Catastrophic formation of macro-scale flow and magnetic fields in the relativistic gas of binary systems

• Published in: Astrophysics and space science Vol. 370; no. 6; p. 64
• Main Authors: Saralidze, E., Shatashvili, N. L., Mahajan, S. M., Dadiani, E.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Dordrecht Springer Netherlands 01.06.2025; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Astrobiology; Astronomy; Astrophysics and Astroparticles; Boundary conditions; Cosmology; Electron gas; Electrons; Energy; Energy conversion; Equilibrium; Equilibrium analysis; Hot electrons; Kinetic energy; Laboratories; Magnetic fields; Observations and Techniques; Physics; Physics and Astronomy; Plasma; Relativistic effects; Space Exploration and Astronautics; Space Sciences (including Extraterrestrial Physics; White dwarf stars; Stars: evolution; Stars: white dwarfs; Stars: binaries; Stars: winds, outflows; Plasmas; Galaxies: jets
• ISSN: 0004-640X; 1572-946X
• DOI: 10.1007/s10509-025-04456-1

It is shown that a simple quasi–equilibrium analysis of a multi-component plasma can be harnessed to explain catastrophic energy transformations in astrophysical objects. We limit ourselves to the particular class of binary systems for which the typical plasma consists of one classical ion component, and two relativistic electron components – the bulk degenerate electron gas with a small contamination of hot electrons. We derive, analytically, the conditions conducive to such a catastrophic change. The pathway to such sudden changes is created by the slow changes in the initial parameters so that the governing equilibrium state can no longer be sustained and the system must find a new equilibrium that could have vastly different energy mix– of thermal, flow–kinetic and magnetic energies. In one such scenario, macro–scale flow kinetic, and magnetic energies abound in the final state. For the given multi–component plasma, we show that the flow (strongly Super–Alfvénic) kinetic energy is mostly carried by the small hot electron component. Under specific conditions, it is possible to generate strong macro–scale magnetic (velocity) field when all of the flow (magnetic) field energy is converted to the magnetic (velocity) field energy at the catastrophe. The analysis is applied to explain various observed characteristics of white dwarf (WD) systems, in particular, of the magnetic and dense/degenerate type.