Hypereosinophilic syndrome with massive liver infarction: A case report
Rationale: Liver infarction caused only by hepatic artery occlusion is rare. Elevated levels of eosinophils in the blood and tissue can have devastating consequences. Patient concerns: Male, 21 years old, presented with persistent abdominal distension and discomfort for more than ten days without an...
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Published in | Medicine (Baltimore) Vol. 102; no. 46; p. e35903 |
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Main Authors | , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
17.11.2023
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Online Access | Get full text |
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Abstract | Rationale: Liver infarction caused only by hepatic artery occlusion is rare. Elevated levels of eosinophils in the blood and tissue can have devastating consequences. Patient concerns: Male, 21 years old, presented with persistent abdominal distension and discomfort for more than ten days without an apparent cause. Laboratory findings showed an eosinophil percentage of 32.5% (normal range 0.5%–5%). Computed tomographic angiography of the hepatic artery and its branches did not show any enhancement, only the common hepatic artery was visible. Diagnosis: The patient in this case had a peripheral blood eosinophil count of ≥1.5 × 109/L in multiple examinations over 6 months, and eosinophilic leukemia and secondary causes such as parasitic infections, allergic diseases, or tumors were ruled out, confirming the diagnosis of hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES). Interventions: The patients were treated with interventional therapy, glucocorticoid pulse therapy and anti-infection therapy. Outcomes: After interventional therapy, glucocorticoid pulse therapy, and anti-infection treatment, the patient was reexamined 2 months later. The CT scan showed that the range of the original infarction in the liver had shrunk compared to before, and the remaining liver had enlarged with good compensation; Laboratory tests improved compared with baseline: eosinophil percentage of 0.1%. Lessons: This article discusses a rare case of hepatic artery occlusion and liver infarction in a young male patient with HES. The cause of hepatic artery embolism and hepatic infarction may be related to the abnormal increase in eosinophils, which can lead to hypercoagulation and thrombus formation. The article emphasizes the importance of timely diagnosis and treatment of HES to prevent life-threatening thrombotic events and describes the successful management of the patient condition through anticoagulation, anti-infection, liver protection, and glucocorticoid therapy. |
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AbstractList | Rationale: Liver infarction caused only by hepatic artery occlusion is rare. Elevated levels of eosinophils in the blood and tissue can have devastating consequences. Patient concerns: Male, 21 years old, presented with persistent abdominal distension and discomfort for more than ten days without an apparent cause. Laboratory findings showed an eosinophil percentage of 32.5% (normal range 0.5%–5%). Computed tomographic angiography of the hepatic artery and its branches did not show any enhancement, only the common hepatic artery was visible. Diagnosis: The patient in this case had a peripheral blood eosinophil count of ≥1.5 × 109/L in multiple examinations over 6 months, and eosinophilic leukemia and secondary causes such as parasitic infections, allergic diseases, or tumors were ruled out, confirming the diagnosis of hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES). Interventions: The patients were treated with interventional therapy, glucocorticoid pulse therapy and anti-infection therapy. Outcomes: After interventional therapy, glucocorticoid pulse therapy, and anti-infection treatment, the patient was reexamined 2 months later. The CT scan showed that the range of the original infarction in the liver had shrunk compared to before, and the remaining liver had enlarged with good compensation; Laboratory tests improved compared with baseline: eosinophil percentage of 0.1%. Lessons: This article discusses a rare case of hepatic artery occlusion and liver infarction in a young male patient with HES. The cause of hepatic artery embolism and hepatic infarction may be related to the abnormal increase in eosinophils, which can lead to hypercoagulation and thrombus formation. The article emphasizes the importance of timely diagnosis and treatment of HES to prevent life-threatening thrombotic events and describes the successful management of the patient condition through anticoagulation, anti-infection, liver protection, and glucocorticoid therapy. RATIONALELiver infarction caused only by hepatic artery occlusion is rare. Elevated levels of eosinophils in the blood and tissue can have devastating consequences.PATIENT CONCERNSMale, 21 years old, presented with persistent abdominal distension and discomfort for more than ten days without an apparent cause. Laboratory findings showed an eosinophil percentage of 32.5% (normal range 0.5%-5%). Computed tomographic angiography of the hepatic artery and its branches did not show any enhancement, only the common hepatic artery was visible.DIAGNOSISThe patient in this case had a peripheral blood eosinophil count of ≥1.5 × 109/L in multiple examinations over 6 months, and eosinophilic leukemia and secondary causes such as parasitic infections, allergic diseases, or tumors were ruled out, confirming the diagnosis of hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES).INTERVENTIONSThe patients were treated with interventional therapy, glucocorticoid pulse therapy and anti-infection therapy.OUTCOMESAfter interventional therapy, glucocorticoid pulse therapy, and anti-infection treatment, the patient was reexamined 2 months later. The CT scan showed that the range of the original infarction in the liver had shrunk compared to before, and the remaining liver had enlarged with good compensation; Laboratory tests improved compared with baseline: eosinophil percentage of 0.1%.LESSONSThis article discusses a rare case of hepatic artery occlusion and liver infarction in a young male patient with HES. The cause of hepatic artery embolism and hepatic infarction may be related to the abnormal increase in eosinophils, which can lead to hypercoagulation and thrombus formation. The article emphasizes the importance of timely diagnosis and treatment of HES to prevent life-threatening thrombotic events and describes the successful management of the patient condition through anticoagulation, anti-infection, liver protection, and glucocorticoid therapy. |
Author | Guo, Li Hua, Yi-Fan Lu, Shan-Yu |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Shan-Yu surname: Lu fullname: Lu, Shan-Yu organization: Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, P.R. China – sequence: 2 givenname: Yi-Fan surname: Hua fullname: Hua, Yi-Fan organization: Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, P.R. China – sequence: 3 givenname: Li orcidid: 0000-0002-4236-1264 surname: Guo fullname: Guo, Li organization: Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, P.R. China |
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Cites_doi | 10.1038/s41598-021-85852-9 10.1038/s41598-020-65128-4 10.1111/all.15544 10.1016/j.amjms.2022.05.019 10.3390/jcm11195595 |
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References | Ryan (R4-20240803) 2022; 364 Liu (R3-20240803) 2020; 10 Cioclu (R5-20240803) 2022; 11 Valent (R1-20240803) 2023; 78 Réau (R2-20240803) 2021; 11 |
References_xml | – volume: 11 start-page: 6388 year: 2021 ident: R2-20240803 article-title: Venous thrombosis and predictors of relapse in eosinophil-related diseases. publication-title: Sci Rep doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-85852-9 contributor: fullname: Réau – volume: 10 start-page: 8359 year: 2020 ident: R3-20240803 article-title: Hypereosinophilia with concurrent venous thromboembolism: clinical features, potential risk factors, and short-term outcomes in a Chinese Cohort. publication-title: Sci Rep doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-65128-4 contributor: fullname: Liu – volume: 78 start-page: 47 year: 2023 ident: R1-20240803 article-title: Proposed refined diagnostic criteria and classification of eosinophil disorders and related syndromes. publication-title: Allergy doi: 10.1111/all.15544 contributor: fullname: Valent – volume: 364 start-page: 661 year: 2022 ident: R4-20240803 article-title: The hypereosinophilic syndrome - an unusual cause of myocarditis and cardioembolic strokes. publication-title: Am J Med Sci doi: 10.1016/j.amjms.2022.05.019 contributor: fullname: Ryan – volume: 11 start-page: 5595 year: 2022 ident: R5-20240803 article-title: Mechanisms and neuroimaging patterns of hypereosinophilia-related ischemic stroke: a narrative review through three cases. publication-title: J Clin Med doi: 10.3390/jcm11195595 contributor: fullname: Cioclu |
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Snippet | Rationale: Liver infarction caused only by hepatic artery occlusion is rare. Elevated levels of eosinophils in the blood and tissue can have devastating... RATIONALELiver infarction caused only by hepatic artery occlusion is rare. Elevated levels of eosinophils in the blood and tissue can have devastating... |
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