – sequence: 3 givenname: Athanasios orcidid: 0000-0001-5637-9601 surname: Drigas fullname: Drigas, Athanasios |
| BookMark | eNp9kMtOAjEYhRuDiYi8gYs-AKO9zaXuCCKSoGxw3bTTFkpmpqQtC9_eUTAxxrj6T_7kfDnnXINB5zsDwC1Gd5RydC8Ph6Z1dfDK-YYhhjBmF2BIipJmFULl4Ie-AuMY9wghUnFMSzoE683OwLm1pk7QW7g4JvhyhrVmAl_NMfgUZBdbl5IJcQJlp-Gj27okG7jsotvuUoSug9NjcrG9AZdWNtGMz3cE3p7mm9lztlovlrPpKqtJWbGMGdMLbmrJKNa8VkWlsdFUMqbyitmSqkIRovIcEV3lpLDcaq6JopZhyUs6AssTV3u5F4fgWhnehZdOfD182AoZkqsbI6SRVtEiVzYvGSdIGVJXRCHGcsypJD3r4cTqe8cYjBV13y453_XNXSMwEp9Li7-W7s3sl_k7zL-2DxAOiVM |
| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1016_j_compbiomed_2025_109984 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms26020808 crossref_primary_10_3390_microorganisms13040725 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_medmic_2025_100122 |
| Cites_doi | 10.1146/annurev-nutr-061121-090535 10.1016/j.jtcme.2022.03.001 10.1016/j.eng.2019.07.026 10.1007/s40572-022-00347-7 10.4103/1673-5374.284989 10.1128/msystems.00848-20 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105156 10.14295/bjs.v2i12.422 10.1016/j.gtc.2016.09.002 10.1080/10408398.2018.1484340 10.3389/fcimb.2022.915701 10.1080/07853890.2020.1808239 10.1186/s43163-021-00152-3 10.1002/jcp.25518 10.1038/s41593-023-01361-0 10.1080/1028415X.2018.1464819 10.1002/fft2.125 10.1002/jdn.10005 10.47577/biochemmed.v3i3.7343 10.5582/bst.2024.01123 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2017.12.007 10.1038/s41398-023-02317-5 10.30574/wjbphs.2023.14.3.0253 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.02.021 10.3103/S0891416821050104 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.06.032 10.1155/2016/8301737 10.1016/j.spen.2016.04.001 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113471 10.1002/aur.2740 10.1016/j.clinthera.2015.03.002 10.1007/978-3-319-28099-8 10.3390/ijms252212407 10.47577/biochemmed.v3i2.6338 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165859 10.33448/rsd-v12i3.40420 10.1093/nutrit/nuw048 10.3991/ijes.v1i2.3279 10.1007/s10803-019-04357-7 10.14295/bjs.v2i12.426 10.1159/000478725 10.30574/gscarr.2023.16.2.0334 10.1016/j.gtc.2016.09.007 10.1124/dmd.115.063826 10.1007/s12519-023-00702-0 10.1002/aur.2358 10.36227/techrxiv.22638736.v1 10.1007/978-1-4614-4788-7 10.1038/nrn3071 10.1016/j.synbio.2021.03.003 10.3390/medicina58070923 10.1017/9781108762519.002 10.37714/josam.v3i2.90 10.3390/brainsci10030163 10.3390/neurolint14040071 10.1007/s13312-021-2305-4 10.1088/2040-8986/19/1/013003 10.1007/978-981-19-5021-6 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.860448 10.1007/978-981-15-9781-7 10.3390/nu11112812 10.1016/j.bbi.2017.01.016 10.1080/01691864.2019.1589570 10.3390/nu14142896 10.1007/s12325-020-01272-7 10.3390/bs13121008 10.3389/fmicb.2022.871086 10.31887/DCNS.2011.13.1/agonzalez 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.07.013 10.1007/s12264-021-00673-0 10.1113/JP273582 10.1038/s41598-021-03794-8 10.3390/nu12030792 10.1007/s11011-014-9560-1 10.1016/B978-0-12-374927-7.00004-2 10.1186/s40168-017-0242-1 10.1089/biores.2016.0010 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.07.001 10.5772/59122 10.14295/bjs.v3i1.457 10.3991/ijoe.v19i11.37895 10.3390/ijms23031363 10.1038/s41398-022-01922-0 10.3389/fnins.2020.578666 10.1007/978-981-16-6760-2 10.1038/s41598-022-21327-9 10.21037/mhealth.2017.08.07 10.33448/rsd-v12i2.39568 10.3390/nu11030521 10.3390/ijms23115954 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.12.023 10.1016/S2352-4642(22)00037-2 10.3389/fcimb.2021.801376 10.1139/gen-2020-0136 10.3389/fncir.2013.00136 10.1007/978-981-16-8158-5 10.3389/fncel.2018.00470 10.3390/nu14132661 10.35712/aig.v3.i1.1 10.1515/revneuro-2023-0055 10.3390/s23063062 10.1007/978-3-030-30402-7_8 10.1007/s12602-017-9262-1 10.1016/j.spen.2020.100834 10.20944/preprints202305.1223.v1 10.3991/ijim.v14i03.10281 10.36560/16420231711 10.1038/s41598-023-50601-7 |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| DBID | AAYXX CITATION DOA |
| DOI | 10.3390/applmicrobiol4040114 |
| DatabaseName | CrossRef DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals |
| DatabaseTitle | CrossRef |
| DatabaseTitleList | CrossRef |
| Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: DOA name: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals url: https://www.doaj.org/ sourceTypes: Open Website |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| EISSN | 2673-8007 |
| EndPage | 1701 |
| ExternalDocumentID | oai_doaj_org_article_aeafb365bf574920be2c82b0445193a2 10_3390_applmicrobiol4040114 |
| GroupedDBID | AAYXX ABDBF ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS CITATION GROUPED_DOAJ MODMG M~E |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c2784-4eec279eca431d9cb68d1ed3a44b584f73b6b22b5502d8526f9fd9d2b3f41a973 |
| IEDL.DBID | DOA |
| ISSN | 2673-8007 |
| IngestDate | Wed Aug 27 01:30:50 EDT 2025 Thu Apr 24 23:06:07 EDT 2025 Tue Jul 01 02:28:56 EDT 2025 |
| IsDoiOpenAccess | true |
| IsOpenAccess | true |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Issue | 4 |
| Language | English |
| License | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
| LinkModel | DirectLink |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c2784-4eec279eca431d9cb68d1ed3a44b584f73b6b22b5502d8526f9fd9d2b3f41a973 |
| ORCID | 0009-0003-7788-9338 0000-0001-5637-9601 0000-0003-0113-2550 |
| OpenAccessLink | https://doaj.org/article/aeafb365bf574920be2c82b0445193a2 |
| PageCount | 25 |
| ParticipantIDs | doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_aeafb365bf574920be2c82b0445193a2 crossref_citationtrail_10_3390_applmicrobiol4040114 crossref_primary_10_3390_applmicrobiol4040114 |
| ProviderPackageCode | CITATION AAYXX |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | 2024-12-01 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2024-12-01 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 12 year: 2024 text: 2024-12-01 day: 01 |
| PublicationDecade | 2020 |
| PublicationTitle | Applied Microbiology (Basel) |
| PublicationYear | 2024 |
| Publisher | MDPI AG |
| Publisher_xml | – name: MDPI AG |
| References | Saha (ref_93) 2023; 19 Oleskin (ref_32) 2017; 9 ref_92 Kyriakaki (ref_106) 2023; 8 Wu (ref_84) 2020; 6 ref_13 Sideraki (ref_126) 2023; 14 Drigas (ref_31) 2021; 9 ref_99 ref_10 ref_97 ref_132 Zavitsanou (ref_59) 2021; 23 Girdler (ref_128) 2018; 76 Quigley (ref_14) 2017; 46 ref_17 ref_16 Kang (ref_70) 2018; 49 Bamicha (ref_21) 2023; 3 Israelyan (ref_6) 2019; 140 Peretti (ref_43) 2018; 22 Bamicha (ref_11) 2022; 33 Wu (ref_98) 2014; 30 Chaidi (ref_118) 2022; 34 ref_127 Radhakrishnan (ref_24) 2020; 24 Kaur (ref_45) 2020; 64 Zavitsanou (ref_58) 2022; 2 ref_25 ref_23 Yang (ref_90) 2014; 267 ref_122 Hennessy (ref_63) 2017; 19 Berding (ref_49) 2016; 74 ref_123 Halverson (ref_124) 2020; 52 ref_29 Drigas (ref_54) 2023; 12 ref_28 ref_27 ref_26 Ghazali (ref_116) 2019; 33 ref_71 Yang (ref_80) 2024; 18 Mitrofanis (ref_130) 2020; 15 MacFabe (ref_48) 2015; 26 Morton (ref_76) 2023; 26 Drobni (ref_101) 2017; 3 ref_79 Garg (ref_129) 2020; 10 ref_77 ref_75 ref_74 Ye (ref_65) 2021; 6 (ref_94) 2017; 39 Mitsea (ref_113) 2023; 12 Duman (ref_22) 2016; 2016 ref_83 Mitsea (ref_88) 2022; 3 ref_81 Papanastasiou (ref_117) 2022; 2 Beversdorf (ref_91) 2020; 35 Moos (ref_53) 2016; 5 ref_87 ref_86 Fouquier (ref_46) 2021; 6 Rieder (ref_33) 2017; 66 Aktaruzzaman (ref_119) 2011; 11 Stathopoulou (ref_105) 2020; 14 Mahmoud (ref_42) 2021; 37 Bravou (ref_108) 2022; 3 Green (ref_104) 2022; 6 Daneberga (ref_78) 2021; 36 Dinan (ref_4) 2017; 46 (ref_85) 2018; 370 Sideraki (ref_19) 2022; 3 Mayer (ref_15) 2011; 12 (ref_64) 2020; 35 Pergantis (ref_121) 2023; 2 Mehra (ref_34) 2022; 13 Yang (ref_125) 2020; 293 Di (ref_8) 2020; 80 Kawicka (ref_44) 2013; 64 Davies (ref_55) 2021; 128 Saeed (ref_103) 2022; 3 ref_51 Drigas (ref_107) 2013; 1 (ref_82) 2019; 59 Hamilton (ref_131) 2022; 14 Ding (ref_72) 2020; 129 ref_61 Pergantis (ref_120) 2023; 2 Rodop (ref_47) 2021; 2 Shannon (ref_9) 2022; 10 ref_69 ref_68 Hollestein (ref_95) 2023; 13 Hussain (ref_12) 2017; 595 ref_67 ref_62 Zou (ref_66) 2020; 13 Thakur (ref_3) 2014; 2 Maier (ref_96) 2022; 15 Leader (ref_40) 2020; 50 Bamicha (ref_37) 2022; 30 ref_115 ref_114 Carabotti (ref_20) 2015; 28 ref_35 ref_111 Li (ref_102) 2021; 37 ref_110 ref_30 ref_112 Bragg (ref_36) 2022; 9 Mittal (ref_57) 2017; 232 ref_39 Rosenfeld (ref_18) 2015; 43 Malhi (ref_41) 2021; 58 Dinan (ref_2) 2015; 37 Horn (ref_38) 2022; 12 Bamicha (ref_109) 2023; 12 Cohen (ref_52) 2023; 43 Capuco (ref_56) 2020; 37 Shanmugam (ref_50) 2022; 3 ref_100 Lozupone (ref_73) 2015; 26 Gonzalez (ref_1) 2011; 13 Driga (ref_60) 2023; 16 Rodnyy (ref_89) 2023; 35 ref_5 ref_7 |
| References_xml | – volume: 43 start-page: 225 year: 2023 ident: ref_52 article-title: The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Deciphering Diet–Disease Relationships: Case Studies publication-title: Annu. Rev. Nutr. doi: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-061121-090535 – volume: 13 start-page: 135 year: 2022 ident: ref_34 article-title: Gut Microbiota and Autism Spectrum Disorder: From Pathogenesis to Potential Therapeutic Perspectives publication-title: J. Tradit. Complement. Med. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2022.03.001 – volume: 6 start-page: 415 year: 2020 ident: ref_84 article-title: Targeting Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis: Potential Intervention Strategies for Neurological Disorders publication-title: Engineering doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.07.026 – volume: 9 start-page: 324 year: 2022 ident: ref_36 article-title: Prenatal Diet as a Modifier of Environmental Risk Factors for Autism and Related Neurodevelopmental Outcomes publication-title: Curr. Environ. Health Rep. doi: 10.1007/s40572-022-00347-7 – volume: 15 start-page: 2243 year: 2020 ident: ref_130 article-title: How and Why Does Photobiomodulation Change Brain Activity? publication-title: Neural Regen. Res. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.284989 – volume: 6 start-page: e00848-20 year: 2021 ident: ref_46 article-title: The Gut Microbiome in Autism: Study-Site Effects and Longitudinal Analysis of Behavior Change publication-title: mSystems doi: 10.1128/msystems.00848-20 – ident: ref_114 doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105156 – volume: 2 start-page: 53 year: 2023 ident: ref_120 article-title: Sensory Integration Therapy as Enabler for Developing Emotional Intelligence in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and the ICT’s Role publication-title: Braz. J. Sci. doi: 10.14295/bjs.v2i12.422 – volume: 10 start-page: 428 year: 2022 ident: ref_9 article-title: Autism spectrum disorder and the promise of artificial intelligence publication-title: J. Child Adolesc. Behav. – volume: 46 start-page: 1 year: 2017 ident: ref_14 article-title: Basic Definitions and Concepts: Organization of the Gut Microbiome publication-title: Gastroenterol. Clin. N. Am. doi: 10.1016/j.gtc.2016.09.002 – volume: 59 start-page: 3102 year: 2019 ident: ref_82 article-title: Impact of Gut Microbiota on Neurological Diseases: Diet Composition and Novel Treatments publication-title: Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1484340 – ident: ref_122 doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.915701 – volume: 2 start-page: 82 year: 2022 ident: ref_58 article-title: Special Nutrition for Students with Special Education Needs, and the ICT’s Role for Their Health Education publication-title: TechHub J. – volume: 52 start-page: 423 year: 2020 ident: ref_124 article-title: Gut Microbes in Neurocognitive and Mental Health Disorders publication-title: Ann. Med. doi: 10.1080/07853890.2020.1808239 – volume: 37 start-page: 110 year: 2021 ident: ref_42 article-title: Parent-Reported Feeding Characteristics in Children with ASD vs. Children Who Are Typically Developing publication-title: Egypt. J. Otolaryngol. doi: 10.1186/s43163-021-00152-3 – volume: 232 start-page: 2359 year: 2017 ident: ref_57 article-title: Neurotransmitters: The Critical Modulators Regulating Gut-Brain Axis publication-title: J. Cell. Physiol. doi: 10.1002/jcp.25518 – volume: 26 start-page: 1208 year: 2023 ident: ref_76 article-title: Multi-Level Analysis of the Gut–Brain Axis Shows Autism Spectrum Disorder-Associated Molecular and Microbial Profiles publication-title: Nat. Neurosci. doi: 10.1038/s41593-023-01361-0 – volume: 22 start-page: 825 year: 2018 ident: ref_43 article-title: Diet: The Keystone of Autism Spectrum Disorder? publication-title: Nutr. Neurosci. doi: 10.1080/1028415X.2018.1464819 – volume: 3 start-page: 124 year: 2022 ident: ref_50 article-title: Plant Food Bioactives and Its Effects on Gut Microbiota Profile Modulation for Better Brain Health and Functioning in Autism Spectrum Disorder Individuals: A Review publication-title: Food Front. doi: 10.1002/fft2.125 – volume: 80 start-page: 73 year: 2020 ident: ref_8 article-title: The Role of GABAergic Neural Circuits in the Pathogenesis of Autism Spectrum Disorder publication-title: Int. J. Dev. Neurosci. doi: 10.1002/jdn.10005 – volume: 3 start-page: 37 year: 2022 ident: ref_88 article-title: Mindfulness for Anxiety Management and Happiness: The Role of VR, Metacognition, and Hormones publication-title: Technium BioChemMed doi: 10.47577/biochemmed.v3i3.7343 – volume: 18 start-page: 233 year: 2024 ident: ref_80 article-title: Revealing the Gut Microbiome Mystery: A Meta-Analysis Revealing Differences between Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Neurotypical Children publication-title: BioSci. Trends doi: 10.5582/bst.2024.01123 – volume: 49 start-page: 121 year: 2018 ident: ref_70 article-title: Differences in Fecal Microbial Metabolites and Microbiota of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders publication-title: Anaerobe doi: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2017.12.007 – ident: ref_62 – volume: 13 start-page: 18 year: 2023 ident: ref_95 article-title: Excitatory/Inhibitory Imbalance in Autism: The Role of Glutamate and GABA Gene-Sets in Symptoms and Cortical Brain Structure publication-title: Transl. Psychiatry doi: 10.1038/s41398-023-02317-5 – volume: 14 start-page: 137 year: 2023 ident: ref_126 article-title: The Role of Cortisol and Microbiome in the Anxiety of People with ASD and the Use of ICTs for Regulation publication-title: World J. Biol. Pharm. Health Sci. doi: 10.30574/wjbphs.2023.14.3.0253 – volume: 267 start-page: 1 year: 2014 ident: ref_90 article-title: The Developmental Disruptions of Serotonin Signaling May Involved in Autism during Early Brain Development publication-title: Neuroscience doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.02.021 – ident: ref_28 – volume: 36 start-page: S29 year: 2021 ident: ref_78 article-title: Alterations of Gut Microbiota among Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder publication-title: Mol. Genet. Microbiol. Virol. doi: 10.3103/S0891416821050104 – volume: 129 start-page: 149 year: 2020 ident: ref_72 article-title: Gut Microbiota Changes in Patients with Autism Spectrum Disorders publication-title: J. Psychiatr. Res. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.06.032 – volume: 2016 start-page: 8301737 year: 2016 ident: ref_22 article-title: Emerging Roles of BAI Adhesion-GPCRs in Synapse Development and Plasticity publication-title: Neural Plast. doi: 10.1155/2016/8301737 – volume: 35 start-page: 100582 year: 2020 ident: ref_64 article-title: Endocrinological Abnormalities in Autism publication-title: Semin. Pediatr. Neurol. doi: 10.1016/j.spen.2016.04.001 – volume: 293 start-page: 113471 year: 2020 ident: ref_125 article-title: Effects of Gut Microbial-Based Treatments on Gut Microbiota, Behavioral Symptoms, and Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review publication-title: Psychiatry Res. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113471 – volume: 30 start-page: 138 year: 2022 ident: ref_37 article-title: The Evolutionary Course of Theory of Mind—Factors That Facilitate or Inhibit Its Operation & the Role of ICTs publication-title: Tech. Soc. Sci. J. – volume: 15 start-page: 1222 year: 2022 ident: ref_96 article-title: Increased Prefrontal GABA Concentrations in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders publication-title: Autism Res. doi: 10.1002/aur.2740 – volume: 37 start-page: 954 year: 2015 ident: ref_2 article-title: Gut Microbiota: The Conductor in the Orchestra of Immune-Neuroendocrine Communication publication-title: Clin. Ther. doi: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2015.03.002 – ident: ref_23 doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-28099-8 – ident: ref_71 doi: 10.3390/ijms252212407 – volume: 3 start-page: 27 year: 2022 ident: ref_108 article-title: Emotion Regulation, the Function of Stress Hormones & Digital Technologies publication-title: Tech. BioChemMed doi: 10.47577/biochemmed.v3i2.6338 – ident: ref_92 doi: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165859 – volume: 12 start-page: e13012340420 year: 2023 ident: ref_109 article-title: Consciousness Influences in ToM and Metacognition Functioning—An Artificial Intelligence Perspective publication-title: Res. Soc. Dev. doi: 10.33448/rsd-v12i3.40420 – volume: 74 start-page: 723 year: 2016 ident: ref_49 article-title: Microbiome and Nutrition in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Current Knowledge and Research Needs publication-title: Nutr. Rev. doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nuw048 – volume: 1 start-page: 4 year: 2013 ident: ref_107 article-title: E-Learning and ICTs Applications in Nutrition Science publication-title: Int. J. Recent Contrib. Eng. Sci. IT doi: 10.3991/ijes.v1i2.3279 – volume: 50 start-page: 1401 year: 2020 ident: ref_40 article-title: Feeding Problems, Gastrointestinal Symptoms, Challenging Behavior and Sensory Issues in Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder publication-title: J. Autism Dev. Disord. doi: 10.1007/s10803-019-04357-7 – volume: 2 start-page: 77 year: 2023 ident: ref_121 article-title: Assistive Technology for Autism Spectrum Disorder Children That Experiences Stress and Anxiety publication-title: Braz. J. Sci. doi: 10.14295/bjs.v2i12.426 – volume: 12 start-page: e13212541590 year: 2023 ident: ref_54 article-title: PoM & ToM—Harnessing the Power of Mind in Theory of Mind by Shaping Beneficial Mental States in Preschoolers and the ICT’s Role publication-title: Res. Soc. – volume: 34 start-page: 214 year: 2022 ident: ref_118 article-title: Digital Games & Special Education publication-title: Tech. Soc. Sci. J. – volume: 39 start-page: 355 year: 2017 ident: ref_94 article-title: A dopamine hypothesis of autism spectrum disorder publication-title: Dev. Neurosci. doi: 10.1159/000478725 – ident: ref_25 – volume: 16 start-page: 50 year: 2023 ident: ref_60 article-title: Heavy Metals, Halogens, Carbon and Nitrogen Oxides, and Autism the Important Role of Digital Technologies in Health Education, Prevention and Digital Health publication-title: GSC Adv. Res. Rev. doi: 10.30574/gscarr.2023.16.2.0334 – volume: 2 start-page: 1016 year: 2014 ident: ref_3 article-title: Gut-Microbiota and Mental Health: Current and Future Perspectives publication-title: J. Pharmacol. Clin. Toxicol. – volume: 46 start-page: 77 year: 2017 ident: ref_4 article-title: The Microbiome-Gut-Brain Axis in Health and Disease publication-title: Gastroenterol. Clin. N. Am. doi: 10.1016/j.gtc.2016.09.007 – volume: 43 start-page: 1557 year: 2015 ident: ref_18 article-title: Microbiome Disturbances and Autism Spectrum Disorders publication-title: Drug Metab. Dispos. doi: 10.1124/dmd.115.063826 – volume: 19 start-page: 770 year: 2023 ident: ref_93 article-title: Analysis of Neurotransmitters Validates the Importance of the Dopaminergic System in Autism Spectrum Disorder publication-title: World J. Pediatr. doi: 10.1007/s12519-023-00702-0 – volume: 13 start-page: 1614 year: 2020 ident: ref_66 article-title: Changes in the Gut Microbiota of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder publication-title: Autism Res. doi: 10.1002/aur.2358 – volume: 33 start-page: 42 year: 2022 ident: ref_11 article-title: ToM & ASD: The Interconnection of Theory of Mind with the Social-Emotional, Cognitive Development of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. The Use of ICTs as an Alternative Form of Intervention in ASD publication-title: Tech. Soc. Sci. J. – ident: ref_111 doi: 10.36227/techrxiv.22638736.v1 – ident: ref_39 doi: 10.1007/978-1-4614-4788-7 – volume: 3 start-page: 42 year: 2022 ident: ref_19 article-title: Stress, Hormones & the role of ICT in autism publication-title: Tech. BioChemMed – volume: 12 start-page: 453 year: 2011 ident: ref_15 article-title: Gut Feelings: The Emerging Biology of Gut–Brain Communication publication-title: Nat. Rev. Neurosci. doi: 10.1038/nrn3071 – volume: 6 start-page: 120 year: 2021 ident: ref_65 article-title: Comparison of Gut Microbiota in Autism Spectrum Disorders and Neurotypical Boys in China: A Case-Control Study publication-title: Synth. Syst. Biotechnol. doi: 10.1016/j.synbio.2021.03.003 – ident: ref_87 doi: 10.3390/medicina58070923 – ident: ref_13 doi: 10.1017/9781108762519.002 – ident: ref_30 doi: 10.37714/josam.v3i2.90 – ident: ref_81 doi: 10.3390/brainsci10030163 – volume: 14 start-page: 884 year: 2022 ident: ref_131 article-title: Lights on for Autism: Exploring Photobiomodulation as an Effective Therapeutic Option publication-title: Neurol. Int. doi: 10.3390/neurolint14040071 – volume: 58 start-page: 842 year: 2021 ident: ref_41 article-title: Sensory Processing Dysfunction and Mealtime Behavior Problems in Children with Autism publication-title: Indian Pediatr. doi: 10.1007/s13312-021-2305-4 – volume: 19 start-page: 013003 year: 2017 ident: ref_63 article-title: Photobiomodulation and the Brain: A New Paradigm publication-title: J. Opt. doi: 10.1088/2040-8986/19/1/013003 – volume: 8 start-page: 51 year: 2023 ident: ref_106 article-title: Mobile Applications for Autism publication-title: Eximia – volume: 9 start-page: 4 year: 2021 ident: ref_31 article-title: Metacognition, Stress—Relaxation Balance & Related Hormones publication-title: Int. J. Recent Contrib. Eng. Sci. IT – ident: ref_61 doi: 10.1007/978-981-19-5021-6 – ident: ref_97 doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.860448 – volume: 28 start-page: 203 year: 2015 ident: ref_20 article-title: The gut-brain axis: Interactions between enteric microbiota, central and enteric nervous systems publication-title: Ann. Gastroenterol. – ident: ref_100 doi: 10.1007/978-981-15-9781-7 – ident: ref_83 doi: 10.3390/nu11112812 – volume: 66 start-page: 9 year: 2017 ident: ref_33 article-title: Microbes and Mental Health: A Review publication-title: Brain Behav. Immun. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2017.01.016 – volume: 23 start-page: 67 year: 2021 ident: ref_59 article-title: Nutrition in Mental and Physical Health publication-title: Tech. Soc. Sci. J. – volume: 33 start-page: 325 year: 2019 ident: ref_116 article-title: Assessing the Effect of Persuasive Robots Interactive Social Cues on Users’ Psychological Reactance, Liking, Trusting Beliefs and Compliance publication-title: Adv. Robot. doi: 10.1080/01691864.2019.1589570 – ident: ref_5 doi: 10.3390/nu14142896 – volume: 37 start-page: 1328 year: 2020 ident: ref_56 article-title: Current Perspectives on Gut Microbiome Dysbiosis and Depression publication-title: Adv. Ther. doi: 10.1007/s12325-020-01272-7 – ident: ref_112 doi: 10.3390/bs13121008 – ident: ref_74 doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.871086 – volume: 13 start-page: 55 year: 2011 ident: ref_1 article-title: The mind-body-microbial continuum publication-title: Dialogues Clin. Neurosci. doi: 10.31887/DCNS.2011.13.1/agonzalez – volume: 370 start-page: 148 year: 2018 ident: ref_85 article-title: Neural Circuits for Social Cognition: Implications for Autism publication-title: Neuroscience doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.07.013 – volume: 10 start-page: 523 year: 2020 ident: ref_129 article-title: Impact of Artificial Intelligence in Special Need Education to Promote Inclusive Pedagogy publication-title: Int. J. Inf. Educ. Technol. – volume: 37 start-page: 1051 year: 2021 ident: ref_102 article-title: Structural, Functional, and Molecular Imaging of Autism Spectrum Disorder publication-title: Neurosci. Bull. doi: 10.1007/s12264-021-00673-0 – volume: 595 start-page: 1013 year: 2017 ident: ref_12 article-title: Exploratory studies: A crucial step towards better hypothesis-driven confirmatory research in brain stimulation publication-title: J. Physiol. doi: 10.1113/JP273582 – ident: ref_69 doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-03794-8 – ident: ref_68 doi: 10.3390/nu12030792 – volume: 26 start-page: 26914 year: 2015 ident: ref_73 article-title: Gut Bacteria in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: Challenges and Promise of Studying How a Complex Community Influences a Complex Disease publication-title: Microb. Ecol. Health Dis. – volume: 30 start-page: 367 year: 2014 ident: ref_98 article-title: GABA Receptors in Brain Development, Function, and Injury publication-title: Metab. Brain Dis. doi: 10.1007/s11011-014-9560-1 – ident: ref_127 doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-374927-7.00004-2 – ident: ref_79 doi: 10.1186/s40168-017-0242-1 – volume: 5 start-page: 137 year: 2016 ident: ref_53 article-title: Microbiota and Neurological Disorders: A Gut Feeling publication-title: BioResearch Open Access doi: 10.1089/biores.2016.0010 – volume: 2 start-page: 7 year: 2021 ident: ref_47 article-title: Nutrition Effect on Autism Spectrum Disorders publication-title: J. Exp. Basic Med. Sci. – volume: 128 start-page: 549 year: 2021 ident: ref_55 article-title: Altering the Gut Microbiome to Potentially Modulate Behavioral Manifestations in Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Systematic Review publication-title: Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.07.001 – ident: ref_86 doi: 10.5772/59122 – volume: 3 start-page: 140 year: 2023 ident: ref_21 article-title: LLLT Applications May Enhance ASD Aspects Related to Disturbances in the Gut Microbiome, Mitochondrial Activity, and Neural Network Function publication-title: Braz. J. Sci. doi: 10.14295/bjs.v3i1.457 – ident: ref_115 doi: 10.3991/ijoe.v19i11.37895 – ident: ref_17 doi: 10.3390/ijms23031363 – volume: 12 start-page: 164 year: 2022 ident: ref_38 article-title: Role of Diet and Its Effects on the Gut Microbiome in the Pathophysiology of Mental Disorders publication-title: Transl. Psychiatry doi: 10.1038/s41398-022-01922-0 – ident: ref_16 doi: 10.3389/fnins.2020.578666 – ident: ref_51 doi: 10.1007/978-981-16-6760-2 – ident: ref_77 doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-21327-9 – volume: 3 start-page: 38 year: 2017 ident: ref_101 article-title: Digital Health Is a Cultural Transformation of Traditional Healthcare publication-title: mHealth doi: 10.21037/mhealth.2017.08.07 – volume: 12 start-page: e20512239568 year: 2023 ident: ref_113 article-title: Effects of Digital Games Training on Hormonal Responses and Brain Plasticity publication-title: Res. Soc. Dev. doi: 10.33448/rsd-v12i2.39568 – volume: 26 start-page: 28177 year: 2015 ident: ref_48 article-title: Enteric Short-Chain Fatty Acids: Microbial Messengers of Metabolism, Mitochondria, and Mind: Implications in Autism Spectrum Disorders publication-title: Microb. Ecol. Health Dis. – ident: ref_67 doi: 10.3390/nu11030521 – volume: 11 start-page: 114 year: 2011 ident: ref_119 article-title: Trends and issues to integrate ICT in teaching learning for the future world of education publication-title: Int. J. Eng. Sci. Technol. – ident: ref_26 doi: 10.3390/ijms23115954 – volume: 140 start-page: 115 year: 2019 ident: ref_6 article-title: Reprint of: Serotonin as a Link between the Gut-Brain-Microbiome Axis in Autism Spectrum Disorders publication-title: Pharmacol. Res. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.12.023 – volume: 6 start-page: 335 year: 2022 ident: ref_104 article-title: An Integrated Early Care Pathway for Autism publication-title: Lancet Child Adolesc. Health doi: 10.1016/S2352-4642(22)00037-2 – ident: ref_123 doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.801376 – volume: 2 start-page: 41 year: 2022 ident: ref_117 article-title: Serious Games: How Do They Impact Special Education Needs Children publication-title: Tech. Educ. Humanit. – volume: 64 start-page: 355 year: 2020 ident: ref_45 article-title: Gut Microbiome Mediated Epigenetic Regulation of Brain Disorder and Application of Machine Learning for Multi-Omics Data Analysis publication-title: Genome doi: 10.1139/gen-2020-0136 – ident: ref_99 doi: 10.3389/fncir.2013.00136 – ident: ref_29 doi: 10.1007/978-981-16-8158-5 – ident: ref_132 doi: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00470 – ident: ref_35 doi: 10.3390/nu14132661 – volume: 3 start-page: 1 year: 2022 ident: ref_103 article-title: Gastrointestinal Disorders in Children with Autism: Could Artificial Intelligence Help? publication-title: AIG Artif. Intell. Gastroenterol. doi: 10.35712/aig.v3.i1.1 – volume: 76 start-page: 1275 year: 2018 ident: ref_128 article-title: The Contribution of Environmental Exposure to the Etiology of Autism Spectrum Disorder publication-title: Cell Mol. Life Sci. – ident: ref_27 doi: 10.1007/978-981-19-5021-6 – volume: 35 start-page: 1 year: 2023 ident: ref_89 article-title: The Brain Serotonin System in Autism publication-title: Rev. Neurosci. doi: 10.1515/revneuro-2023-0055 – ident: ref_10 doi: 10.3390/s23063062 – volume: 24 start-page: 207 year: 2020 ident: ref_24 article-title: The Regulation of Reactive Neuroblastosis, Neuroplasticity, and Nutraceuticals for Effective Management of Autism Spectrum Disorder publication-title: Adv. Neurobiol. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-30402-7_8 – volume: 9 start-page: 215 year: 2017 ident: ref_32 article-title: Role of Neurochemicals in the Interaction between the Microbiota and the Immune and the Nervous System of the Host Organism publication-title: Probiotics Antimicrob. Proteins doi: 10.1007/s12602-017-9262-1 – volume: 64 start-page: 1 year: 2013 ident: ref_44 article-title: How nutritional status, diet and dietary supplements can affect autism. A review publication-title: Rocz. Panstw. Zakl. Hig. – volume: 35 start-page: 100834 year: 2020 ident: ref_91 article-title: The Role of the Noradrenergic System in Autism Spectrum Disorders, Implications for Treatment publication-title: Semin. Pediatr. Neurol. doi: 10.1016/j.spen.2020.100834 – ident: ref_7 doi: 10.20944/preprints202305.1223.v1 – volume: 14 start-page: 5 year: 2020 ident: ref_105 article-title: Evaluation of Mobile Apps Effectiveness in Children with Autism Social Training via Digital Social Stories publication-title: Int. J. Interact. Mob. Technol. doi: 10.3991/ijim.v14i03.10281 – ident: ref_110 doi: 10.36560/16420231711 – ident: ref_75 doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-50601-7 |
| SSID | ssj0002891373 |
| Score | 2.2962143 |
| SecondaryResourceType | review_article |
| Snippet | Background: Autism spectrum disorder is a multifactorial phenomenon whose genetic, biological, environmental, and nutritional factors outline the heterogeneous... |
| SourceID | doaj crossref |
| SourceType | Open Website Enrichment Source Index Database |
| StartPage | 1677 |
| SubjectTerms | autism spectrum disorders gut microbiome information and communication technologies neurotransmitters |
| Title | The Effect of Gut Microbiome, Neurotransmitters, and Digital Insights in Autism |
| URI | https://doaj.org/article/aeafb365bf574920be2c82b0445193a2 |
| Volume | 4 |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| link | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV3PS8MwFA4yL15EUXH-GDl4XLH51bTHzTmnML042K0kaSIV24nb_n9fmjomCLt4K20SynuPfO_jJd9D6IZLRbS14AFpkogbzqNUJyJSaWxlHFvCta_oTp-TyYw_zcV8q9WXPxMW5IGD4W6VVU6zRGgnJM9orC01KdWxF9bKmGp2X8C8LTL1HspnhEkW7sox4PVNPbgqW3EjDqFLCP-FRVuS_Q22jI_QYZsU4kH4mWO0Z-sT9AIexEFcGC8cfliv8LRdubJ93KhqrDzSVGUjkdnHqi7wqHzzbUDwY730tHuJyxoPILiW1Smaje9f7yZR2_4gMr4aGHFr4SGzRgHIF5nRSVoQWzDFuYa0wUmmE02pBo5Bi1TQxGWuyAqqmeNEZZKdoU69qO05wka7AoiJg4-GS6mUUNJC4sMcARAToovYjyFy02qD-xYVHzlwBG--_C_zdVG0mfUZtDF2jB96G2_GemXr5gX4O2_9ne_y98V_LHKJDigkJ-FYyhXqrL7W9hqSi5Xuof3BcDQc95p4-gYxntDc |
| linkProvider | Directory of Open Access Journals |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+Effect+of+Gut+Microbiome%2C+Neurotransmitters%2C+and+Digital+Insights+in+Autism&rft.jtitle=Applied+Microbiology+%28Basel%29&rft.au=Victoria+Bamicha&rft.au=Pantelis+Pergantis&rft.au=Athanasios+Drigas&rft.date=2024-12-01&rft.pub=MDPI+AG&rft.eissn=2673-8007&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1677&rft.epage=1701&rft_id=info:doi/10.3390%2Fapplmicrobiol4040114&rft.externalDBID=DOA&rft.externalDocID=oai_doaj_org_article_aeafb365bf574920be2c82b0445193a2 |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=2673-8007&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=2673-8007&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=2673-8007&client=summon |